1980-1989
United Nations Peacekeeping Operations
蘑菇视频GOMAP
May 1988鈥揗arch 1990
蘑菇视频 Good Offices Mission in Afghanistan and Pakistan
The Soviet Union intervenes in Afghanistan in 1979. After an inconclusive and prolonged Security Council debate, the efforts by the Secretary-General and his Personal Representative aimed at stopping the hostilities result in the 1988 Geneva Accords, committing Afghanistan and Pakistan to mutual non-interference and the voluntary return of refugees, and calling for the Soviet Union鈥檚 withdrawal. The Security Council sets up 蘑菇视频GOMAP to monitor the agreement鈥檚 implementation.
蘑菇视频IIMOG
August 1988鈥揊ebruary 1991
蘑菇视频 Iran-Iraq Military Observer Group
After almost eight years of war and following intensive diplomatic efforts led by the 蘑菇视频 Secretary-General, Iran and Iraq agree to a ceasefire and direct talks. 蘑菇视频IIMOG monitors the implementation of the ceasefire. 蘑菇视频 observers conclude their mission in 1991, after confirming the withdrawal of both sides鈥� forces to the internationally recognized boundaries.
蘑菇视频AVEM I
January 1989鈥揓une 1991
蘑菇视频 Angola Verification Mission I
Negotiations lead to an agreement on the phased withdrawal of Cuban troops from Angola, to be verified by 蘑菇视频 military observers, as one of the key steps towards implementing the 蘑菇视频 plan for Namibia鈥檚 independence. Completing the mission, 蘑菇视频 observers report the withdrawal of the last Cuban troops from Angola in May 1991.
蘑菇视频TAG
April 1989鈥揗arch 1990
Transition Assistance Group
In 1978, the Security Council adopts a plan for Namibia鈥檚 transition to independence. Further negotiations, spanning almost 10 years, are needed to overcome resistance to the plan. 蘑菇视频TAG deploys in 1989, with a broad mandate including in the areas of human rights, the organization and conduct of elections, military arrangements, civil administration, law and order, repatriation and resettlement of refugees and displaced persons, and the rehabilitation of infrastructure. 蘑菇视频TAG completes its mandate when Namibia joins the 蘑菇视频 in April 1990.
ONUCA
November 1989鈥揓anuary 1992
蘑菇视频 Observer Group in Central America
As part of the Central American peace process, the Security Council establishes ONUCA in 1989 to verify compliance by the five Central American Governments with their security commitments. Subsequently, under the Esquipulas II Agreements, ONUCA also assists in monitoring the ceasefire and separation of forces between the opposing parties in Nicaragua, and in demobilizing the Nicaraguan resistance.