{"id":18741,"date":"2016-07-08T15:11:21","date_gmt":"2016-07-08T15:11:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/?p=18741"},"modified":"2018-04-22T11:58:47","modified_gmt":"2018-04-22T15:58:47","slug":"monster-el-nino-subsides-but-impact-on-children-set-to-worsen-as-disease-malnutrition-spread-unicef","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/blog\/2016\/07\/monster-el-nino-subsides-but-impact-on-children-set-to-worsen-as-disease-malnutrition-spread-unicef\/","title":{"rendered":"‘Monster’ El Ni\u00f1o subsides but impact on children set to worsen as disease, malnutrition spread \u2013 Ä¢¹½ÊÓƵICEF"},"content":{"rendered":"

While the 2015-2016 El Ni\u00f1o \u2013 one of the strongest on record \u2013 has ended, its devastating impact on children is worsening, as hunger, malnutrition and disease continue to increase following the severe droughts and floods spawned by the event, a new report from the United Nations Children’s Fund (Ä¢¹½ÊÓƵICEF<\/a>) revealed today.<\/p>\n

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Making matters worse, there is a strong chance La Ni\u00f1a \u2013 El Ni\u00f1o’s flip side \u2013 could strike at some stage this year, further exacerbating a severe humanitarian crisis that is affecting millions of children in some of the most vulnerable communities, Ä¢¹½ÊÓƵICEF said in a report It’s not over \u2013 El Ni\u00f1o’s impact on children<\/a>.<\/p>\n

El Ni\u00f1o is the term used to describe the warming of the central to eastern tropical Pacific that occurs, on average, every three to seven years. It raises sea surface temperatures and impacts weather systems around the globe so that some places receive more rain while others receive none at all, often in a reversal of their usual weather pattern.While El Ni\u00f1o, and its counterpart La Ni\u00f1a, occur cyclically, in recent years, mainly due to the effects of global climate change, extreme weather events associated with these phenomena \u2013 such as droughts and floods \u2013 have increased in frequency and severity, according to Ä¢¹½ÊÓƵ agencies.<\/p>\n

\u201cMillions of children and their communities need support in order to survive. They need help to prepare for the eventuality La Ni\u00f1a will exacerbate the humanitarian crisis. And they need help to step up disaster risk reduction and adaptation to climate change, which is causing more intense and more frequent extreme weather events,\u201d said Ä¢¹½ÊÓƵICEF’s Director of Emergency Programs, Afshan Khan.<\/p>\n

Indeed, the agency reports that children in the worst affected areas are going hungry. In Eastern and Southern Africa \u2013 the worst hit regions \u2013 some 26.5 million children need support, including more than one million who need treatment for severe acute malnutrition.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe same children who are affected by El Ni\u00f1o and threatened by La Ni\u00f1a, find themselves on the frontlines of climate change,\u201d added Ms. Khan.<\/p>\n

Children in the worst affected areas are going hungry now, the report says and warns that their futures are at risk, as the extreme weather has disrupted schooling, increased disease and malnutrition, and robbed families of their livelihoods. In drought-affected areas, some children are staying away from class to fetch water over long distances, or have moved away with their families following loss of crops or livestock.<\/p>\n

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El Ni\u00f1o\u2019s impact on children – Ä¢¹½ÊÓƵICEF Briefing Note<\/h4>\n

El Ni\u00f1o exacerbated drought across Eastern Africa after a series of climatic shocks in 2014 and 2015 had already ruined harvests and depleted water sources, leaving many children dependent on food aid to survive. Graphic: Ä¢¹½ÊÓƵICEF<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Also across Southern Africa region El Ni\u00f1o exacerbated drought leaves many children dependent on food aid to survive after ruined harvests and depleted water sources. Graphic: Ä¢¹½ÊÓƵICEF<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Moreover, being out of school often increases a child’s risk of abuse, exploitation and, in some areas, child marriage. Malnutrition among children under five has increased alarmingly in many of the affected areas, as families who were already living hand-to-mouth. Undernutrition at a young age can have long-lasting effects, including increased risk of illness, delayed mental development or premature death, and can be passed on to the next generation. Undernourished girls have a greater likelihood of becoming undernourished mothers, who are more likely to give birth to low birthweight babies.<\/p>\n

In many countries, already strained resources, have reached their limits, and affected families have exhausted their coping mechanisms \u2013 such as selling off assets and skipping meals. Unless more aid is forthcoming, including urgent nutritional support for young children, decades of development progress could be eroded.<\/p>\n

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A child is weighed at a Ä¢¹½ÊÓƵICEF-supported therapeutic feeding centre at the Balaka district hospital in Malawi. The 2015-2016 El Ni\u00f1o\u2019s devastating impact on children is worsening, as hunger, malnutrition and disease continue to increase following the severe droughts and floods spawned by the event. Photo: Ä¢¹½ÊÓƵICEF\/Sebastian Rich<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

In many countries, El Ni\u00f1o affects access to safe water, and has been linked to increases in diseases such as dengue fever, diarrhoea and cholera, which are major killers of children. According to Ä¢¹½ÊÓƵICEF, in South America, and particularly Brazil, El Ni\u00f1o has created favourable breeding conditions for the mosquito that can transmit Zika, dengue, yellow fever and chikungunya. If La Ni\u00f1a does develop, it could contribute to the spread of the Zika virus to areas that have not been affected to date.<\/p>\n

Ä¢¹½ÊÓƵICEF also said there are serious concerns that Southern Africa, the global epicentre of the AIDS pandemic, could see an increased transmission of HIV as a result of El Ni\u00f1o’s impact. Lack of food affects access to anti-retroviral therapy, as patients tend not to take treatment on an empty stomach, and many people will use their limited resources for food rather than transport to a health facility.<\/p>\n

Drought can also force adolescent girls and women to engage in transactional sex to survive. And, mortality for children living with HIV is two to six times higher for those who are severely malnourished than for those who are not, reports Ä¢¹½ÊÓƵICEF.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe monster El Ni\u00f1o of 2015- 2016 has clearly demonstrated the need to step up emergency preparedness, disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation efforts at a time when climate change is spurring increasingly severe and frequent extreme-weather events,\u201d says the report, stressing that children’s futures, and their very survival, depend on action taken today. \u201cThe humanitarian crisis will only grow if the world fails to act now,\u201d it adds.<\/p>\n

via Ä¢¹½ÊÓƵ News Centre<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

While the 2015-2016 El Ni\u00f1o \u2013 one of the strongest on record \u2013 has ended, its devastating impact on children is worsening, as hunger, malnutrition and disease continue to increase following the severe droughts and floods spawned by the event, a new report from the United Nations Children’s Fund (Ä¢¹½ÊÓƵICEF) revealed today.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":192,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[20,10,11,4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18741","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-climate-change","category-zero-hunger","category-health","category-news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18741","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/192"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18741"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18741\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18741"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18741"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18741"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}