  {"id":31305,"date":"2017-09-08T14:03:54","date_gmt":"2017-09-08T14:03:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/?p=31305"},"modified":"2018-04-22T11:50:47","modified_gmt":"2018-04-22T15:50:47","slug":"interview-un-must-lead-surge-in-diplomacy-for-peace-guterres-says-ahead-of-72nd-general-assembly","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/blog\/2017\/09\/interview-un-must-lead-surge-in-diplomacy-for-peace-guterres-says-ahead-of-72nd-general-assembly\/","title":{"rendered":"INTERVIEW: Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµ must lead \u2018surge in diplomacy\u2019 for peace, Guterres says ahead of 72nd General Assembly"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-overflow:visible;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last fusion-column-no-min-height\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><p>As the excitement starts to build ahead of the United Nations General Assembly\u2019s annual high-level session \u2013 which sees Heads of State and Government and top ministers from nearly all Member States gather in New York to weigh in on the vital issues of the day \u2013\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sg\/en\">Secretary-General<\/a>\u00a0Ant\u00f3nio Guterres sat down with\u00a0<em>Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµ News<\/em>\u00a0to talk about the role of the 72-year-old Organization in a world that is facing more challenges than ever.<\/p>\n<p>Mr. Guterres, the Prime Minister of Portugal from 1995 to 2002, and the former Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµ High Commissioner for Refugees, took up his post on 1 January this year. He has consistently pushed for, among others, increased diplomacy on nettlesome global issues, broad adherence to the aims of the landmark Paris climate accord, wider engagement with the world\u2019s youth and dedicated efforts to ensure gender parity across the Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµ system.<\/p>\n<p>Saying that the Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµ \u201cmust be an instrument for a surge in diplomacy for peace,\u201d the Secretary-General discusses how he is working with the international community to make parties to conflict see that \u201cnobody is winning\u201d in today\u2019s devastating wars; to spotlight the links between climate change and sustainable development to ensure a globalized world that \u201cleaves no one behind;\u201d and to follow through on his deep belief that an equitable presence of both male and female colleagues makes organizations work better.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµ News: Mr. Secretary-General, with the new session of the General Assembly and its high-level debate coming up, what is the role of multilateralism in today\u2019s world and what are you going to do to try to strengthen this role?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Secretary-General:<\/strong>\u00a0We live in a world with global problems \u2013 climate change, terrorism, inequality \u2013 and there is no way we can solve [them] on a country-by-country basis. We see, more and more, that only global solutions can address global problems. And for global solutions to be possible, we need to have mechanisms of governance allowing countries to come together and manage together the problems of our times.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last fusion-column-no-min-height\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-video fusion-youtube\" style=\"--awb-max-width:600px;--awb-max-height:350px;\"><div class=\"video-shortcode\"><div class=\"fluid-width-video-wrapper\" style=\"padding-top:58.33%;\" ><iframe title=\"YouTube video player 1\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/gqPGUXBPu9Q?wmode=transparent&autoplay=0\" width=\"600\" height=\"350\" allowfullscreen allow=\"autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture;\"><\/iframe><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<p>And so multilateral organizations \u2013 like the Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµ, but also like many others\u2026 the International Monetary Fund, World Bank, regional organizations like the European Union, the African Union\u2026 they\u2019re all essential to allow us to face the very dramatic challenges that are today threatening humankind.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµ News: With all of the challenges facing the world right now \u2013 terrorism, extremism, the refugee crisis \u2013 what\u2019s your vision for the role the Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµ should be playing in today\u2019s world?<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>The Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµ must, first of all, be an instrument for a surge in diplomacy for peace<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>Secretary-General:\u00a0<\/strong>The Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµ must, first of all, be an instrument for a surge in diplomacy for peace and we are doing everything we can, facing all the crises that we have \u2013 from Mali to South Sudan to Libya to Central African Republic to Syria to Afghanistan to Somalia \u2013 to do everything we can to convince the parties to those conflicts and those that have leverage, that support the parties to the conflict, we are doing everything we can to convince them that these are wars that nobody is winning; everybody\u2019s losing.<\/p>\n<p>And it is absolutely essential that they forget their differences, their contradictions of interests and that they really come together to put an end to these tragic series of crises, violence and conflicts. Because these conflicts are also becoming more and more interlinked and more linked to global terrorism.<\/p>\n<div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last fusion-column-no-min-height\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div id=\"attachment_31313\" style=\"width: 2010px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/707593-Guterres.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-31313\" class=\"size-full wp-image-31313\" src=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/707593-Guterres.jpg\" alt=\"Mr. Guterres, Secretary-General-designate of the United Nations, addresses the General Assembly on 12 December 2016 after taking the oath of office for his five-year term. Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµ Photo\/Eskinder Debebe\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/707593-Guterres-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/707593-Guterres-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/707593-Guterres.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-31313\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mr. Guterres, Secretary-General-designate of the United Nations, addresses the General Assembly on 12 December 2016 after taking the oath of office for his five-year term. Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµ Photo\/Eskinder Debebe<\/p><\/div>\n<p>So we need to fight terrorists where they are, but we need to address the root causes of terrorism. That means solving conflicts, and at the same time, building cohesive societies where people can feel they belong, where they don\u2019t feel discriminated <div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-3 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last fusion-column-no-min-height\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\">[against] and respect human rights, to make sure that terrorist organizations have more and more difficulties recruiting people.<\/p>\n<p>Youth unemployment, for instance. Youth unemployment in certain parts of the world is one of the most dramatic problems that facilitate the work of terrorist organizations recruiting people that have no future. So we need \u2013 in sustainable development, in human rights and in a peace and security approach \u2013 to combine all the Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµ instruments in order to be able to defeat terrorism.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµ News: We see the effects of climate change around the world. What\u2019s your message to everyone involved \u2013 governments, civil society, citizens \u2013 about the phenomenon and the Sustainable Development Goals (<a href=\"https:\/\/sustainabledevelopment.un.org\/sdgs\">SDGs<\/a>)?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Secretary-General:<\/strong>\u00a0First of all, climate change today is undeniable. I just came from my country, Portugal, where we are having a huge drought in the south. We\u2019re seeing forest fires multiplying terribly. In the United States, as in Portugal and other parts of the world, we are seeing heat waves, we are seeing dramatic floods \u2013 Sierra Leone, India, Nepal \u2013 we always had floods in the past but now natural disasters are becoming more frequent, more intense and with more devastating consequences. We see deserts progressing. We see glaciers diminishing. We see the sea levels starting to rise. So it is clearly a threat to us all.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_31317\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/718455-Guterres-03.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-31317\" class=\"size-full wp-image-31317\" src=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/718455-Guterres-03.jpg\" alt=\"In Jordan, Mr. Guterres speaks with schoolchildren during a visit to the Zaatari refugee camp in March 2017. Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµ Photo\/Sahem Rababah\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/718455-Guterres-03-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/718455-Guterres-03.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-31317\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">In Jordan, Mr. Guterres speaks with schoolchildren during a visit to the Zaatari refugee camp in March 2017. Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµ Photo\/Sahem Rababah<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Second, to fight it we have today an important instrument \u2013 the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/newsroom.unfccc.int\/unfccc-newsroom\/finale-cop21\/\">Paris Agreement<\/a>. We need to make sure that all countries commit themselves to that [accord]. And wherever countries are not able to do so at the government level, that the societies, the business communities, the cities, are able to lead the process and in this way, we can be able to meet the Paris Agreement, but with an increased ambition because Paris is not enough to be able to contain global warming at the level that is acceptable.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>We need to see that there is a clear link between climate change and development<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>At the same time, we need to see that there is a clear link between climate change and development, and the sustainability of development. So, the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/sustainabledevelopment.un.org\/post2015\/transformingourworld\">2030 Agenda<\/a>, the Sustainable Development Goals, are the global programme accepted by all Member States to have a fair globalization. A globalization that leaves no one behind. Contrary to what has happened in the recent past where we see so many regions that are dramatically, negatively impacted by technological progress or globalization.<\/p>\n<p>We need to make sure that globalization that has brought enormous advantages for humankind, that it leaves no one behind. That there is inclusivity and that there is sustainability for our children and our grandchildren also to benefit from what we are achieving today.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµ News: A question dear to me \u2013 gender parity. You promised gender parity, and to strengthen gender parity within the Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµ system when you assumed office. Looking back at these past months, are you satisfied with what the progress so far? And what are your plans?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Secretary-General:<\/strong>\u00a0I\u2019ve appointed members of the Senior Management Group, which is the top level of the United Nations, between appointments and the renewal of mandates we have done it with 19 women and 17 men, which means parity has been taken very seriously by me in the decisions I can make. And we will have, at the end of my mandate \u2013 this is a very strong commitment \u2013 at the level of the Assistant Secretaries-General and Under-Secretaries-General across the board, all over the Organization, full parity.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_31329\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/730207-Guterres-04.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-31329\" class=\"size-full wp-image-31329\" src=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/730207-Guterres-04.jpg\" alt=\"The Secretary-General speaks to journalists at a press encounter at Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµ Headquarters in August 2017. Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµ Photo\/Mark Garten\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/730207-Guterres-04-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/730207-Guterres-04.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-31329\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Secretary-General speaks to journalists at a press encounter at Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµ Headquarters in August 2017. Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµ Photo\/Mark Garten<\/p><\/div>\n<p>We just approved a road map for parity that we will now submit to Member States in the areas where Member States need to take decisions aiming at reaching in 2023 in a majority of the areas of the Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµ, but for some that have more specific difficulties: in 2028, full parity for international staff across the board. So this is a strong commitment. And it\u2019s not because this idea is now very much in the public debate. It\u2019s because it\u2019s my deep belief that organizations work much better when there is an equitable presence of both male and female colleagues.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµ News: In your youth, you stood up for the principles you believed in. What would you say to young people in today\u2019s world who want to do something against racism, Islamophobia, anti-Semitism and discrimination?<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>It\u2019s my deep belief that organizations work much better when there is an equitable presence of both male and female colleagues<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><strong>Secretary-General:\u00a0<\/strong>I think that young people are exactly my hope because young people are much more cosmopolitan. They are much less prone to these irrational approaches of nationalism, of xenophobia, racism; they understand diversity is a richness; it\u2019s not a threat. I hope that young people will push their societies, their communities, their governments to understand that they need to have policies of social cohesion, they need to have policies that allow for everyone to feel that his or her identity is respected but, at the same time, that they belong to the community as a whole.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµ News: People want to know you on the personal level. So I have a few questions to try to do that. You are a fan of history. Who are your favourite historic figures?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Secretary-General:<\/strong>\u00a0Well I had two personalities that had a very, very important influence on my political life, both ideologically and in relation to the political attitude, political behaviour. One, in my youth, Olof Palme. Another, in the maturity of my life, Nelson Mandela. I think they correspond to a fantastic combination: on one side, the policies that are at the same time clearly oriented for equality, for a progressive view of the world, equality between people, equality between societies.<\/p>\n<p>Olof Palme has made a fantastic contribution to the development of a progressive vision of his country and of international relations. And then Nelson Mandela is the very symbol of forgiveness, tolerance and the capacity to rebuild a society that was so deeply and so tragically divided.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_31333\" style=\"width: 1034px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/710894-Guterres-05.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-31333\" class=\"size-full wp-image-31333\" src=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/710894-Guterres-05.jpg\" alt=\"Mr. Guterres (centre right) on his way to Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµ Headquarters for his first day at work as Secretary-General on 3 January 2017. Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµ Photo\/Mark Garten\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/710894-Guterres-05-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/710894-Guterres-05.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-31333\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mr. Guterres (centre right) on his way to Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµ Headquarters for his first day at work as Secretary-General on 3 January 2017. Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµ Photo\/Mark Garten<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµ News: Who is your favourite author and what is your favourite book?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Secretary-General:\u00a0<\/strong>I am, as you said, a compulsive reader of history. There are two history authors that I really consider the best I\u2019ve read. One is French, Georges Duby. He was an excellent medievalist. The other is British, A.J.P Taylor. But of course, I am Portuguese; I come from a country of poets. There is a Portuguese poet that I consider absolutely unique: Fernando Pessoa.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµ News: With all your responsibilities as the head of an Organization that people look up to for solutions in a complicated world, what do you do to de-stress? What do you do for fun?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Secretary-General:\u00a0<\/strong>Well, I like music a lot. So I [listen to] music at home. I go to concerts, operas frequently. I am very fond of contemporary art, so here in New York is the best place in the world \u2013 the galleries in Chelsea and other parts, contemporary exhibitions in the different museums.<\/p>\n<p>And at the same time, I love to travel \u2013 and to go and try to discover either aspects of cultural heritage or landscapes that are unusual, or to have contact with people that are different and can enrich us. So I would say these are probably the areas where I try to use my spare time to my own benefit.<\/p>\n<p>Via <a href=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/apps\/news\/story.asp?NewsID=57483#.Wbk3oNOGNBy\">Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµ News Centre<\/a><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":243,"featured_media":31341,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[24,4,30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-31305","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-peace-and-justice","category-news","category-secretary-general"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31305","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/243"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31305"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31305\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/31341"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31305"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=31305"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.un.org\/sustainabledevelopment\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=31305"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}