16 October 2025

Executive Summary:

This snapshot report presents the findings of Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµRWA¡¯s first digital identity verification of the Palestinian population in Lebanon, conducted from mid-2023 to mid-2025 through the eÄ¢¹½ÊÓÆµRWA mobile platform. The verified population totals 231,515 as at 30 June 2025, with a nearly equal proportion of females and males, and a relatively high dependency ratio, comprising 33 per cent children and 10 per cent elderly. Half of the population resides in the South Governorate, where the largest official camps and informal gatherings are located. Facing long-standing severe restrictions on their socio-economic rights, the population remains heavily reliant on Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµRWA, with 94 per cent accessing one or more of the Agency¡¯s services during the verification period. Access to cash or in-kind assistance is largely uniform across the population, whereas variations are noticeable in the use of health and education services.

Introduction:

During its first year of operation in 1950, Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµRWA conducted a census across the region and, by 30 June 1951, had registered 106,896 Palestine Refugees in Lebanon ¨C defined as persons whose normal place of residence had been Palestine and who had lost their homes and means of livelihood as a result of the 1948 war. Since then, the records of those originally registered and their patrilineal descendants have been maintained and updated on a voluntary basis. As of 30 June 2025, the number of registered Palestine Refugees in Lebanon was 487,869.

Not all registered Palestine Refugees in Lebanon currently reside in the country, and not all those currently residing in the country are registered there. Over the decades, many Palestine Refugees have left in search of a better life elsewhere, yet they remain registered in Lebanon with both the Agency and the Lebanese Directorate of Political Affairs and Refugees, which issues their identity documents. Other Palestine Refugees arrived in Lebanon following the 1967 conflict, the 1970 Black September in Jordan and the 2011 outbreak of war in Syria, but they remain registered with Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµRWA in the Gaza Strip, the occupied West Bank including East Jerusalem, Jordan or Syria ¨C where they or their patrilineal ancestors had taken refuge at the time of the Agency¡¯s initial census. Among those displaced because of the 1967 hostilities and subsequent conflicts, some are recorded with Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµRWA as other persons of concern instead of Palestine Refugees because they were not previously displaced in 1948. Regardless of their registration category with the Agency, most of those who entered Lebanon in post-1967 displacement waves hold only temporary residence permits or lack official documentation altogether.

Except for a small minority who has been granted Lebanese citizenship, Palestine Refugees and other Palestinians in Lebanon face severe restrictions on their socio – economic rights, leaving them largely dependent on Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµRWA for essential services.? To support the planning, implementation and monitoring of these services, data on the size, composition and distribution of the in -country Palestinian population was gathered through a digital identity verification process from mid-2023 to mid-2025.This snapshot report presents the findings of that process, including figures on registered Palestine Refugees and other Palestinians who were digitally verified in Lebanon as at 30 June 2025.

Conclusion:

For decades, distinguishing between the registered and resident Palestinian population in Lebanon had been a persistent challenge to Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµRWA¡¯s operations. The adoption of a digital identity verification process has enabled the Agency to accurately quantify the size, composition and distribution of the in-country population, as well as the extent of reliance on its services. The process will be repeated regularly to track population dynamics and inform the planning, implementation and monitoring of services in response to evolving needs and patterns of utilisation. Building on the experience in Lebanon, a similar approach will be systematically extended to all Ä¢¹½ÊÓÆµRWA fields of operation, with tailored adjustments to address contextual specificities of each field.