§ª§ã§ä§à§Ü§Ú §Ú §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í: 1917-1947 §Ô§à§Õ§í (§¹§Ñ§ã§ä§î I)

§£§£§¦§¥§¦§¯§ª§¦

§£§à§á§â§à§ã §à §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ò§í§Ý §á§à§Õ§ß§ñ§ä §Ó §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ó§ã§Ü§à§â§Ö §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §à§Ü§à§ß§é§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§ä§à§â§à§Û §Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§à§Û §Ó§à§Û§ß§í.

§°§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §Ú§ã§ä§à§Ü§Ú §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ñ §à §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Û §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í §Ü§â§à§ð§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §ã§à§Ò§í§ä§Ú§ñ§ç, §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ê§Ö§Õ§ê§Ú§ç §Ó §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö §á§Ö§â§Ó§à§Û §Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§à§Û §Ó§à§Û§ß§í. §¿§ä§Ú §ã§à§Ò§í§ä§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú §Ü §ä§à§Þ§å, §é§ä§à §­§Ú§Ô§Ñ §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §â§Ö§ê§Ú§Ý§Ñ §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ä§î §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å §á§à§Õ §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ-§Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§ñ §Ó §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §ã §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §­§Ú§Ô§à§Û §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§à§Û §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§à§Ó. §£ §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§Ö §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä §Ò§í§Ý §Ó§í§Õ§Ñ§ß §ß§Ñ §á§Ö§â§Ö§ç§à§Õ§ß§í§Û §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ §Õ§à §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§à§Û §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§å§ã§Ñ §á§à§Ý§ß§à§ã§ä§î§ð §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§å§ã§Ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§ß§à §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö §­§Ú§Ô§Ú; §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §Ø§Ö §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§Ö §Ó §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §ß§Ö §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§Ý§à §Ü §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ.

§£ §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §à §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö §ß§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å §ß§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §å§é§ä§Ö§ß§í §á§à§Ø§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §ç§à§ä§ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î, §é§ä§à ?§á§à§Ø§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ï§ä§Ú§ç §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§í §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §á§Ö§â§Ó§à§ã§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §á§â§Ú §ß§Ñ§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§ñ?. §¿§ä§à §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ý§à §à§ã§à§Ò§à§Ö §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, ¡ª §á§à§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§å §á§à§é§ä§Ú §Ù§Ñ §á§ñ§ä§î §Ý§Ö§ä §Õ§à §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §à§ä §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §Õ§Ñ§Ý§à §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§Ú §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ, §ß§Ñ §é§Ö§Þ §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ý§Ú§Õ§Ö§â§í, §ã§ã§í§Ý§Ñ§ñ§ã§î §ß§Ñ §ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§Ö ?§Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ú?, §á§à§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§å §Ú§ç §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ü§Ú §Ø§Ú§Ý§Ú §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ù§Ñ §Õ§Ó§Ö §ä§í§ã§ñ§é§Ú §Ý§Ö§ä §Õ§à §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó ?§Õ§Ú§Ñ§ã§á§à§â§Ö?.

§£ §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §Ó§ã§ñ§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ. §¬§à§â§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §é§î§Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ü§Ú §Ø§Ú§Ý§Ú §ß§Ñ §ï§ä§à§Û §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö §Ó §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§à§é§ä§Ú §Õ§Ó§å§ç §á§â§Ö§Õ§ê§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §ä§í§ã§ñ§é§Ö§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§Û, §ã§é§Ú§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ú §ï§ä§à§ä §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä §ß§Ñ§â§å§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §Ö§ã§ä§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ú §ß§Ö§à§ä§ì§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§Þ§í§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó. §°§ß§Ú §Ó§Ú§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ú §Ó §ß§Ö§Þ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ß§Ñ§â§å§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§Û §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú, §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §ã§à§ð§Ù§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §Ý§Ú§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§Þ §Ù§Ñ §á§à§Þ§à§ë§î, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§å§ð §à§ß§Ú §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ú§Þ §Ó§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §Ó§à§Û§ß§í. §²§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§à§Þ §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §Ó§ã§Ö §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §â§Ö§ê§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §ã§à§á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ï§ä§à§Þ§å §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§å §ã§à §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó, §é§ä§à §á§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§Ü§Ý§à §Ù§Ñ §ã§à§Ò§à§Û §Ü §Ü§à§ß§è§å §Ó§ä§à§â§à§Û §Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§à§Û §Ó§à§Û§ß§í §ß§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§Ö §ã§à §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß§í.

§¹§Ö§ä§Ó§Ö§â§ä§î §Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ §ã§á§å§ã§ä§ñ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §á§à§Õ§ß§ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ó §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã, §Ú§Ù§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§ß§í§Û §ä§Ö§á§Ö§â§î §Ü§Ñ§Ü ?§á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ñ?, §ã§ã§í§Ý§Ñ§ñ§ã§î §ß§Ñ §ä§à, §é§ä§à §ß§Ñ §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§å-§Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Û §Ó§à§Ù§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§í §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§â§Ö§é§Ú§Ó§í§Ö §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §à§ß§Ñ §ß§Ö §Ó §ã§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ç §Ó§í§á§à§Ý§ß§Ú§ä§î. §£ §ä§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§Û §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ò§í§Ý§à §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§à §Ý§Ú§ê§î §Õ§Ó§Ñ §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ, §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å §Ù§Ñ§ç§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§ß§å§Ý§Ñ §Ó§à§Ý§ß§Ñ §ß§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ. §ª§Ù§å§é§Ú§Ó §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§Ö §Ñ§Ý§î§ä§Ö§â§ß§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§í, §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§à§Ø§Ú§Ý§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ú§ä§î §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å §ß§Ñ §Õ§Ó§Ñ §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§í§ç §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ: §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§à; §á§â§Ú §ï§ä§à§Þ §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ö§ß §Ò§í§Ý §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§ä§î §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§å§ã §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§Ñ. §±§Ý§Ñ§ß §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §ß§Ö §á§â§Ú§ß§Ö§ã §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö, §Ñ §ß§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§Ö §á§Ö§â§Ö§â§à§ã§Ý§à §Ó §Ó§à§Û§ß§å §ß§Ñ §¢§Ý§Ú§Ø§ß§Ö§Þ §£§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§Ö, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§å§ð §å§Õ§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §à§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ú§ä§î §Ý§Ú§ê§î §Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§Õ§Ñ§â§ñ §Ó§Þ§Ö§ê§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§å §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û. §°§Õ§ß§à §Ú§Ù §Õ§Ó§å§ç §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ó §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó §á§â§à§Ó§à§Ù§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§à §ã§Ó§à§ð §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §Ó §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§î, §Ú §Ó §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§Ö §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ú§ç §Ù§Ñ §ï§ä§Ú§Þ §â§ñ§Õ§Ñ §Ó§à§Û§ß §à§ß§à §â§Ñ§ã§ê§Ú§â§Ú§Ý§à §ã§Ó§à§ð §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ð §Ù§Ñ §ã§é§Ö§ä §à§Ü§Ü§å§á§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ó§ã§Ö§Û §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í. §±§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§à§Þ §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§à §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ú §ß§Ö §á§à§ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §ß§Ñ §Ü§Ñ§â§ä§Ö §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ, §Ú §Ó §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §ä§â§Ú§Õ§è§Ñ§ä§Ú §Ý§Ö§ä §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ §Ò§à§â§à§Ý§ã§ñ §Ù§Ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ.

§±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ñ §Ò§í§ã§ä§â§à §á§Ö§â§Ö§â§à§ã§Ý§Ñ §Ó §Ò§Ý§Ú§Ø§ß§Ö§Ó§à§ã§ä§à§é§ß§í§ç §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ý§Ú§Ü§ä §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§Ö§Þ. §±§à§ã§Ý§Ö 1948 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ó§à§Û§ß§í §Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§â§å§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ú §Þ§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§à§ß§í §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó §Ó§í§ß§å§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§í §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §á§à§Ü§Ú§ß§å§ä§î §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å, §Ñ §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §á§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§ß§í§Û §á§à§Ú§ã§Ü §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ï§ä§à§Û §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §á§â§Ö§Ó§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Ó §ã§Ö§â§î§Ö§Ù§ß§í§Û §á§à§ä§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §Ú§ã§ä§à§é§ß§Ú§Ü §à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ §Ó§à §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ §Þ§Ú§â§Ö.

§£ §á§â§à§è§Ö§ã§ã§Ö §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §á§à§Ú§ã§Ü§Ñ §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó ¡ª §é§Ý§Ö§ß§à§Ó §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ý§à, §é§ä§à §Ó §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ö §Ò§Ý§Ú§Ø§ß§Ö§Ó§à§ã§ä§à§é§ß§à§Û §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í, §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Û §ã§à§Ò§à§Û §ß§Ñ§Ú§Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§å§ð §å§Ô§â§à§Ù§å §Þ§Ú§â§å, §ã §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §á§â§Ú§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §Ò§à§â§à§ä§î§ã§ñ §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û, §á§à-§á§â§Ö§Ø§ß§Ö§Þ§å §Ý§Ö§Ø§Ú§ä §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã §à §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö. §®§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ñ §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ó§ã§Ö §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ö§ä, §é§ä§à §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ö§ã§ä§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §ß§Ö§à§ä§ì§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§Þ§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ §ß§Ñ §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö.

§£ 1947 §Ô§à§Õ§å §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ó§Ù§ñ§Ý§Ñ §ß§Ñ §ã§Ö§Ò§ñ §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ù§Ñ §á§à§Ú§ã§Ü§Ú §ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§Ô§à §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í, §à§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §ï§ä§Ñ §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ñ §Ó§ã§Ö §Ö§ë§Ö §à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ö§â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û. §´§â§Ú §Õ§Ö§ã§ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§ñ §Ò§à§â§î§Ò§í, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ú §ð§â§Ú§Õ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ã§á§à§â§à§Ó §à§ä§à§Õ§Ó§Ú§ß§å§Ý§Ú §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§í§Ö §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§í §ß§Ñ §Ó§ä§à§â§à§Û §á§Ý§Ñ§ß §Ú §Ù§Ñ§ä§å§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ý§Ú §Ú§ã§ä§à§Ü§Ú §Ú §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§ð §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í; §Ó §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Þ §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§í §á§à§á§í§ä§Ü§Ú §Ó§ß§Ö§ã§ä§Ú §ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ó §ï§ä§à§ä §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã.

I. §ª§³§´§°§¬§ª §±§¡§­§¦§³§´§ª§¯§³§¬§°§« §±§²§°§¢§­§¦§®§½

§²§Ñ§ã§á§Ñ§Õ §°§ä§ä§à§Þ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ú§Ú

§¯§Ñ §â§å§Ò§Ö§Ø§Ö XX §Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ §Ö§Ó§â§à§á§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§å§ð §Õ§Ú§á§Ý§à§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§ð §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§à §Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ý ?§Ó§à§ã§ä§à§é§ß§í§Û §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã?, §Ú §Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§í §Ó§ã§ñ§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §á§í§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ú§ä§î §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§î §ß§Ñ§Õ §â§Ñ§ã§á§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ö§Û§ã§ñ §°§ä§ä§à§Þ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ú§Ö§Û §Ú§Ý§Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ú§ä§î §Ö§Ö §ß§Ñ §ã§æ§Ö§â§í §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Ô§à §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ß§Ú§ñ. ?§²§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§Ö §Ó§à§ã§ä§à§é§ß§à§Ô§à §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§ä, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ, §à§ä §¦§Ó§â§à§á§í?1, §Ú §ï§ä§à§ä §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã §Ò§í§Ý §ß§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§Ö§è §à§Ü§à§ß§é§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §á§à§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §´§å§â§è§Ú§Ú §Ó §á§Ö§â§Ó§à§Û §Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§à§Û §Ó§à§Û§ß§Ö.

§£ §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§Û §â§Ñ§Ù§Ô§Ñ§â §Ó§à§Û§ß§í, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §ß§Ö§Ú§Ù§Ò§Ö§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§î §â§Ñ§ã§á§Ñ§Õ§Ñ §°§ä§ä§à§Þ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ú§Ú §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §à§é§Ö§Ó§Ú§Õ§ß§à§Û, §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í §¡§ß§ä§Ñ§ß§ä§í §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ú §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§í §á§à §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§å §à §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ§ç, §ß§Ñ §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §à§ß§Ú §á§â§Ö§ä§Ö§ß§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú. §£ 1916 §Ô§à§Õ§å §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§í §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §¡§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Ö§Û, §¶§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ú§Ö§Û §Ú §²§à§ã§ã§Ú§Ö§Û, §Ü §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Þ §á§à§Ù§Õ§ß§Ö§Ö §á§â§Ú§ã§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §ª§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ñ, §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ú§Ý§Ú§ã§î §á§à§Õ§á§Ú§ã§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §ã§Ö§Ü§â§Ö§ä§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §³§Ñ§Û§Ü§ã§Ñ-§±§Ú§Ü§à §à §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Û §°§ä§ä§à§Þ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ú§Ú §ß§Ñ §ã§æ§Ö§â§í §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§à§á§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó (§á§â§Ú§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö I). §±§à§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§å §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ú§ã§î §ã§Ó§ñ§ä§í§ß§Ú §ä§â§Ö§ç §â§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ô§Ú§Û §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ, §ä§à §á§Ö§â§Ó§à§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §Õ§Ý§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§Û §â§Ö§Ø§Ú§Þ, §Ó§á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §Ø§Ö §à§ß§Ñ §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§í §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §á§Ö§â§Ö§Û§ä§Ú §á§à§Õ §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§î §¡§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Ú.

§·§à§ä§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§à§á§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§í §ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ú§Ý§Ú§ã§î §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ú§ä§î §ã§æ§Ö§â§í §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ß§Ú§ñ, §à§ß§Ú §Ó§ã§Ö §Ø§Ö §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §ã§å§Ó§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§ä §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ú §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Û, §Ú §Ó §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §³§Ñ§Û§Ü§ã§Ñ-§±§Ú§Ü§à §Ü§à§ß§Ü§â§Ö§ä§ß§à §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î ?§ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ? §Ú§Ý§Ú ?§Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó?. §¿§ä§à §ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §à§ä§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§Ý§à§Ø§Ú§Ó§ê§Ö§Ô§à§ã§ñ §Ó §ï§ä§à§Þ §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§Ö §â§Ö§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§Ö§ë§Ö§Û, §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ß§Ñ§â§à§Ø§Õ§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ú§Û§ã§ñ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Þ §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý §ã§à§Ò§à§Û §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§å§ð §å§Ô§â§à§Ù§å §Õ§Ý§ñ §ß§Ñ§Õ§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §°§ä§ä§à§Þ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ú§Ú. §¡§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Þ §ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ú§Ý§ã§ñ §å§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Õ§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ó §æ§à§â§Þ§Ö §ã§å§Ó§Ö§â§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç, §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§í§ç §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó §Ö§Ó§â§à§á§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§è§Ñ. §¸§Ö§Ý§Ú §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ó §ï§ä§à§Û §Ó§à§Û§ß§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §ä§Ö§ã§ß§à §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§í §ã §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §å§ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó, §é§ä§à §ß§Ñ§ê§Ý§à §ã§Ó§à§Ö §Ó§í§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ö§ð §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§Û §ã§å§Ó§Ö§â§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ§Þ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §á§à§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß §à§ã§Ú.

§¡§ß§Ô§Ý§à-§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î §á§à §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§å
§à §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó

§¿§ä§Ú §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§Ú §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §á§Ö§â§Ö§á§Ú§ã§Ü§Ö2 §Ù§Ñ 1915-1916 §Ô§à§Õ§í §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §£§Ö§â§ç§à§Ó§ß§í§Þ §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ñ§â§à§Þ §Ó §¦§Ô§Ú§á§ä§Ö §ã§ï§â§à§Þ §¤§Ö§ß§â§Ú §®§Ñ§Ü-§®§Ñ§Ô§à§ß§à§Þ §Ú §ï§Þ§Ú§â§à§Þ §®§Ö§Ü§Ü§Ú §ê§Ö§â§Ú§æ§à§Þ §·§å§ã§Ö§Û§ß§à§Þ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ý §à§ã§à§Ò§í§Û §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§å§ã §ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§ç §ã§Ó§ñ§ë§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ú§ã§Ý§Ñ§Þ§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§à§Ó. §´§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ, §à§ß §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ñ§Ý §Ó §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§à§Ó, §ç§à§ä§ñ §æ§à§â§Þ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §ß§Ö §á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ§Õ §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ§Ú §ï§ä§Ú§Þ§Ú §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ§Þ§Ú §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§î§ð §ã§ð§Ù§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ñ.

§£ §á§â§à§è§Ö§ã§ã§Ö §á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Û §á§Ö§â§Ö§á§Ú§ã§Ü§Ú §ê§Ö§â§Ú§æ §ß§Ö§Õ§Ó§å§ã§Þ§í§ã§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý ?§ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß?, §Õ§Ö§ä§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §å§ä§à§é§ß§ñ§ñ §Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§è§í §å§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Û, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §à§Õ§ß§à§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§ß§à §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å. §®§Ñ§Ü-§®§Ñ§Ô§à§ß §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ö§â§ñ§Ý, §é§ä§à ?§£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§Ñ §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ä§î §Ú §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ä§î §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó §Ó§à §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§Ñ§ç §Ó §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ç §Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§è, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §Õ§à§Ò§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ê§Ö§â§Ú§æ §®§Ö§Ü§Ü§Ú?.

§¥§Ý§ñ §ä§à§Ô§à §é§ä§à§Ò§í §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Ö§ñ§ä§î §á§à§Õ§à§Ù§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó, §Ó§à§Ù§ß§Ú§Ü§ê§Ú§Ö §Ó §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §â§Ö§Ó§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§Ú 1917 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §³§Ñ§Û§Ü§ã§Ñ-§±§Ú§Ü§à, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ß§Ö§Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§â§Ö§é§Ú§Ó§í§ç §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §à §Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ö (§ã§Þ. §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý II, §ß§Ú§Ø§Ö) §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §ß§à§Ó§í§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à§ä§ß§à§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Ô§à §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Û.

§£ §ã§á§Ö§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú (§à§ä 4 §ñ§ß§Ó§Ñ§â§ñ 1918 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ) §Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §Ý§Ú§é§ß§à §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Þ §Ü§à§Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§Þ §¥§ï§Ó§Ú§Õ§à§Þ §¥§Ø§à§â§Õ§Ø§Ö§Þ §·§à§Ô§Ñ§â§ä§à§Þ §ê§Ö§â§Ú§æ§å §·§å§ã§Ö§Û§ß§å, §å§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î, §é§ä§à ?§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§í §¡§ß§ä§Ñ§ß§ä§í §â§Ö§ê§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ñ§ð§ä §Ù§Ñ §ä§à, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Û §â§Ñ§ã§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ñ §á§à§Ý§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§à§Ó§ä§à§â§ß§à§Ô§à §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ó §Þ§Ú§â§Ö… §¹§ä§à §Ø§Ö §Ü§Ñ§ã§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §ä§à §Þ§í §â§Ö§ê§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §à§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ô§Ñ§Ö§Þ §á§à§Õ§é§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ §Õ§â§å§Ô§à§Þ§å?3.

§¹§Ö§â§Ö§Ù §ê§Ö§ã§ä§î §Þ§Ö§ã§ñ§è§Ö§Ó §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §ä§à§Ô§à, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ó§à§Û§ã§Ü§Ñ §Ô§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §¡§Ý§Ý§Ö§ß§Ò§Ú §Ù§Ñ§ß§ñ§Ý§Ú §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ, §Ó §Õ§â§å§Ô§à§Û §Õ§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §Ü§Ñ§ã§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Û§ã§ñ ?§â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§à§Ó, §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ó§ê§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §â§Ñ§ß§Ö§Ö §á§à§Õ §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§î§ð §°§ä§ä§à§Þ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ú§Ú §Ú §à§Ü§Ü§å§á§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Ó §ç§à§Õ§Ö §ß§í§ß§Ö§ê§ß§Ö§Û §Ó§à§Û§ß§í §ã§à§ð§Ù§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ó§à§Û§ã§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ú? §á§â§à§Ó§à§Ù§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î?… §Ø§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú §ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §¦§Ô§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ö§Ô§à, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ï§ä§Ú§ç §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§à§Ó §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §ß§Ñ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ö §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§Ñ §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§Þ§í§ç, §Ú §ï§ä§Ñ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ñ §Ú §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä§î §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ü§å §å §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §¦§Ô§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ?4.

§¢§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §á§à§Õ§â§à§Ò§ß§à §Ú §Ü§à§ß§Ü§â§Ö§ä§ß§à §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ü§Ñ§ã§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Ö§ã§ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û, §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ú §æ§â§Ñ§ß§è§å§Ù§ã§Ü§à§Û §ã§æ§Ö§â §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Ú§Ù§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§í §Ó §ã§à§Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§à§Û §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§à-§æ§â§Ñ§ß§è§å§Ù§ã§Ü§à§Û §Õ§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú (§à§ä 7 §ß§à§ñ§Ò§â§ñ 1918 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ) (§Ô§Õ§Ö §á§à-§á§â§Ö§Ø§ß§Ö§Þ§å §á§à§Õ§â§Ñ§Ù§å§Þ§Ö§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î, §é§ä§à §ä§Ö§â§Þ§Ú§ß ?§³§Ú§â§Ú§ñ? §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§Ö§ä §­§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß §Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å):

?§¬§à§ß§Ö§é§ß§Ñ§ñ §è§Ö§Ý§î, §å§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§Þ§Ñ§ñ §¶§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ú§Ö§Û §Ú §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Û §Ó §Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ú§Þ§Ú §Ó§à§Û§ß§í §ß§Ñ §£§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§Ö, §Ó§ã§á§í§ç§ß§å§Ó§ê§Ö§Û §Ó§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §ß§Ö§Þ§Ö§è§Ü§Ú§Û §å§ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Û, §ã§à§ã§ä§à§Ú§ä §Ó §á§à§Ý§ß§à§Þ §Ú §à§Ü§à§ß§é§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ §à§ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú [§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§ç] §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§à§Ó §Ú §Ó §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó §Ú §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Û, §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç §ã§Ó§à§Ú §á§à§Ý§ß§à§Þ§à§é§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§Ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú§ß§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§à§Û §Ú §Ó§í§Ò§à§â§Ñ §ä§å§Ù§Ö§Þ§ß§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ.

§¥§Ý§ñ §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ï§ä§Ú§ç §ß§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §¶§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ú§ñ §Ú §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ú §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ã§à§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §Ó §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§í§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó §Ú §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ó §³§Ú§â§Ú§Ú §Ú §®§Ö§ã§à§á§à§ä§Ñ§Þ§Ú§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §à§ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§í §ã§à§ð§Ù§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §â§Ñ§Ó§ß§à §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ú §Ó §ä§Ö§ç §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ§ç, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §à§ß§Ú §ã§ä§Ñ§â§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §à§ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§Ú§ä§î §Ú §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ä§î §Ú§ç, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §à§ß§Ú §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§í?5.

§¬§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä §á§à §Ú§Ù§å§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §á§Ö§â§Ö§á§Ú§ã§Ü§Ú §·§å§ã§Ö§Û§ß§Ñ §Ú §®§Ñ§Ü-§®§Ñ§Ô§à§ß§Ñ

§·§à§ä§ñ §¡§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ §ß§Ö§Õ§Ó§å§ã§Þ§í§ã§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§Ú §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú, §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §à§Ü§à§ß§é§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§à§Û§ß§í §à§ß§Ñ, §ä§Ö§Þ §ß§Ö §Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§Ö, §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §å§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ä§î, §Ò§å§Õ§ä§à §ï§ä§Ú §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§Ú §ß§Ö §â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §ß§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å, §é§ä§à §Ó§í§Ù§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à §á§â§à§ä§Ö§ã§ä §ã§à §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ý§Ú§Õ§Ö§â§à§Ó.

§£ §ç§à§Õ§Ö §á§Ö§â§Ö§á§Ú§ã§Ü§Ú §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §·§å§ã§Ö§Û§ß§à§Þ §Ú §®§Ñ§Ü-§®§Ñ§Ô§à§ß§à§Þ §¡§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§ñ §Ó§ã§ñ§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §ß§Ñ §Ú§ã§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ú§Ù §é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ñ §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Û, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§í §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§ä§î §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î, §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§à§Ó, §Þ§à§ä§Ú§Ó§Ú§â§å§ñ §ï§ä§à §ä§Ö§Þ, §é§ä§à §Ù§Õ§Ö§ã§î ?§Ù§Ñ§ä§â§Ñ§Ô§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§í §ß§Ñ§ê§Ö§Ô§à §ã§à§ð§Ù§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ §¶§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ú§Ú?. §º§Ö§â§Ú§æ §·§å§ã§Ö§Û§ß §Ú§ã§á§à§Õ§Ó§à§Ý§î §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§ã§ñ §à§ä§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ, §ß§à §ß§Ö §à§Ü§à§ß§é§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à, §à§ä §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó §à §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú §ï§ä§à§Þ§å §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§å, §à§ä§Þ§Ö§ä§Ú§Ó §á§â§Ú §ï§ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à ?§å§Ó§Ñ§Ø§Ñ§Ö§Þ§í§Û §Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §Ò§í§ä§î §å§Ó§Ö§â§Ö§ß, §é§ä§à §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §à§Ü§à§ß§é§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ï§ä§à§Û §Ó§à§Û§ß§í §Þ§í §á§â§Ú §á§Ö§â§Ó§à§Û §Ø§Ö §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§à§á§â§à§ã§Ú§Þ §Ó§Ö§â§ß§å§ä§î §ß§Ñ§Þ §ä§à (§à§ä §é§Ö§Ô§à §Þ§í §à§ä§Ó§à§â§Ñ§é§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§Þ§ã§ñ §ã§Ö§Ô§à§Õ§ß§ñ), §é§ä§à §Þ§í §à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§Þ §¶§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ú§Ú §Ó §¢§Ö§Û§â§å§ä§Ö §Ú §ß§Ñ §Ö§Ô§à §á§à§Ò§Ö§â§Ö§Ø§î§Ö?.

§®§Ñ§Ü-§®§Ñ§Ô§à§ß §Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ú§Ý §à§Ò §ï§ä§à§Þ §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§Ö §Ü§Ñ§Ü §à ?§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §³§Ú§â§Ú§Ú, §â§Ñ§ã§á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Ü §Ù§Ñ§á§Ñ§Õ§å §à§ä §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§à§Ó §¥§Ñ§Þ§Ñ§ã§Ü§Ñ, §·§à§Þ§ã§Ñ, §·§Ñ§Þ§í §Ú §¡§Ý§Ö§á§á§à?. §²§Ö§é§î, §á§à-§Ó§Ú§Õ§Ú§Þ§à§Þ§å, §Ú§Õ§Ö§ä §à §á§â§Ú§Ò§â§Ö§Ø§ß§í§ç §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§Ñ§ç §ß§í§ß§Ö§ê§ß§Ö§Û §³§Ú§â§Ú§Ú §Ú §ã§Ö§Ó§Ö§â§ß§à§Û §é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §­§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ñ (§ã§Þ. §Ü§Ñ§â§ä§å §Ó §á§â§Ú§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú II), §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ñ §¶§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ú§ñ. §¯§Ñ §á§Ö§â§Ó§í§Û §Ó§Ù§Ô§Ý§ñ§Õ §Ü§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ò§å§Õ§ä§à §ã§ð§Õ§Ñ §ß§Ö §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ ¡ª §ç§à§â§à§ê§à §Ú§Ù§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§ß§í§Û, §Ú§Þ§Ö§ð§ë§Ú§Û §ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §ß§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß §ã §Õ§â§Ö§Ó§ß§Ö§Û §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§Ö§Û, §ã§Ó§ñ§ë§Ö§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §ä§â§Ö§ç §Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ú§ç §Þ§à§ß§à§ä§Ö§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §â§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ô§Ú§Û, §Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§è§í §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §á§â§Ú §à§ã§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ñ§ç §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§â§ß§à §ã§à§Ó§á§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ú §ã §Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§è§Ñ§Þ§Ú §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§Ô§à §ã§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ø§Ñ§Ü§Ñ §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ §Ú §ã§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ø§Ñ§Ü§à§Ó §¡§Ü§Ü§à §Ú §¢§Ñ§Ý§Ü§Ñ (§ã§Þ. §Ü§Ñ§â§ä§å §Ú §á§â§Ú§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú III).

§£ 1939 §Ô§à§Õ§å, §Ó§ã§Ü§à§â§Ö §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §à§Ò§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §á§Ö§â§Ö§á§Ú§ã§Ü§Ú §·§å§ã§Ö§Û§ß§Ñ §ã §®§Ñ§Ü-§®§Ñ§Ô§à§ß§à§Þ, §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ú§Ù§å§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ï§ä§à§Û §á§Ö§â§Ö§á§Ú§ã§Ü§Ú §Ò§í§Ý §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä §Ó §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ö §Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û. §°§Ò§Ö §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í §Ý§Ú§ê§î §á§à§Õ§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ú §ã§Ó§à§Ú §á§â§Ö§Ø§ß§Ú§Ö §ä§à§Ý§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §á§Ú§ã§Ö§Þ §·§å§ã§Ö§Û§ß§Ñ §Ú §®§Ñ§Ü-§®§Ñ§Ô§à§ß§Ñ, §ß§à §ß§Ö §ã§Þ§à§Ô§Ý§Ú §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§é§î §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§à §ï§ä§à§Þ§å §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§å, §ç§à§ä§ñ §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§Ô§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §Ó§ã§Ö §Ø§Ö §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ñ, §é§ä§à §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö

?…§å§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à§ä§ß§à§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §æ§â§Ñ§Ù§í ?§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §³§Ú§â§Ú§Ú, §Ý§Ö§Ø§Ñ§ë§Ö§Û §ß§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§á§Ñ§Õ §à§ä §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§à§Ó §¥§Ñ§Þ§Ñ§ã§Ü§Ñ, §·§Ñ§Þ§í, §·§à§Þ§ã§Ñ §Ú §¡§Ý§Ö§á§á§à?, §Ú§Þ§Ö§ð§ä §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§å§ð §ã§Ú§Ý§å, §é§Ö§Þ §ï§ä§à §Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §Õ§à §ã§Ú§ç §á§à§â… §à§ß§Ú §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ã §ä§Ö§Þ, §é§ä§à §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ñ §Ó §Ù§à§ß§å, §ß§Ñ §Ü§à§ä§à§â§å§ð §á§â§Ö§ä§Ö§ß§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý §ê§Ö§â§Ú§æ §®§Ö§Ü§Ü§Ú §Ó §Ö§Ô§à §á§Ú§ã§î§Þ§Ö §à§ä 14 §Ú§ð§Ý§ñ 1915 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ, §Ú §é§ä§à, §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ §ß§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §Ú§ã§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ñ §Ú§Ù §ï§ä§à§Û §Ù§à§ß§í §Ó §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ö§Û §á§Ö§â§Ö§á§Ú§ã§Ü§Ö, §à§ß§Ñ §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§Ñ §ã§é§Ú§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Ó §ä§å §Ù§à§ß§å, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§Ñ §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ä§î §Ú §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó. §°§ß§Ú §å§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ð§ä, §é§ä§à §á§â§Ú §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ö§Þ §á§à§ã§ä§â§à§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ã§Þ§í§ã§Ý§Ñ §á§Ö§â§Ö§á§Ú§ã§Ü§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §Ú§ã§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ñ. §¯§à §à§ß§Ú §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ, §é§ä§à §ä§Ö§Ü§ã§ä, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Þ §ï§ä§à §Ú§ã§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§à §Ó§í§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§à, §ß§Ö §Ò§í§Ý §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ §Ú §ß§Ö §Ó§í§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Þ §ã§à§Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Û, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ï§ä§à §Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §Ó §ä§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ?6.

§©§Ñ §Õ§Ú§á§Ý§à§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §æ§à§â§Þ§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ú §ã§Ü§â§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ä§à§Ô§à §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ñ, §é§ä§à §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ §ß§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §ñ§Ó§ß§à §Ú§ã§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ñ §Ú§Ù §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§Ñ, §ß§Ñ §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§Ú §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú. §°§ä§ß§à§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §Ø§Ö §á§Ö§â§Ö§á§Ú§ã§Ü§Ú §·§å§ã§Ö§Û§ß§Ñ §ã §®§Ñ§Ü-§®§Ñ§Ô§à§ß§à§Þ, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §à§Ò§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ü §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §à§á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§à-§æ§â§Ñ§ß§è§å§Ù§ã§Ü§à§Û §Õ§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ó §Õ§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ö §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§Û §Ó§í§Ó§à§Õ:

?§¬§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä, §à§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à, §ã§é§Ú§ä§Ñ§Ö§ä, §é§ä§à §Ú§Ù §ï§ä§Ú§ç §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §ã§à §Ó§ã§Ö§Û §à§é§Ö§Ó§Ú§Õ§ß§à§ã§ä§î§ð §ñ§Ó§ã§ä§Ó§å§Ö§ä, §é§ä§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §¦§Ô§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §ß§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§à §ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§ß§à §â§Ñ§ã§á§à§â§ñ§Ø§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§à§Û §Ò§Ö§Ù §å§é§Ö§ä§Ñ §á§à§Ø§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §Ú §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§à§Ó §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ú §é§ä§à §Ó§ã§Ö §ï§ä§Ú §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§í §Ò§í§ä§î §å§é§ä§Ö§ß§í §á§â§Ú §Ý§ð§Ò§à§Û §á§à§á§í§ä§Ü§Ö §à§è§Ö§ß§Ú§ä§î §ä§å §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§å§ð ¡ª §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à §à§ä §ä§à§Ý§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §á§Ö§â§Ö§á§Ú§ã§Ü§Ú ¡ª §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §¦§Ô§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý§à §ß§Ñ §ã§Ö§Ò§ñ §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§Ö §ï§ä§à§Û §á§Ö§â§Ö§á§Ú§ã§Ü§Ú?7.

17 §Ñ§á§â§Ö§Ý§ñ 1974 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Ý§à§ß§Õ§à§ß§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ ?§´§Ñ§Û§Þ§ã? §à§á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ó§í§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ü§Ú §Ú§Ù §ã§Ö§Ü§â§Ö§ä§ß§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ö§Þ§à§â§Ñ§ß§Õ§å§Þ§Ñ, §á§à§Õ§Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §¥§Ö§á§Ñ§â§ä§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§à§Þ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ü§Ú §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ú§ß§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ö§Ý §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§Ô§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §ß§Ñ §±§Ñ§â§Ú§Ø§ã§Ü§à§Û §Þ§Ú§â§ß§à§Û §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú. §£§í§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ü§Ñ, §Ü§Ñ§ã§Ñ§ð§ë§Ñ§ñ§ã§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§ä:

?§£ §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §¦§Ô§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý§à §ß§Ñ §ã§Ö§Ò§ñ §Ó §á§Ú§ã§î§Þ§Ö §ã§ï§â§Ñ §¤§Ö§ß§â§Ú §®§Ñ§Ü-§®§Ñ§Ô§à§ß§Ñ §à§ä 24 §à§Ü§ä§ñ§Ò§â§ñ 1915 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §ß§Ñ §Ú§Þ§ñ §ê§Ö§â§Ú§æ§Ñ §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ú§ä§î §Ö§Ö §Ó §Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§è§í §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Û §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ñ §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î… §ß§à §à§ß§à §Ú§Ù§Ý§à§Ø§Ú§Ý§à §ã§Ó§à§ð §á§à§Ù§Ú§è§Ú§ð §à§ä§ß§à§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §ã§Ó§ñ§ë§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ú §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ó §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Þ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §à§ä 4 §ñ§ß§Ó§Ñ§â§ñ 1918 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §ß§Ñ §Ö§Ô§à §Ú§Þ§ñ?.

§£ §á§â§Ú§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ü §Þ§Ö§Þ§à§â§Ñ§ß§Õ§å§Þ§å §å§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ:

?§£§ã§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ… §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ç §Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§è, §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç, §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§ß§à §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Þ §ê§Ö§â§Ú§æ§å §·§å§ã§Ö§Û§ß§å §à§Ò§Ö§ë§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ, §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §¦§Ô§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ä§î, §ã§à§Ò§Ý§ð§Õ§Ñ§ä§î §Ú §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó?.

§±§â§à§æ§Ö§ã§ã§à§â §¡§â§ß§à§Ý§î§Õ §´§à§Û§ß§Ò§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §Ó§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §Þ§Ú§â§ß§à§Û §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú §Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§à§Þ §à §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ò§å§Õ§å§é§Ú §ã§à§ä§â§å§Õ§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Þ §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ú§ß§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ö§Ý, §á§Ú§ã§Ñ§Ý §Ó 1968 §Ô§à§Õ§å:

?…§ß§Ñ§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §ñ §Þ§à§Ô§å §ã§å§Õ§Ú§ä§î §Ú§Ù §á§Ö§â§Ö§á§Ú§ã§Ü§Ú §·§å§ã§Ö§Û§ß§Ñ §Ú §®§Ñ§Ü-§®§Ñ§Ô§à§ß§Ñ, §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §ß§Ö §Ú§ã§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§Ý§à §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å §Ú§Ù §Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§è §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§Ñ, §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ô§à §à§ß§à §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§ß§à §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Þ§å §Ü§à§â§à§Ý§ð §·§å§ã§Ö§Û§ß§å §à§Ò§Ö§ë§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§à §Ò§í§Ý§à §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ä§î §Ú §ã§à§Ò§Ý§ð§Õ§Ñ§ä§î §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó. §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§í §Þ§à§Ô§Ý§Ú, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ, §ã §á§à§Ý§ß§í§Þ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §á§à§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§ä§î, §é§ä§à §¡§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§ñ §Ó§Ù§ñ§Ý§Ñ §ß§Ñ §ã§Ö§Ò§ñ §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §á§à§Õ§Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§Ú§ä§î §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å §Ü §á§â§Ö§à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §Ó §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§Ö §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§à?8.

§¿§ä§Ú §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ä§à§Ô§à §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ñ, §é§ä§à §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §ß§Ö §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ý§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ ?§Ú§ã§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ä§î §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å?, §ã§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §Õ§Ö§ã§ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§ñ §ã§á§å§ã§ä§ñ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §ä§à§Ô§à, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §á§à §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ü §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ §à§ä§â§Ú§è§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ö §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§Þ §á§à§Õ§á§Ú§ã§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §³§Ñ§Û§Ü§ã§Ñ-§±§Ú§Ü§à, §ß§à §Ú §ä§Ö§Þ, §é§ä§à §Ó §ß§Ñ§â§å§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ö§à§ä§ì§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§Þ§í§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó §Ú §Ø§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §Õ§Ñ§Ý§à §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §Ý§Ú§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§Þ §ã§à§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ö§ß§ß§à §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§á§à§Ý§à§Ø§ß§í§Ö §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§Ú §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ ?§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ?, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §á§à§ã§Ö§ñ§Ý§Ú §ã§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§Ñ §Õ§Ý§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ý§Ú§Ü§ä§Ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö.

II. §¥§¦§¬§­§¡§²§¡§¸§ª§Á §¢§¡§­§¾§¶§µ§²§¡

§°§Ò §ï§ä§Ú§ç §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§ñ§ç §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§à §Ú§Ù§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§ß§à §Ú§Ù §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §à§á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Û §Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§à§Þ §Ú§ß§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ö§Ý §¡§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Ú §ã§ï§â§à§Þ §¡§â§ä§å§â§à§Þ §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§à§Þ (§à§ä §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ô§à §à§ß§Ñ §Ú §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§Ý§Ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ö §ß§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö):

?§®§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§â§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ú§ß§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ö§Ý, 2 §ß§à§ñ§Ò§â§ñ 1917 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ

?§µ§Ó§Ñ§Ø§Ñ§Ö§Þ§í§Û §Ý§à§â§Õ §²§à§ä§ê§Ú§Ý§î§Õ,

§ª§Þ§Ö§ð §é§Ö§ã§ä§î §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ä§î §£§Ñ§Þ §à§ä §Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §¦§Ô§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§å§ð §Õ§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ð , §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §Ó§í§â§Ñ§Ø§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ã§à§é§å§Ó§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §å§ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó , §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§å§ð §ß§Ñ §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ü§Ñ§Ò§Ú§ß§Ö§ä§Ñ §Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§à§Ó §Ú §Ú§Þ §à§Õ§à§Ò§â§Ö§ß§ß§å§ð:

? §±§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §¦§Ô§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §ã §à§Õ§à§Ò§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã §à §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ §Ú §á§â§Ú§Ý§à§Ø§Ú§ä §Ó§ã§Ö §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §ã§à§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ï§ä§à§Û §è§Ö§Ý§Ú; §á§â§Ú §ï§ä§à§Þ §ñ§ã§ß§à §á§à§Õ§â§Ñ§Ù§å§Þ§Ö§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ, §é§ä§à §ß§Ö §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§à §á§â§à§Ú§Ù§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Û, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Þ§à§Ô§Ý§Ú §Ò§í §ß§Ñ§â§å§ê§Ú§ä§î §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ú §â§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ô§Ú§à§Ù§ß§í§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §ß§Ö§Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ø§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §Ú §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§å§ã, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Þ§Ú §á§à§Ý§î§Ù§å§ð§ä§ã§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ú §Ó §Ý§ð§Ò§à§Û §Õ§â§å§Ô§à§Û §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö?.

§Á §Ò§í§Ý §Ò§í §Ó§Ö§ã§î§Þ§Ñ §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß §£§Ñ§Þ , §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §Ò§í §£§í §Õ§à§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú §ï§ä§å §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §Õ§à §ã§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §æ§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú.

§ª§ã§Ü§â§Ö§ß§ß§Ö §£§Ñ§ê,

§¡§â§ä§å§â §¥§Ø§Ö§Û§Þ§ã §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â?.

§±§Ö§â§Ö§à§è§Ö§ß§Ú§ä§î §á§Ö§â§Ó§à§ã§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§ß§å§ð §â§à§Ý§î, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§å§ð §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ §ã§í§Ô§â§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §ß§Ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ø§Õ§à§Þ §ï§ä§Ñ§á§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í, §ß§Ö§Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à. §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ý§Ñ §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ö§Û§ê§Ö§Ô§à §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ §ã§à§Ò§í§ä§Ú§Û §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö, §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ñ §Ó §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä. §¦§Ö §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§í§Ù§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à §ã§à§á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§à §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó §Ú §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§Ý§à §Ü §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð. §°§ß§Ñ §á§à§â§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ñ §ß§Ö§ã§Ü§à§ß§é§Ñ§Ö§Þ§í§Ö §ä§â§å§Õ§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú, §ã §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Þ§Ú §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Û §ã§ä§à§Ý§Ü§ß§å§Ý§ã§ñ §Ó §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ô§à§Õ§í §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ú§Ó §Õ§â§å§Ô §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ñ §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§é§Ñ§ß, §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó §Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó. §°§ß§Ñ §Ó §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö §Ü§à§ß§è§à§Ó §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ñ §Ü §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§å §Ú §á§à§â§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ñ §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§å§ð §ã§Ö§Ô§à§Õ§ß§ñ §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§å. §±§à§ï§ä§à§Þ§å, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §á§à§ß§ñ§ä§î §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§å §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à §Ú§Ù§å§é§Ú§ä§î §ï§ä§å §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ð, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§å§ð §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §ã§é§Ú§ä§Ñ§ä§î §Ú§ã§ä§à§é§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Þ §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í.

§ª§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö§á§è§Ú§Ú ?§Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ?

§¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ §ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §á§â§ñ§Þ§í§Þ §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§à§Þ §Õ§Ý§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§Û §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §á§à §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ.

§£§à§Ù§Þ§å§ë§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û §Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§ã§Ö§Þ§Ú§ä§Ú§Ù§Þ§à§Þ §Ú §á§à§Ô§â§à§Þ§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ó §£§à§ã§ä§à§é§ß§à§Û §¦§Ó§â§à§á§Ö, §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Õ§Ó§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §´§Ö§à§Õ§à§â §¤§Ö§â§è§Ý§î §á§Ú§ã§Ñ§Ý §Ó §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ö «Der Judenstaat» (§¦§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§à) §Ó 1896 §Ô§à§Õ§å:

?§ª§Õ§Ö§ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§å§ð §ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð §Ó §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Û §Ò§â§à§ê§ð§â§Ö, §Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ö§Ü§à §ß§Ö §ß§à§Ó§Ñ: §â§Ö§é§î §Ú§Õ§Ö§ä §à §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ.

§±§å§ã§ä§î §ß§Ñ§Þ §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§ñ§ä §ã§å§Ó§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ§Õ §Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Û-§Ý§Ú§Ò§à §é§Ñ§ã§ä§î§ð §Ù§Ö§Þ§ß§à§Ô§à §ê§Ñ§â§Ñ, §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ä§à§é§ß§à§Û §Õ§Ý§ñ §å§Õ§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ä§Ó§à§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§í§ç §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §à§Ò §à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ §Ø§Ö §Þ§í §á§à§Ù§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ú§Þ§ã§ñ §ã§Ñ§Þ§Ú?9.

§¤§Ö§â§è§Ý§î §å§á§à§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ§Ý §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å §Ú §¡§â§Ô§Ö§ß§ä§Ú§ß§å, §ß§à §å§Ø§Ö §ß§Ñ §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§Û §Ô§à§Õ §á§Ö§â§Ó§í§Û §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Ü§à§ß§Ô§â§Ö§ã§ã, §á§â§à§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ó§ê§Ú§Û §Ó §¢§Ñ§Ù§Ö§Ý§Ö, §á§â§à§Ó§à§Ù§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý, §é§ä§à §è§Ö§Ý§î§ð §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ ?§ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Ü§â§Ö§á§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §Ó §á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§é§ß§à§Þ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ?. §¤§Ö§â§è§Ý§î §á§Ú§ã§Ñ§Ý:

?§¦§ã§Ý§Ú §à§ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §¢§Ñ§Ù§Ö§Ý§î§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Ü§à§ß§Ô§â§Ö§ã§ã §Ó §Õ§Ó§å§ç §ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ§ç ¡ª §é§ä§à §ñ §à§ã§ä§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§å§ã§î §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ä§î §á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§é§ß§à, ¡ª §ä§à §ñ §ã§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Ý §Ò§í §ï§ä§à §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ: §£ §¢§Ñ§Ù§Ö§Ý§Ö §ñ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§à… §¦§ã§Ý§Ú §Ò§í §ñ §á§â§à§Ú§Ù§ß§Ö§ã §ï§ä§Ú §ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ §Ó§ã§Ý§å§ç §ã§Ö§Ô§à§Õ§ß§ñ, §ñ §Ò§í §á§à§Õ§Ó§Ö§â§Ô§ã§ñ §Ó§ã§Ö§à§Ò§ë§Ö§Þ§å §à§ã§Þ§Ö§ñ§ß§Ú§ð. §£§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à, §é§Ö§â§Ö§Ù 5 §Ý§Ö§ä §Ú §ß§Ñ§Ó§Ö§â§ß§ñ§Ü§Ñ §é§Ö§â§Ö§Ù 50 §à§Ò §ï§ä§à§Þ §Ó§ã§Ö §å§Ù§ß§Ñ§ð§ä?10.

§±§à§ã§Ý§Ö §ä§à§Ô§à §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §°§ä§ä§à§Þ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ú§Ú §à§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ô§Ý§Ú §Ö§Ô§à §Ú§Õ§Ö§Ú, §¤§Ö§â§è§Ý§î §à§Ò§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§ã§ñ §Ü §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ §¡§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Ú, §¤§Ö§â§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú, §¢§Ö§Ý§î§Ô§Ú§Ú §Ú §ª§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ú; §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ö§Ü§à §à§ä§ã§ä§à§ñ§ë§Ú§Ö §Õ§â§å§Ô §à§ä §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ñ §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§í, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §¬§Ú§á§â, §£§à§ã§ä§à§é§ß§Ñ§ñ §¡§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ §Ú §¬§à§ß§Ô§à, §à§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §ï§ä§Ú §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ §ß§Ö §å§Ó§Ö§ß§é§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §å§ã§á§Ö§ç§à§Þ. §³§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§à §à§ä§Ü§â§à§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §è§Ö§Ý§î§ð §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ, §Ü §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §å§á§à§â§ß§à §ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ú§Ý§ã§ñ §Õ-§â §·§Ñ§Ú§Þ §£§Ö§Û§è§Þ§Ñ§ß, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §à§ß §Ó§à§Ù§Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý §ï§ä§à §Õ§Ó§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö.

§´§Ñ§Ü §Ü§Ñ§Ü §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§ß§à§Û §é§Ñ§ã§ä§î§ð §°§ä§ä§à§Þ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ú§Ú, §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §à§ã§ä§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §á§â§à§Ó§à§Ù§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ñ§ä§î §ã§Ó§à§Ú §è§Ö§Ý§Ú, §à§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §â§Ö§Ó§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§Ú §Þ§Ý§Ñ§Õ§à§ä§å§â§Ü§à§Ó. §¦§Ö §é§Ý§Ö§ß§í §Ú§Ù§Ò§Ö§Ô§Ñ§Ý§Ú §ä§Ö§â§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ ?§Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§à? §Ú §Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ú§Ý§Ú §Ý§Ú§ê§î §à ?§â§à§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö?.

§±§à §ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ§Þ §ã§à§â§Ñ§ä§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ §¤§Ö§â§è§Ý§ñ §®§Ñ§Ü§ã§Ñ §¯§à§â§Õ§Ñ§å,

?§Á §ã§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Ý §Ó§ã§Ö, §é§ä§à §Þ§à§Ô, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §å§Ò§Ö§Õ§Ú§ä§î §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö, §é§ä§à §Þ§í §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§í §ß§Ñ§Û§ä§Ú §Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Û-§ä§à §ï§Ó§æ§Ö§Þ§Ú§Ù§Þ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §à§ä§â§Ñ§Ø§Ñ§Ý §Ò§í §Ó§ã§Ö, §é§ä§à §Þ§í §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ö§Þ §Ó §Ó§Ú§Õ§å, §ß§à §ä§Ñ§Ü, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §ß§Ö §á§â§à§Ó§à§è§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ä§å§â§Ö§è§Ü§Ú§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ø§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Û §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ú. §Á §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§à§Ø§Ú§Ý §Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú§ä§î §ã§Ý§à§Ó§à ?§Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§à? §ã§Ú§ß§à§ß§Ú§Þ§Ú§é§ß§í§Þ §ã§Ý§à§Ó§à§Þ «Heimst?tte». . . §´§Ñ§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §Ó§í§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §à §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Þ §ã§ä§à§Ý§î §Þ§ß§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§Ó§à§â§ñ§ä. §°§ß§à §Ò§í§Ý§à §Õ§Ó§å§ã§Þ§í§ã§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ, §ß§à §Þ§í §Ó§ã§Ö §á§à§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ý§Ú, §à §é§Ö§Þ §Ú§Õ§Ö§ä §â§Ö§é§î. §¥§Ý§ñ §ß§Ñ§ã §à§ß§à §à§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§à §ä§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §Ú §à§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ö§ä §ä§à §Ø§Ö §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§Ö §Ú §ã§Ö§Û§é§Ñ§ã?11 .

§±§à §ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ§Þ §¤§Ö§â§è§Ý§ñ:

?§¯§Ö§ä §ß§å§Ø§Õ§í §Ò§Ö§ã§á§à§Ü§à§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ [§á§à §á§à§Ó§à§Õ§å §ä§Ö§â§Þ§Ú§ß§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§Ú]. §£ §Ý§ð§Ò§à§Þ §ã§Ý§å§é§Ñ§Ö §Ý§ð§Õ§Ú §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §á§à§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§î §Ö§Ô§à §Ü§Ñ§Ü ?§Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§à?12.

§¡§Ó§ä§à§â§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§ß§í§Û §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§Ü §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ §­§Ö§à§ß§Ñ§â§Õ §º§ä§Ö§Û§ß §á§Ú§ê§Ö§ä:

?§¹§ä§à§Ò§í §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Ö§ñ§ä§î §Ú§ç §ß§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ö§â§Ú§Ö §Ü §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ§å, §ß§Ö §ß§å§Ø§ß§à §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö §Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ú§ä§î §à §Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Û-§ä§à §ç§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§Ú §Ú§Ý§Ú, §é§ä§à §Ö§ë§Ö §ç§å§Ø§Ö, §à §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§ñ§ç; §ä§Ö§Þ §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §ß§Ö §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§à §Ò§í§ä§î §á§à§Ó§à§Õ§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§à§Õ§à§Ù§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à §á§à§Õ§Ý§Ú§ß§ß§à§Û §è§Ö§Ý§î§ð §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Õ§Ó§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §à§ä§ä§à§â§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §à§ä §´§å§â§è§Ú§Ú §Ú §á§â§Ö§Ó§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ö§Ö §Ó §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§à. §·§à§ä§ñ §Ú §ã §ß§Ö§à§ç§à§ä§à§Û, §ß§à §Õ§Ñ§Ø§Ö §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö ?§á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú? §Ó§í§ß§å§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§í §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ä§î, §é§ä§à §Ú§Õ§Ö§Ú §¤§Ö§â§è§Ý§ñ §å§ã§ä§Ñ§â§Ö§Ý§Ú §Ú §é§ä§à §Õ§Ó§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§à §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú§ä§î §ä§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ü§å, §ß§Ö §à§ä§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ñ§ã§î §Ó §ä§à §Ø§Ö §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §à§ä §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §å§ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Û?13.

§©§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§â§å§Ô§à§Ô§à §Ó§Ú§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §á§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ý §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú§Ö §Ó §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä§Ñ §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §á§à§Ý§ß§à§Þ §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §ã §ï§ä§à§Û §ä§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ý§Ú§ß§Ú§Ö§Û:

?§±§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§Ú§Ü§Ú §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ §Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ú§Ý§Ú §Ú §á§à-§á§â§Ö§Ø§ß§Ö§Þ§å §å§á§à§â§ß§à §ä§Ó§Ö§â§Õ§ñ§ä, §é§ä§à §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ §ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §Ü §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§Ô§à ?§Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ?. §¯§à §ï§ä§à §ã§à§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ö§ß§ß§à §ß§Ö §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§å§Ö§ä §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú. ?§¦§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§à? §ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §ß§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§à §é§Ñ§ã§ä§î§ð §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§í?14.

§°§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ô§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Ý§Ú§ß§Ú§ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §à§é§Ö§Ó§Ú§Õ§ß§Ñ ¡ª §è§Ö§Ý§î§ð §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ §ã §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§à §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö. §±§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ó §ï§ä§Ú§ç §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ñ§ç §Ó §â§Ñ§ã§é§Ö§ä §ß§Ö §á§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î.

§°§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö§á§è§Ú§Ú §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à §Ò§í§Ý§à §á§Ö§â§Ö§ã§Ö§Ý§Ú§ä§î §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å. §²§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ô§Ú§à§Ù§ß§à§Ö §Ú §Õ§å§ç§à§Ó§ß§à§Ö §Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó §Ó §Õ§Ú§Ñ§ã§á§à§â§Ö §ã§à §³§Ó§ñ§ä§à§Û §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§Û §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ø§Ú§Ý§à §Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ. §ª §Ó§ã§Ö §Ø§Ö, §ß§Ö§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§ñ §ß§Ñ §Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§ã§Ö§Þ§Ú§ä§Ú§Ù§Þ §Ó §¦§Ó§â§à§á§Ö, §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ú §á§à§ã§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ý§Ú§ã§î §ä§Ñ§Þ §Ý§Ú§ê§î §ß§Ö§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §Ô§â§å§á§á§í §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó, §Õ§Ó§Ú§Ø§Ú§Þ§í§Ö §é§Ú§ã§ä§à §â§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ô§Ú§à§Ù§ß§í§Þ§Ú §é§å§Ó§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú. §¬ §Ü§à§ß§è§å XIX §ã§ä§à§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§ñ §Ú§ç §ß§Ñ§ã§é§Ú§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §à§Ü§à§Ý§à 50 §ä§í§ã. §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü, §Ú §à§ß§Ú §à§Ý§Ú§è§Ö§ä§Ó§à§â§ñ§Ý§Ú, §Ú§Ý§Ú §ã§Ú§Þ§Ó§à§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §á§à §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å §Ý§Ú§ê§î §Õ§å§ç§à§Ó§ß§å§ð §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§î §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó §ã §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§à§Û.

§ª§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à §ß§Ñ §ï§ä§à§Þ §Õ§â§Ö§Ó§ß§Ö§Þ §Õ§å§ç§à§Ó§ß§à§Þ §á§à§ä§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§Ö §Ú §ã§í§Ô§â§Ñ§Ý§Ú §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§í, §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§ñ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Õ§Ó§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö. §°§ß§Ú §Ó§í§Õ§Ó§Ú§ß§å§Ý§Ú §Ó§à§Ý§ß§å§ð§ë§Ú§Û §Õ§å§ê§å §Ý§à§Ù§å§ß§Ô:

?§©§Ö§Þ§Ý§ð §Ò§Ö§Ù §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ ¡ª §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§å §Ò§Ö§Ù §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ú?,

§Ú§Ô§ß§à§â§Ú§â§å§ñ §ä§à§ä §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä, §é§ä§à §Ü §Ü§à§ß§è§å §ã§ä§à§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §á§â§à§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à §å§Ø§Ö §ã§Ó§í§ê§Ö §á§à§Ý§å§Þ§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§à§ß§Ñ §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü, §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §à§ß§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §â§à§Õ§Ú§ß§à§Û. §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ú§Û §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Ô§å§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ã§ä §¡§ç§Ñ§Õ §·§Ñ§Ñ§Þ §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§Ñ§Ý §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §ß§Ñ§â§å§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ó §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ, §Ú §Ö§Ô§à §ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ §ç§à§â§à§ê§à §Ú§Ù§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§ß§í §Ó §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ý§Ú§ä§Ö§â§Ñ§ä§å§â§Ö.

?… §¡§ç§Ñ§Õ §·§Ñ§Ñ§Þ §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§á§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ñ§Ý, §é§ä§à §á§à§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§è§í §ß§Ú §á§â§Ú §Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §à§Ò§ã§ä§à§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§ç §ß§Ö §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§í §Ó§à§Ù§Ò§å§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ä§î §Ô§ß§Ö§Ó §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§í§ç §Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û… §¯§à §é§ä§à §Ø§Ö §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ð§ä §ß§Ñ§ê§Ú §Ò§â§Ñ§ä§î§ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö? §±§â§ñ§Þ§à §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§á§à§Ý§à§Ø§ß§à§Ö! §°§ß§Ú §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ó §Õ§Ú§Ñ§ã§á§à§â§Ö §Ú §Ó§Õ§â§å§Ô §à§é§å§ä§Ú§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ó §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ§ç §ß§Ö§à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§í, §Ú §ï§ä§Ñ §á§Ö§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§Ñ §á§â§à§Ò§å§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ñ §Ó §ß§Ú§ç §ã§Ü§Ý§à§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ü §Õ§Ö§ã§á§à§ä§Ú§Ù§Þ§å. §°§ß§Ú §à§Ò§â§Ñ§ë§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ã §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ó§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ö§Ò§ß§à §Ú §Ø§Ö§ã§ä§à§Ü§à, §á§à§á§Ú§â§Ñ§ð§ä §Ú§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ, §Ò§Ö§ã§á§â§Ú§é§Ú§ß§ß§à §à§ã§Ü§à§â§Ò§Ý§ñ§ð§ä §Ú§ç §Ú §Õ§Ñ§Ø§Ö §á§à§ç§Ó§Ñ§Ý§ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ï§ä§Ú§Þ; §Ú §ß§Ú§Ü§ä§à §Ú§Ù §ß§Ñ§ã §ß§Ö §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §ï§ä§à§Û §Õ§à§ã§ä§à§Û§ß§à§Û §á§à§â§Ú§è§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§Û §ã§Ü§Ý§à§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú?…

…§´§à §Ø§Ö §à§ä§ã§å§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §á§à§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §à§ß §Ó§Ú§Õ§Ú§ä §Ó §á§â§à§Ó§à§Ù§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§ß§à§Þ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §á§â§à§æ§ã§à§ð§Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ò§à§Û§Ü§à§ä§Ö §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §â§Ñ§Ò§à§é§Ú§ç…? §±§à§Þ§Ú§Þ§à §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§å§ð §ï§ä§à §ä§Ñ§Ú§ä §Ó §ã§Ö§Ò§Ö, §ñ §ß§Ö §Þ§à§Ô§å §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ú§â§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §ã §Þ§í§ã§Ý§î§ð, §é§ä§à §ß§Ñ§ê§Ú §Ò§â§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Þ§à§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ß§í §Ó§Ö§ã§ä§Ú §ã§Ö§Ò§ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü §á§à §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ü §Ý§ð§Õ§ñ§Þ, §á§â§Ú§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ý§Ö§Ø§Ñ§ë§Ú§Þ §Ü §Õ§â§å§Ô§à§Þ§å §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§å, §Ú §Þ§ß§Ö §ß§Ö§Ó§à§Ý§î§ß§à §á§â§Ú§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä §ß§Ñ §å§Þ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Þ§í§ã§Ý§î: §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä §ã§Ö§Û§é§Ñ§ã, §ä§à §Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Ó§à §Ø§Ö §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ§ê§Ö §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ü §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Þ, §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §Þ§í §Ó §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö §Ü§à§ß§è§à§Ó §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §Õ§à§Ò§î§Ö§Þ§ã§ñ §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §ß§Ñ §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§ñ? §ª §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §ï§ä§à ?§Þ§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§ñ?, §ä§à §ñ §ß§Ö §ç§à§ä§Ö§Ý §Ò§í §Ó§Ú§Õ§Ö§ä§î §Ö§Ô§à §á§â§Ú§ê§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ.

§¡§ç§Ñ§Õ §·§Ñ§Ñ§Þ §Ó§Ö§â§ß§å§Ý§ã§ñ §Ü §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Û §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ö… §Ó §æ§Ö§Ó§â§Ñ§Ý§Ö 1914 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ… ?[§ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§í] §ã §Ô§ß§Ö§Ó§à§Þ §à§Ò§â§å§ê§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §ä§Ö§ç, §Ü§ä§à §ß§Ñ§á§à§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ú§Þ, §é§ä§à §ß§Ñ §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§ñ §Ø§Ú§Ó§Ö§ä §Ö§ë§Ö §Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô§à§Û §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §Ø§Ú§Ý §ä§Ñ§Þ §Ú §â§Ñ§ß§î§ê§Ö §Ú §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §Ó§à§Ó§ã§Ö §ß§Ö §ß§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß §á§à§Ü§Ú§Õ§Ñ§ä§î §Ö§Ö. §£ §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Þ, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §ï§ä§Ñ §Ú§Ý§Ý§ð§Ù§Ú§ñ §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Ö§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ú §à§ß§Ú §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ä§î §ß§Ñ §Ó§Ö§ë§Ú §â§Ö§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à, §à§ß§Ú §ß§Ö§ã§à§Þ§ß§Ö§ß§ß§à §á§à§Û§Þ§å§ä, §ã§Ü§à§Ý§î §Ó§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß §ï§ä§à§ä §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã §Ú §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ñ §ß§Ñ§ê§Ñ §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Õ§à§Ò§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ö§Ô§à §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ?15.

§¯§à §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ §á§â§Ú§ã§ä§å§á§Ú§Ý §Ü §â§Ö§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Ô§à §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ñ §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §á§â§Ú§Ù§í§Ó §¡§ç§Ñ§Õ§Ñ §·§Ñ§Ñ§Þ§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ß §Ù§Ñ§Ò§Ó§Ö§ß§Ú§ð.

§±§à§á§í§ä§Ü§Ú §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó §Ó§à§Ù§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ß§Ñ §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à

§£ §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§Ö §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§à§Ó §ã §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß §Õ-§â §£§Ö§Û§è§Þ§Ñ§ß §á§â§Ú§ê§Ö§Ý §Ü §Þ§í§ã§Ý§Ú §à §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§Ö §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö§Ø§Õ§í §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ §ß§Ñ §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§å§ð §Ó §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §ã §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §³§Ñ§Û§Ü§ã§Ñ-§±§Ú§Ü§à §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§à§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ä§î §á§à§Õ §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§à§à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§Ö§ä §Ó§à§Ù§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§ä§î §ß§Ñ §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð. §¢§í§Ý§Ú §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§í §Ü§à§ß§ä§Ñ§Ü§ä§í §ã §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §Ý§Ú§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §á§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§à §ã §­§Ý§à§Û§Õ §¥§Ø§à§â§Õ§Ø§Ö§Þ, §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ú§Þ §á§â§Ö§Þ§î§Ö§â-§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§à§Þ, §¡§â§ä§å§â§à§Þ §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§à§Þ, §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ú§Þ §Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§à§Þ §Ú§ß§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ö§Ý, §¤§Ö§â§Ò§Ö§â§ä§à§Þ §³§Ñ§Þ§ð§ï§Ý§Ö§Þ, §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ú§Þ §£§Ö§â§ç§à§Ó§ß§í§Þ §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ñ§â§à§Þ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §Ú §®§Ñ§â§Ü§à§Þ §³§Ñ§Û§Ü§ã§à§Þ. §£ 1915 §Ô§à§Õ§å §Ó §Þ§Ö§Þ§à§â§Ñ§ß§Õ§å§Þ§Ö, §à§Ù§Ñ§Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Þ ?§¢§å§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Ö §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í?, §³§Ñ§Þ§ð§ï§Ý§î §â§Ñ§ä§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý §Ù§Ñ:

?… §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§å§ð §Ñ§ß§ß§Ö§Ü§ã§Ú§ð §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, [§Ô§Õ§Ö] §Þ§í §Þ§à§Ô§Ý§Ú §Ò§í §á§à§ã§Ö§Ý§Ú§ä§î 3 §Ú§Ý§Ú 4 §Þ§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§à§ß§Ñ §Ö§Ó§â§à§á§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó?16.

§¤§à§Ó§à§â§ñ §à §Ü§à§ß§ä§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ñ§ç, §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §ã §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §Ý§Ú§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §£§Ö§Û§è§Þ§Ñ§ß, §Ó §é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú, §å§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä:

?§°§Õ§ß§à§Û §Ú§Ù §ß§Ñ§ê§Ú§ç §Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ñ§Û§ê§Ú§ç §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§à§Ü §Ò§í§Ý §ã§ï§â §®§Ñ§â§Ü §³§Ñ§Û§Ü§ã, §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§ß§í§Û §Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §Ü§Ñ§Ò§Ú§ß§Ö§ä§Ñ… §´§â§å§Õ§ß§à §á§Ö§â§Ö§é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ú§ä§î §Ó§ã§Ö §å§ã§Ý§å§Ô§Ú, §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §ß§Ñ§Þ §³§Ñ§Û§Ü§ã§à§Þ. §ª§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à §à§ß §á§â§Ú§Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Ý §ß§Ñ§ê§Ö§Û §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ö §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â. §°§ß §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §é§Ý§Ö§ß§à§Þ §ã§Ö§Ü§â§Ö§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Ñ§ä§Ñ §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §Ü§Ñ§Ò§Ú§ß§Ö§ä§Ñ, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û, §á§à§Þ§Ú§Þ§à §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç, §Ó§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ú §­§Ö§à§á§à§Ý§î§Õ §¿§Þ§Ö§â§Ú, §°§â§Þ§ã§Ò§Ú-§¤§à§â §Ú §²§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§Õ §³§ä§à§â§ã. §¦§ã§Ý§Ú §Ò§í §ß§Ö §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ä§í §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §³§Ñ§Û§Ü§ã, §Þ§í, §ß§Ö §Ú§Þ§Ö§ñ §à§á§í§ä§Ñ §á§â§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§Ý§à§Ø§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ú§á§Ý§à§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§à§Ó, §ß§Ö§ã§à§Þ§ß§Ö§ß§ß§à, §ã§à§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ú§Ý§Ú §Ò§í §Þ§ß§à§Ô§à §à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§í§ç §à§ê§Ú§Ò§à§Ü. §¯§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ä§à§Ó §ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ö§ä §à§é§Ö§Ó§Ú§Õ§ß§à§Û §á§â§Ú §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ã§Ý§à§Ø§ß§í§ç §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §å§Ø§Ö §ä§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §Ó§à§Ù§ß§Ú§Ü§Ý§Ú §Ó §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ú §ã§à §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§å§ã§à§Þ §¢§Ý§Ú§Ø§ß§Ö§Ô§à §£§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§Ñ?17.

§³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ý§Ú§Õ§Ö§â§í §á§à§Õ§é§Ö§â§Ü§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ó§í§Ô§à§Õ§í §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ô§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â§Ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§ä §¡§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§ñ §Ó §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§Ö §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö. §£ §Õ§Ñ§ä§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Þ 1914 §Ô§à§Õ§à§Þ §á§Ú§ã§î§Þ§Ö §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Þ§å §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§ß§Ú§Ü§å §£§Ö§Û§è§Þ§Ñ§ß §á§Ú§ã§Ñ§Ý:

?…§Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ §á§à§á§Ñ§Õ§Ö§ä §Ó §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§å§ð §ã§æ§Ö§â§å §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §¡§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§ñ §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ù§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§Û §à§ä §¡§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Ú §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ§Ú, §ä§à §é§Ö§â§Ö§Ù 20-30 §Ý§Ö§ä §å §ß§Ñ§ã. §Ò§í§Ý §Ò§í §ä§Ñ§Þ §Þ§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§à§ß §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó, §Ñ §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §Ò§í§ä§î §Ú §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö; §à§ß§Ú … §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§Ý§Ú §Ò§í §Ó §Ó§í§ã§ê§Ö§Û §ã§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§Ú §ï§æ§æ§Ö§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§å§ð §à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§å §³§å§ï§è§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ñ?18.

§£ §Õ§â§å§Ô§à§Þ §á§Ú§ã§î§Þ§Ö §£§Ö§Û§è§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ñ §Ù§Ñ 1916 §Ô§à§Õ §Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ú§ä§ã§ñ:

?… §¡§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Ü§Ñ§Ò§Ú§ß§Ö§ä §ß§Ö §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §ã §ã§Ú§Þ§á§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ö§Û §à§ä§ß§à§ã§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §Ü §å§ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö, §ß§à §Ú §ç§à§ä§Ö§Ý §Ò§í, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §ï§ä§Ú §å§ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §á§â§Ö§ä§Ó§à§â§Ö§ß§í §Ó §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§î…

§¡§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§ñ… §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §Ò§í §Ó §Ý§Ú§è§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§ç §ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö§Ø§ß§í§ç §Õ§â§å§Ù§Ö§Û, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Ò§í §Ý§å§é§ê§Ú§Þ§Ú §á§â§à§Ó§à§Õ§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ö§Ö §Ú§Õ§Ö§Û §Ó §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ§ç §£§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§Ñ §Ú §ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ú§Ý§Ú §Ò§í §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§å§ð§ë§Ú§Þ §Ù§Ó§Ö§ß§à§Þ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §Õ§Ó§å§Þ§ñ §è§Ú§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú. §¿§ä§à, §â§Ñ§Ù§å§Þ§Ö§Ö§ä§ã§ñ, §ß§Ö §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§Û §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§í§Û §Ñ§â§Ô§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä, §ß§à §Ý§ð§Ò§à§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ú§ä §ß§Ñ 50 §Ý§Ö§ä §Ó§á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ, §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ö§ß §á§â§Ú§Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ï§ä§à§Þ§å §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§à§Ö §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö?19.

§³§Ñ§Û§Ü§ã §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý §à§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à §è§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §å§ã§Ý§å§Ô§Ú §£§Ö§Û§è§Þ§Ñ§ß§å §Ú §Ö§Ô§à §Ü§à§Ý§Ý§Ö§Ô§Ñ§Þ, §Ó §á§Ö§â§Ó§å§ð §à§é§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§î §¯§Ñ§å§Þ§å §³§à§Ü§à§Ý§à§Ó§å, §á§í§ä§Ñ§ñ§ã§î §å§Ò§Ö§Õ§Ú§ä§î §¶§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ú§ð §à§ä§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §à§ä §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§ç §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §á§â§Ú§ä§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §Ó §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ö, §ß§Ñ§Õ §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Þ §Ó §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §ã §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §³§Ñ§Û§Ü§ã§Ñ-§±§Ú§Ü§à, §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§à §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ú§ä§î §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§Û §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§î. §±§Ö§â§Ó§à§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §¶§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ö§ä§Ö§ß§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §ß§Ñ §Ó§ã§ð §³§Ú§â§Ú§ð, §Ó §ä§à§Þ §é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ö §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å, §ß§Ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ö §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §à§ß§Ñ §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Ý§Ú§ê§î §á§à§Õ §ã§Ú§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §ß§Ñ§Ø§Ú§Þ§à§Þ §¡§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Ú. §³§Ñ§Û§Ü§ã §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ä§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý ?§ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§Ñ§Þ §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§ä§î §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§í §ã §Ô-§ß§à§Þ §±§Ú§Ü§à §Ú §å§Ò§Ö§Õ§Ú§ä§î §æ§â§Ñ§ß§è§å§Ù§à§Ó?20 §à§ä§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §à§ä §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §Ú §ã§à§á§â§à§Ó§à§Ø§Õ§Ñ§Ý §³§à§Ü§à§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ §Ó§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §Ö§Ô§à §á§à§Ö§Ù§Õ§Ü§Ú §Ó §±§Ñ§â§Ú§Ø, §Õ§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ§í§Ó§Ñ§ñ §à §ç§à§Õ§Ö §Ó§í§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ï§ä§à§Û §Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§â§ã§ä§Ó§å §Ú§ß§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ö§Ý. §³§à§Ü§à§Ý§à§Ó §ã§à§à§Ò§ë§Ú§Ý §±§Ú§Ü§à, §é§ä§à ?§Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ú §Õ§Ñ§Ó§ß§à §â§Ñ§ã§ã§é§Ú§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §ß§Ñ §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§å§Ó§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§Ñ §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ?21 , §ß§à §±§Ú§Ü§à §Ü§à§Ý§Ö§Ò§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ, §ã§ã§í§á§Ñ§ñ§ã§î §ß§Ñ §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§í §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó.

§º§ä§Ö§Û§ß §Ó§ã§á§à§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ§Ö§ä, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §á§Ñ§â§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ó§à§Ù§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §æ§â§Ñ§ß§è§å§Ù§à§Ó:

?§±§Ý§Ñ§ß §Ü§Ñ§Þ§á§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý §å§Ø§Ö §Ó§í§â§Ú§ã§à§Ó§í§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ. §£§Ö§Û§è§Þ§Ñ§ß §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ö§ß §Ò§í§Ý §á§â§Ú§ã§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ü §³§Ñ§Û§Ü§ã§å §Ó §¦§Ô§Ú§á§ä§Ö, §Ú, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §á§â§Ú§Õ§Ö§ä §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ, §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §ã §ß§Ú§Þ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å. §³§à§Ü§à§Ý§à§Ó §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ö§ß §Ò§í§Ý §á§à§á§í§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ä§î §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§á§â§Ú§ñ§ä§ß§å§ð §Ñ§ä§Þ§à§ã§æ§Ö§â§å §Ó §±§Ñ§â§Ú§Ø§Ö, §Ô§Õ§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §ß§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§à §ã§Ü§Ý§à§ß§ß§à §á§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§î §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó §Ó§ã§Ö§â§î§Ö§Ù, §Ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ý§Ú§Õ§Ö§â§í §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö§Û §é§Ñ§ã§ä§î§ð §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§â§à§Ö§ß§í §à§ä§Ü§â§à§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à §Ó§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ö§Ò§ß§à. §£ §ç§à§Õ§Ö §Ó§í§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Û §Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §³§à§Ü§à§Ý§à§Ó §ã§à§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ñ§Ý §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§á§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §á§à§Ö§Ù§Õ§Ü§Ú §Ó §²§Ú§Þ, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Ó §±§Ñ§â§Ú§Ø. §±§â§Ö§Õ§á§à§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§î §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §ä§à§Ô§à, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §Ù§Ñ§â§å§é§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ü§à§Û §Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ú §â§å§ã§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó, §Ú, §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à, §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó §ï§ä§Ú§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß, §Ó §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö §Ó§í§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ä§Ö§á§Ö§â§î §å§Ø§Ö §à§ä§Ü§â§í§ä§à §Ó§í§Õ§Ó§Ú§ß§å§ä§à§Û §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§í ¡ª §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §á§à§Õ §ï§Ô§Ú§Õ§à§Û §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ã§à§à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö. §³§Ñ§Û§Ü§ã, §ã§à §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Û §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í, §Ò§í§Ý §Ô§à§ä§à§Ó §Õ§à§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§Ú §Õ§à §ã§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §±§Ú§Ü§à, §é§ä§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ñ §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ß§Ñ §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Þ §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Þ §ã§å§Ó§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§Ö §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ú §é§ä§à §æ§â§Ñ§ß§è§å§Ù§Ñ§Þ §á§â§Ú§Õ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ú§â§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §ã §ä§Ö§Þ, §é§ä§à §Ú§ç §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ö §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §å§Õ§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ä§Ó§à§â§Ö§ß§í?22 .

§£ §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö §Ü§à§ß§è§à§Ó, §æ§â§Ñ§ß§è§å§Ù§à§Ó §å§Õ§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §å§Ò§Ö§Õ§Ú§ä§î §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ ?§Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§å§ð §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö?23 §Ú §à§ä§Õ§Ñ§ä§î §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å §á§à§Õ §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§î §¡§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Ú.

§²§Ñ§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ü§Ñ §á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä§Ñ §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú

§£§Ö§Û§è§Þ§Ñ§ß §á§Ú§ê§Ö§ä:

?§´§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ, §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §á§Ö§â§Ö§Û§ä§Ú §Ü §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ§Þ §Ú §Õ§à§Ò§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §ä§à§Ô§à, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §á§â§à§Ó§à§Ù§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§à §ã§Ó§à§ð §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§å §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í; §Ó §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö §ñ§ß§Ó§Ñ§â§ñ 1917 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý §ã§ï§â§å §®§Ñ§â§Ü§å §³§Ñ§Û§Ü§ã§å §á§à§Õ§Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û §ß§Ñ§ê§Ú§Þ §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§à§Þ §Þ§Ö§Þ§à§â§Ñ§ß§Õ§å§Þ, §Ú §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ý §ã §ß§Ú§Þ §ß§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ó§Ñ§â§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §Ó§ã§ä§â§Ö§é…

§¥§à§Ü§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä §ß§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ: ?§±§â§Ö§Õ§Ó§Ñ§â§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §ß§Ñ§Ò§â§à§ã§à§Ü §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§í §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ó §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §ã §é§Ñ§ñ§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Õ§Ó§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ?. §¦§Ô§à §á§Ö§â§Ó§í§Û §á§å§ß§Ü§ä §Ü§Ñ§ã§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ:

§¦§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í (§á§à§Õ §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Þ §Ó §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§Ö §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §á§à§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ß§í§ß§Ö§ê§ß§Ö§Ö, §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ú §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö) §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ-§ã§ð§Ù§Ö§â§Ö§ß§à§Þ §Ó §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ú §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ó §ï§ä§à§Û §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ§Ú §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú, §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ú §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú. §¤§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§à-§ã§ð§Ù§Ö§â§Ö§ß §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ø§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ú §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö?24.

§º§ä§Ö§Û§ß §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ §à§á§Ú§ã§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ü§à§ß§ã§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §ã §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ö§Û:

?2 §æ§Ö§Ó§â§Ñ§Ý§ñ 1917 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §ã§ï§â §®§Ñ§â§Ü §³§Ñ§Û§Ü§ã §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú§Ö §Ó §Ù§Ñ§ã§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ó §­§à§ß§Õ§à§ß§Ö… §æ§à§â§Þ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §Ó §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§à§Ô§à §Ý§Ú§è§Ñ, §ß§à §à§ß §Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ý §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §Ú§ß§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ö§Ý §Ú §Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§Ý §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§å§ð §â§à§Ý§î §Ó §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §ß§Ñ §¢§Ý§Ú§Ø§ß§Ö§Þ §£§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§Ö. §¬§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ñ 2 §æ§Ö§Ó§â§Ñ§Ý§ñ §ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§à§Þ §Õ§Ý§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§Ò§Þ§Ö§ß§Ñ §Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ö§Û §Ú §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ… §£ §Ú§ð§Ý§Ö 1917 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ú §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§å §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§í§Ö §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§í §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Û §Õ§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú. §£ §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §ã §ï§ä§Ú§Þ§Ú §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§í§Þ§Ú §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§Ñ§Þ§Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î ?§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §à§é§Ñ§Ô§à§Þ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ?; §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö ?§Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §Ü§à§â§á§à§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §á§à §Ù§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ú §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Þ§å §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ð §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í?. §±§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ó§í§Õ§Ó§Ú§ß§å§Ý§à §ã§Ó§à§Û §á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §Ý§Ö§Ô §Ó §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§å… §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ?25.

§£ §à§Ò§ë§Ö§Û §ã§Ý§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ú §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Õ§Ó§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ú §Ú §à§Ò§ã§å§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ú §ê§Ö§ã§ä§î §á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä§à§Ó, §á§â§Ú§é§Ö§Þ §Õ§à §ä§à§Ô§à, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â §Ú§ß§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ö§Ý §à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý §Ó §ß§à§ñ§Ò§â§Ö 1917 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §à§Ü§à§ß§é§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §ä§Ö§Ü§ã§ä §Õ§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §Ò§í§Ý§à §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ö§ß§à §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ö §³§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §º§ä§Ñ§ä§à§Ó. §±§â§à§è§Ö§ã§ã §ï§ä§à§ä §Ò§í§Ý §à§á§Ú§ã§Ñ§ß §ß§Ö §à§Õ§ß§Ú§Þ §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§â§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§ß§í§Þ §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§Ü§à§Þ26. §¯§Ú§Ü§ä§à §Ú §ß§Ö §á§à§Õ§å§Þ§Ñ§Ý §á§â§à§Ü§à§ß§ã§å§Ý§î§ä§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §ã §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ñ§Þ§Ú.

§°§Ü§à§ß§é§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §ä§Ö§Ü§ã§ä §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ò§í§Ý §á§à§Õ§Ó§Ö§â§Ô§ß§å§ä §ä§ë§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ§å §Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§å. §±§â§Ö§Þ§î§Ö§â-§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â §Ô-§ß §­§Ý§à§Û§Õ §¥§Ø§à§â§Õ§Ø §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §å§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ð§ä, §é§ä§à §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ ?… §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §á§à§Õ§Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ñ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §Õ§à§Ý§Ô§à§Ô§à §à§Ò§ã§å§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ö §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §Ö§Ö §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â§Ñ, §ß§à §Ú §Ö§Ö §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §æ§à§â§Þ§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§à§Ü?27. §¥§Ø§Ö§æ§æ§â§Ú§ã §å§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ø§Õ§Ñ§Ö§ä:

?… §±§Ö§â§Ó§à§Ö, §é§ä§à §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§Ö§ä §ã§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§î §à §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ, §ï§ä§à §ä§à, §é§ä§à §à§ß§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §á§â§à§Õ§å§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ñ §Õ§à §Þ§Ö§Ý§î§é§Ñ§Û§ê§Ú§ç §á§à§Õ§â§à§Ò§ß§à§ã§ä§Ö§Û, §á§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö §é§Ö§Þ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ñ. §£ §ß§Ö§Û §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§à 67 §ã§Ý§à§Ó §Ú §Ü§Ñ§Ø§Õ§à§Ö.., §á§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö §é§Ö§Þ §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ú§ä§î §Ö§Ô§à §Ó §ä§Ö§Ü§ã§ä, §Õ§à§Ý§Ô§à §à§Ò§ã§å§Ø§Õ§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î?27.

§³§ä§à§Ý§î §ä§ë§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ñ §ß§Ñ§Õ §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä§Ñ §á§â§Ú§à§Ò§â§Ö§ä§Ñ§Ö§ä §à§ã§à§Ò§à§Ö §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à §á§à§ä§à§Þ§å, §é§ä§à §Ó §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§Ö §ï§ä§à§Û §Õ§Ý§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §Ú §ä§ë§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§í, §á§à§ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§ã§ñ §Õ§à§Ü§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä, §á§à§â§Ñ§Ø§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Û §ã§Ó§à§Ú§Þ§Ú §Õ§Ó§å§ã§Þ§í§ã§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§ñ§Þ§Ú. §±§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§Þ §ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ §º§ä§Ö§Û§ß§Ñ:

?§¹§ä§à §Ø§Ö §à§Ò§Ö§ë§Ñ§Ý§Ú §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§Ñ§Þ? §´§Ö§Ü§ã§ä §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §å§Þ§í§ê§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß §Ó §â§Ñ§ã§á§Ý§í§Ó§é§Ñ§ä§í§ç §Ó§í§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§ç, §Ú §ß§Ú §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§é§Ñ§ß§Ö, §ß§Ú §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§í §ß§Ö §Ô§à§â§Ö§Ý§Ú §ä§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §Ø§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§à§Ü§à §Ó§ß§Ú§Ü§ß§å§ä§î §Ó §ã§å§ä§î §Ö§Ö §æ§à§â§Þ§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§à§Ü, §Ú §å§Ø, §Ü§à§ß§Ö§é§ß§à, §ß§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§à §ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Û §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §à §Ö§Ö §ä§à§Ý§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú?28.

§·§à§ä§ñ §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §Ú §ß§Ö §à§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö§Ø§Õ §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó, §à§ß§Ú §ã§à§é§Ý§Ú §Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§â§Ñ§Ù§å§Þ§ß§í§Þ §ß§Ö §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ß§Ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ§ç. §¥§à§Ü§ä§à§â §£§Ö§Û§è§Þ§Ñ§ß §á§Ú§ê§Ö§ä;

?§¿§ä§à §à§Õ§Ú§ß §Ú§Ù §ä§Ö§ç §ã§Ý§å§é§Ñ§Ö§Ó §Ó §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §Þ§í §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§í §ã§á§â§à§ã§Ú§ä§î §ã§Ö§Ò§ñ, §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à §Ý§Ú §ß§Ñ§Þ §Ò§í§ä§î §ß§Ö§á§â§Ú§Þ§Ú§â§Ú§Þ§í§Þ§Ú §Ú §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ß§Ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Þ. §³§Þ§à§Ô§Ý§Ú §Ò§í §Þ§í §Õ§à§Ò§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §ä§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §á§â§Ú§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§Þ§à§Û §Õ§Ý§ñ §ß§Ñ§ã §Õ§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ø§Ö §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à, §å§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó §à§ä §Ó§ß§å§ä§â§Ö§ß§ß§Ú§ç §â§Ñ§Ù§ß§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§Û §ã§â§Ö§Õ§Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó, §à§ä§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §Ò§í §Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §ï§ä§à§Û §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§à§Û? §®§í §â§Ö§ê§Ú§Ý§Ú §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§î §ï§ä§å §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ð?29.

?§¤§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§Ú?, §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ë§Ú§Ö§ã§ñ §Ó §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú

§ª §Ó§ã§Ö §Ø§Ö §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §á§â§à§ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§à §à§ã§ä§à§â§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§å §Ý§à§â§Õ§à§Þ §²§à§ä§ê§Ú§Ý§î§Õ§à§Þ §á§Ö§â§Ó§à§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä§Ñ, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Þ §Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î, §é§ä§à ?§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §¦§Ô§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§ß§à §ã §ä§Ö§Þ §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§à§Þ, §é§ä§à §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§Ñ §Ò§í§ä§î §Ó§à§ã§ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ñ §Ó §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ?30, §Ú§Ò§à §Ó §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §à§ß§à §å§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§à, §é§ä§à ?§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §¦§Ô§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§Ø§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §à§ä§ß§à§ã§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §Ü §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ?. §©§Õ§Ö§ã§î §Ò§â§à§ã§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ù§Ñ §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §à§ä§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§Ö: §â§Ö§é§î §Ú§Õ§Ö§ä §à ?§ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú?, §Ñ §ß§Ö §à ?§Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú?, §á§à§ä§à§Þ§å §é§ä§à §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ß§Ö§Ö §á§à§Õ§â§Ñ§Ù§å§Þ§Ö§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§Ö §ð§â§Ú§Õ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó.

§£ §á§Ö§â§Ó§à§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ §á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä§Ö, §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Þ §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î, §é§ä§à ?§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §¦§Ô§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §á§â§Ú§Ý§à§Ø§Ú§ä §Ó§ã§Ö §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ï§ä§à§Û §è§Ö§Ý§Ú §Ú §à§Ò§ã§å§Õ§Ú§ä §ã §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ö§Û §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã §à §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§í§ç §Þ§Ö§ä§à§Õ§Ñ§ç §Ú §ã§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§ç?30. §£ §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ §Ø§Ö §ä§Ö§Ü§ã§ä§Ö §å§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ, §é§ä§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ ?§á§â§Ú§Ý§à§Ø§Ú§ä §Ó§ã§Ö §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §ã§à§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ï§ä§à§Û §è§Ö§Ý§Ú?. §±§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §à §æ§à§â§Þ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ó §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §á§à§Ý§ß§à§Þ§à§é§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ö §á§à§Õ§â§Ñ§Ù§å§Þ§Ö§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Þ §á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä§Ö, §Ò§í§Ý§à §Ú§ã§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§à. §¿§ä§Ú §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ö §à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ö§é§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §£§Ö§Û§è§Þ§Ñ§ß§à§Þ:

?§³§â§Ñ§Ó§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ó§å§ç §ä§Ö§Ü§ã§ä§à§Ó ¡ª §ä§Ö§Ü§ã§ä§Ñ, §à§Õ§à§Ò§â§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§â§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §Ú§ß§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ö§Ý §Ú §á§â§Ö§Þ§î§Ö§â-§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§à§Þ, §Ú §ä§Ö§Ü§ã§ä§Ñ, §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§à§Ô§à 4 §à§Ü§ä§ñ§Ò§â§ñ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §â§Ö§Ù§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §®§à§ß§ä§Ö§Ô§ð ¡ª §Ó§í§ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§à, §Ü §ã§à§Ø§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð, §é§ä§à §Ò§í§Ý §ã§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ß §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§à§Û §ê§Ñ§Ô §ß§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Õ, §á§à §ã§â§Ñ§Ó§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ã §ä§Ö§Þ, §é§ä§à §Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§à §Ò§í§Ý§à §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§à§Ø§Ú§ä§î §ã§Ñ§Þ§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à. §£ §á§Ö§â§Ó§à§Þ §Ú§Ù §ß§Ú§ç §Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ú§ä§ã§ñ, §é§ä§à ?§±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§Ñ §Ò§í§ä§î §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ñ §Ó §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ?. §£§à §Ó§ä§à§â§à§Þ §Ø§Ö §â§Ö§é§î §Ú§Õ§Ö§ä §à ?§ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ?. §£ §á§Ö§â§Ó§à§Þ §Õ§à§Ò§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§à §Ý§Ú§ê§î, §é§ä§à ?§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §á§â§Ú§Ý§à§Ø§Ú§ä §Ó§ã§Ö §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ï§ä§à§Û §è§Ö§Ý§Ú §Ú §à§Ò§ã§å§Õ§Ú§ä §ã §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ö§Û §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã §à §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§í§ç §Þ§Ö§ä§à§Õ§Ñ§ç; §Ó§à §Ó§ä§à§â§à§Þ §á§à§Õ§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã §à ?§Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ú §â§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ô§Ú§à§Ù§ß§í§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§ç §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §ß§Ö§Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß?, §Ú §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ï§ä§à §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §à§Ò§Ó§Ú§ß§Ú§ä§î §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó §Ó §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§í§ç §ß§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§ç §á§â§Ú§ä§Ö§ã§ß§ñ§ä§î §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§í; §ï§ä§à §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §ä§à§Ý§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §ß§Ñ§ê§Ö§Û §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§í, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ß§í §á§à§Õ§à§â§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ö§Ö?31.

§£§Ö§Û§è§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ñ §Ò§Ö§ã§á§à§Ü§à§Ú§ä §à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ü§Ñ §à ?§Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§ñ§ç?, §Ü§Ñ§ã§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§à§Ó §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ. §¦§Ö §æ§à§â§Þ§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ü§Ñ §á§à§â§Ñ§Ù§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§Ñ, §à§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §Ó§ã§á§à§Þ§ß§Ú§ä§î, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ä§ë§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §à§ä§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §ä§Ö§Ü§ã§ä §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú. §£ §ï§ä§à§Û §à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ü§Ö §ß§Ú§é§Ö§Ô§à §ß§Ö §Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §à §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ñ§ç §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§ç, §Ò§å§Õ§î §ä§à §ç§â§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§Ñ§ß§Ö §Ú§Ý§Ú §Þ§å§ã§å§Ý§î§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ö, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§Ú §ã§Ó§í§ê§Ö 90 §á§â§à§è§Ö§ß§ä§à§Ó §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ú §Ó §â§å§Ü§Ñ§ç §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §à§Ü§à§Ý§à 97 §á§â§à§è§Ö§ß§ä§à§Ó §Ó§ã§Ö§Û §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ú. §£§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §Ó §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ú§Õ§Ö§ä §â§Ö§é§î §Ý§Ú§ê§î §à ?§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §ß§Ö§Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß§Ñ§ç §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö?; §Ó §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §ã §ï§ä§à§Û §æ§à§â§Þ§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ü§à§Û §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §Ò§í§Ý§à §Ò§í §ß§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ä§î ?§Þ§ß§à§Ø§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à §ß§Ö§Þ§Ñ§Ý§í§Þ §Ü§à§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ?, §Ñ §Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ ¡ª ?§ß§Ö§Ü§à§ß§ä§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ§Ú §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ó §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú?32.

§¢§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §ä§à§Ô§à, §Ó §ä§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§å §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ò§í§Ý§à §à§ä§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§à §Ó §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö §ß§Ñ §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö. §£ §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §á§à§á§í§ä§Ü§Ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ä§Ó§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§ä§î §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ, ?§Þ§à§Ô§å§ë§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ§â§å§ê§Ú§ä§î §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ú§Ý§Ú §â§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ô§Ú§à§Ù§ß§í§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §ß§Ö§Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö?, §ß§à §Ó §ß§Ö§Û §á§à§Ý§ß§à§ã§ä§î§ð §à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã §à §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç, §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §æ§å§ß§Õ§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñx.

§¿§ä§à §ä§Ö§Þ §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§ß§à, §é§ä§à §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö§á§è§Ú§ñ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó §Ú§Ù§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §å§Ø§Ö §Ó §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ö§Û §æ§â§Ñ§Ù§Ö, §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Û, §é§ä§à ?… §ß§Ú§é§ä§à §ß§Ö §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§à §å§ë§Ö§Þ§Ý§ñ§ä§î… §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §Ú §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§å§ã §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó §Ó §Ý§ð§Ò§à§Û §Õ§â§å§Ô§à§Û §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö?. §¿§ä§à §Ó§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ ?§Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§ñ? §ß§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ö§Û, §Ú §ã§é§Ú§ä§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ, §é§ä§à §Ö§Ö §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§à§Þ §à§á§Ñ§ã§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §ã§ï§â§Ñ §¿§Õ§Ó§Ú§ß§Ñ §®§à§ß§ä§Ö§Ô§ð §à§ä§ß§à§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §â§Ö§Ñ§Ü§è§Ú§Ú §ß§Ñ §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §ã§à §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§à§é§Ú§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ú §à§ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ó §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ§ç

§³§Þ§í§ã§Ý §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ

§£§Ú§Õ§ß§í§Û §ã§á§Ö§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§ä §Ó §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §á§â§à§æ§Ö§ã§ã§à§â §£.§´. §®§Ñ§Ý§Ý§Ú§ã§à§ß §á§Ú§ê§Ö§ä:

?§¯§Ö §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §Ò§í§ä§î §ã§à§Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ó §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ö§ä §è§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §Ó §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à-§Ú§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§î§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ð§â§Ú§Õ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §á§â§Ú§ä§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ§ç. §±§à§ï§ä§à§Þ§å §ä§à§é§ß§à§Ö §ð§â§Ú§Õ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ö §ä§à§Ý§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ö§Ö §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ö§ä §à§é§Ö§ß§î §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§à§Ö §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö. §¥§Ý§ñ §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ß§Ñ§Ú§Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§â§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§ß§í§Ö §Þ§Ñ§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§í, §Ú§ã§ä§à§é§ß§Ú§Ü§Ú §á§Ö§â§Ó§Ú§é§ß§à§Ô§à §á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§é§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ. §³§Ñ§Þ§í§Þ§Ú §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§í§Þ§Ú §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §Ú§ã§ä§à§é§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ú §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §Ó §ä§à§Þ §é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ö §Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§Ö §á§à§Ù§Ú§è§Ú§Ú §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§Ñ§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §à§Ü§à§ß§é§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §ä§Ö§Ü§ã§ä?33.

§¥§Ñ§Ý§Ö§Ö §®§Ñ§Ý§Ý§Ú§ã§à§ß §Ú§Ù§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Ö§ä §è§Ö§Ý§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §á§â§Ö§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §ß§Ñ §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ§ç §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à, §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ú §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ.

?§£ §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§à §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ§Ñ §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§à§Ó §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §á§â§Ö§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à §Õ§Ó§Ö §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§í§Ö §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §è§Ö§Ý§Ú: §Ó§à-§á§Ö§â§Ó§í§ç, §Ó§í§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§ä§î §Ó§à§Û§ß§å §Ú, §Ó§à-§Ó§ä§à§â§í§ç, §Þ§Ñ§Ü§ã§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §å§Ü§â§Ö§á§Ú§ä§î §ã §á§à§Þ§à§ë§î§ð §Þ§Ú§â§ß§à§Ô§à §å§â§Ö§Ô§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §á§à§Ù§Ú§è§Ú§ð §¡§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Ú…

§¸§Ö§Ý§î §Ø§Ö §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§å§ð §à§ß§Ú §å§á§à§â§ß§à §á§â§Ö§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Õ§à §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ú §Ó §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§à§Ó,§ã§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ó §à§Ò§à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §á§â§Ú§ä§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §ã §á§à§Þ§à§ë§î§ð §á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§é§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ…

§³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§í §á§â§Ú§ê§Ý§Ú §ß§Ñ §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§í §Ó §ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö §ß§Ñ §á§à§Ý§ß§à§Ö §å§Õ§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ä§Ó§à§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û. §ª§ç §ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ñ§Þ, §à§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à, §ß§Ö §ã§å§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§à §Ò§í§Ý§à §ã§Ò§í§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ó §ã§Ú§Ý§å §Õ§Ó§å§ç §à§Ò§ì§Ö§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§ç §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§à§Ó. §£§à-§á§Ö§â§Ó§í§ç, §Ó§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§à§Û §Ó§à§Û§ß§í §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ú §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§Ú §Ý§Ú§ê§î §ß§Ö§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§å§ð §é§Ñ§ã§ä§î §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í. §£§à-§Ó§ä§à§â§í§ç, §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§í §ß§Ö §Þ§à§Ô§Ý§Ú §à§Ø§Ú§Õ§Ñ§ä§î §à§ä §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §ß§Ú§é§Ö§Ô§à §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Ô§à, §é§ä§à §ß§Ö §à§ä§Ó§Ö§é§Ñ§Ý§à §Ò§í §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §Ú§Ý§Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§à§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Ö§Þ§í§Þ §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§Ñ§Þ §Ú§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ú§Ú?34.

§¥§â§å§Ô§à§Û §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§â§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§ß§í§Û §ã§á§Ö§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§ä §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä, §é§ä§à §ä§à§ä §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä, §é§ä§à §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ:

?§ß§Ú §é§Ö§Þ §Ú§ß§í§Þ, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§à§Þ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§Ú §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§í, §ß§Ö §Ó§í§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §ã§à§Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Û. §±§à §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Þ§å §Õ§å§ç§å §à§ß§Ñ §ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §à§Ò§Ö§ë§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ §Ù§Ñ §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ú§Ö §å§ã§Ý§å§Ô§Ú ?§á§â§Ú§Ý§à§Ø§Ú§ä§î §Ó§ã§Ö §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ? §Õ§Ý§ñ §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö?35.

§²§Ö§Ñ§Ü§è§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ð

§¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ §Ó§í§Ù§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Þ§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§á§à§â§à§Ó. §°§ß§Ñ §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§à§Ü§à§Ú§Ý§Ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ü§â§å§Ô§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §ß§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§ñ§Ý§Ú §ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó §Ü §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ (?§Ó§ß§å§ä§â§Ö§ß§ß§Ú§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§ß§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§ñ?, §à §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ú§Ý §£§Ö§Û§è§Þ§Ñ§ß). §®§ß§à§Ô§Ú§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß§í §ß§Ö§ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §å§Ò§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §ã§é§Ú§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ú §ã§Ö§Ò§ñ §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß, §Ú §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö§á§è§Ú§ñ ?§Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ? §Ó§í§Ù§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §ã§Ö§â§î§Ö§Ù§ß§í§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§ß§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§ñ §á§à §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§å §à §Ý§à§ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú, §ß§Ö§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§ñ §ß§Ñ §ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§Ö §Ó §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ü§Ú, §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§â§å§ð§ë§Ö§Û §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ §ã§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú§ç §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§å§ã§Ñ §Ó §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ§ç §Ú§ç §á§â§à§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ.

§¤§Ý§Ñ§Ó§ß§í§Þ §ã§â§Ö§Õ§Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ü§â§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §Ò§í§Ý §ã§ï§â §¿§Õ§Ó§Ú§ß §®§à§ß§ä§Ö§Ô§ð, §Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â §á§à §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Þ §ª§ß§Õ§Ú§Ú §Ú §Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û §Ó §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Þ §Ü§Ñ§Ò§Ú§ß§Ö§ä§Ö §Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§à§Ó. §¯§Ö§á§â§Ú§ñ§ä§Ú§Ö §Ú§Þ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §è§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Ü§Ñ§Ý§à §Ú§Ù §Ö§Ô§à §å§Ò§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à §Ú§å§Õ§Ñ§Ú§Ù§Þ §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §å§ß§Ú§Ó§Ö§â§ã§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §â§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ô§Ú§Ö§Û, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §ß§Ö §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ú§ä §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û §á§à §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§å §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §á§â§Ú§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ý§Ö§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú, §Ú §é§ä§à §Ó §ï§á§à§ç§å §ã§à§Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó-§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ §ß§Ö §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§Ö§Û. §°§ß §à§ã§á§Ñ§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ñ§ä§î §à§ä §Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó. §£ §ã§Ö§Ü§â§Ö§ä§ß§à§Þ (§Ó§á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Þ §Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú) §Þ§Ö§Þ§à§â§Ñ§ß§Õ§å§Þ§Ö §à§ß §á§Ú§ã§Ñ§Ý:

?§³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§Õ§Ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §Þ§ß§Ö §ß§Ö§á§â§Ú§Ô§Ý§ñ§Õ§ß§í§Þ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §Ü§â§Ö§Õ§à, §ß§Ö§á§â§Ú§Ô§à§Õ§ß§í§Þ §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§à§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§â§à§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß §³§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §¬§à§â§à§Ý§Ö§Ó§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ… §Á §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§Õ§Ñ §ã§é§Ú§ä§Ñ§Ý, §é§ä§à §ä§Ö§ç, §Ü§ä§à §á§â§Ú§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §Ü§â§Ö§Õ§à, §á§à§Ò§å§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ð§ä §Ü §ä§à§Þ§å §à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §à§ä§Ü§Ñ§Ù §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§î §ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§å §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ §Ó §²§à§ã§ã§Ú§Ú. §¯§à §Þ§ß§Ö §ß§Ö§á§à§ß§ñ§ä§ß§à, §á§à§é§Ö§Þ§å §Ó §ä§à §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§Ö §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §ï§ä§Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ú §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§í §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú §²§à§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §Ú §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§Ý§Ú §Ó§ã§Ö §ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§í, §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ö§ä §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ, §Ñ §Ô-§ß§Ñ §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ §å§á§à§Ý§ß§à§Þ§à§é§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§î, §é§ä§à §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§Ñ §Ò§í§ä§î §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ñ §Ó §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö ?§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ?. §Á §ß§Ö §Ù§ß§Ñ§ð, §Ü §é§Ö§Þ§å §ï§ä§à §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ä, §ß§à §á§à§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§ð, §é§ä§à §Þ§å§ã§å§Ý§î§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ö §Ú §ç§â§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§Ñ§ß§Ö §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§í §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §å§ã§ä§å§á§Ú§ä§î §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ §Õ§à§â§à§Ô§å §Ú §é§ä§à §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ú §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §á§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§í §Ñ §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ö§Ô§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ö §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö; §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ §Ñ§ã§ã§à§è§Ú§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §ã §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ§Ú, §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ø§Ö §Ü§Ñ§Ü §¡§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§ñ §ã §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§é§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú§Ý§Ú §¶§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ú§ñ §ã §æ§â§Ñ§ß§è§å§Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §Ñ §ä§å§â§Ü§Ú §Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ñ§Ô§à§Þ§Ö§ä§Ñ§ß§Ö §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §ã§é§Ú§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ú§ß§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ø§Ö §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ú §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §ã§é§Ú§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ú§ß§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ó §Ý§ð§Ò§à§Û §Õ§â§å§Ô§à§Û §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö, §Ü§â§à§Þ§Ö §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í… §¬§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ §ã§Ü§Ñ§Ø§å§ä, §é§ä§à §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ú§ç §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §à§é§Ñ§Ô§à§Þ, §å §Ü§Ñ§Ø§Õ§à§Û §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í §Ó§à§Ù§ß§Ú§Ü§ß§Ö§ä §Ø§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ö§Þ§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à §Ú§Ù§Ò§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §à§ä §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß, §Ñ §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §Ú§Ù§Ô§à§ß§ñ§ä§î §Ö§Ö §ß§í§ß§Ö§ê§ß§Ú§ç §Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û, §Ù§Ñ§ç§Ó§Ñ§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§ñ §Ó§ã§Ö §Ý§å§é§ê§Ö§Ö §Ó §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö…

§Á §ã§é§Ú§ä§Ñ§ð, §é§ä§à §ß§í§ß§Ö§ê§ß§ð§ð §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å §ß§Ö§Ý§î§Ù§ñ §Ñ§ã§ã§à§è§Ú§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ã §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §ã §á§à§Ý§ß§í§Þ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §ã§é§Ú§ä§Ñ§ä§î §á§à§Õ§ç§à§Õ§ñ§ë§Ú§Þ §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à§Þ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ú§ç §á§â§à§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ. §¥§Ö§ã§ñ§ä§î §Ù§Ñ§á§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§Û §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Õ§Ñ§ß§í §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ §ß§Ñ §³§Ú§ß§Ñ§Ö. §¯§Ö§Ý§î§Ù§ñ §à§ä§â§Ú§è§Ñ§ä§î, §é§ä§à §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ §Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§å§ð §â§à§Ý§î §Ó §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú, §ß§à §ã§ä§à§Ý§î §Ø§Ö §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§å§ð §â§à§Ý§î §à§ß§Ñ §Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ú §Ó §ã§à§Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §Þ§å§ã§å§Ý§î§Þ§Ñ§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §Ñ §Ó §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§å§ð §ï§á§à§ç§å §à§ß§Ñ §Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ó §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §ç§â§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§Ñ§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ö§ë§Ö §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§å§ð §â§à§Ý§î, §é§Ö§Þ §Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ñ§ñ-§Ý§Ú§Ò§à §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ñ§ñ §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ…

§¬§Ñ§Ü §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ú §à§Ò§â§Ö§ä§å§ä §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §à§é§Ñ§Ô, §ß§Ö§ã§à§Þ§ß§Ö§ß§ß§à, §ã§Ú§Ý§î§ß§à §Ó§à§Ù§â§Ñ§ã§ä§Ö§ä §ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ý§Ú§ê§Ú§ä§î §ß§Ñ§ã §á§â§Ñ§Ó §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ß§Ñ. §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ §ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ö§ä §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ§Ú§â§ß§í§Þ §Ô§Ö§ä§ä§à. §±§à§é§Ö§Þ§å §â§å§ã§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§í §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ä§î §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ð §â§Ñ§Ó§ß§í§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ? §£§Ö§Õ§î §Ö§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §à§é§Ñ§Ô§à§Þ §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ?36.

§¯§à §ï§ä§à §Ò§í§Ý§à §Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ñ§Ò§ã§à§Ý§ð§ä§ß§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ö§ß§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Þ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ö, §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ô§à §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §ã§æ§à§â§Þ§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ñ §á§â§Ö§Þ§î§Ö§â-§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§à§Þ §­§Ý§à§Û§Õ §¥§Ø§à§â§Õ§Ø§Ö§Þ:

?§¯§Ö §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §Ò§í§ä§î §ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §ã§à§Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ó §ä§à§Þ, §é§Ö§Ô§à §ç§à§ä§Ö§Ý [§Ú§Þ§á§Ö§â§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û] §Ü§Ñ§Ò§Ú§ß§Ö§ä. §£ §Ö§Ô§à §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§í §ß§Ö §Ó§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§à §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §ã§â§Ñ§Ù§å §Ø§Ö §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §á§à§Õ§á§Ú§ã§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ú§â§ß§à§Ô§à §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ §Ò§Ö§Ù §å§é§Ö§ä§Ñ §á§à§Ø§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §³ §Õ§â§å§Ô§à§Û §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í, §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î, §é§ä§à §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §ã §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ú §Ó§à§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§å§ð§ä§ã§ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Ú§Þ §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§î§ð §Ú §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§ñ§ä §Ó§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §ä§à §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ §ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ö§ä §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §ã§à§à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ. §®§í§ã§Ý§î §à §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú§ã§Ü§å§ã§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à §ã§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§å§ð §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ð, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ú §á§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§ß§à §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§Ú §Þ§Ö§ß§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §ß§Ö §á§â§Ú§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ñ §Ó §Ô§à§Ý§à§Ó§å §ß§Ú§Ü§à§Þ§å §Ú§Ù §ä§Ö§ç, §Ü§ä§à §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§ñ§Ý §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§å. §¿§ä§à §Ò§í§Ý§à §Ò§í §ß§Ö§ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§à §Ú §ß§Ö§é§Ö§ã§ä§ß§à §á§à §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ü §Ý§ð§Õ§ñ§Þ, §Ü §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Þ §Þ§í §à§Ò§â§Ñ§ë§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î?37.

§±§à§Õ§ä§Ö§Ü§ã§ä §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à§é§Ö§Ó§Ú§Õ§Ö§ß: §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ú §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§ñ§ä §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í, §ï§ä§à §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§Ö§Û §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ. §°§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§à§Û §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã §à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§ç §ã§Ñ§Þ§Ú§ç §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ú §ß§Ö §Ó§à§Ù§ß§Ú§Ü.

§±§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú

§°§Ò§â§Ñ§ë§Ñ§ð§ä §ß§Ñ §ã§Ö§Ò§ñ §Ó§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ä§â§Ú §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§í§Ö §é§Ö§â§ä§í §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ.

§£§à-§á§Ö§â§Ó§í§ç, §à§ß§Ñ §ñ§Ó§ß§à §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§â§Ö§é§Ú§Ý§Ñ §Õ§å§ç§å §à§Ò§Ö§ë§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Õ§Ñ§ß§í §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Õ§à, §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ú §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §à§á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ. §£§à-§Ó§ä§à§â§í§ç, §ã§å§Õ§î§Ò§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Ó §ä§Ö§ã§ß§à§Þ §ã§à§ä§â§å§Õ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §ã §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ö§Û, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §á§â§à§Ó§à§Ù§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Û §è§Ö§Ý§î§ð §á§à§ã§Ö§Ý§Ú§ä§î §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §ß§Ö§á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó. §±§â§Ú §ï§ä§à§Þ §ß§Ö §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §Ú§Ô§ß§à§â§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§í §Ü§à§â§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó, §ß§à §Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§ß§à §ß§Ñ§â§å§ê§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ú§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ (§ã§Þ. §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý IV, §ß§Ú§Ø§Ö). §£-§ä§â§Ö§ä§î§Ú§ç, §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ó §ï§ä§å §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ð, §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ó§Ù§ñ§Ý§à §ß§Ñ §ã§Ö§Ò§ñ §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ö§Û §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ú §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §Ó §ä§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §æ§à§â§Þ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §Ó§ã§Ö §Ö§ë§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §é§Ñ§ã§ä§î§ð §°§ä§ä§à§Þ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ú§Ú.

§°§Õ§Ú§ß §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§â§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§ß§í§Û §ã§á§Ö§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§ä §á§Ú§ê§Ö§ä:

?§¯§Ñ§Ú§Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §Ú §ß§Ö§à§á§â§à§Ó§Ö§â§Ø§Ú§Þ§í§Þ §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§Þ §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ, §à§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à, §ä§à, §é§ä§à §ã §ð§â§Ú§Õ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §ä§à§é§Ü§Ú §Ù§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §ã§Ñ§Þ§Ñ §á§à §ã§Ö§Ò§Ö §ß§Ö §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ö§ä §ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Û §ã§Ú§Ý§í, §Ú§Ò§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ö §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §ã§å§Ó§Ö§â§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó §ß§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å, §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ §Ö§Û §ß§Ö §á§â§Ú§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ý§Ö§Ø§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ú §à§ß§Ñ §ß§Ö §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §â§Ñ§ã§á§à§â§ñ§Ø§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §ï§ä§à§Û §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§Û. §£ §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ú§Ù§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§í §Ý§Ú§ê§î §ß§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ú §ß§Ö §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §ä§à§Ô§à?38.

§¥§â§å§Ô§Ú§Ö §ã§á§Ö§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§ä§í §Ó §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ã§é§Ú§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ú, §é§ä§à §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §ß§Ö §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ö§ä §ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Û §ð§â§Ú§Õ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §ã§Ú§Ý§í39. §°§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §Ó 1917 §Ô§à§Õ§å, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §¢§Ñ§á§î§æ§å§â§Ñ §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Õ§à§Ü§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§à§Þ, §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§ñ§Ó§ê§Ú§Þ §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§å§ð §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§å§ð §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§å §Ó §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ö §à §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Þ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §ï§ä§à§ä §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã §ß§Ö §á§à§Õ§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ. §¥§Ó§å§ã§Þ§í§ã§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§â§Ö§é§Ú§ñ, §á§â§Ú§ã§å§ë§Ú§Ö §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §Ó §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §ã§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§Ú §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ó§à§Ù§ß§Ú§Ü§ß§à§Ó§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ý§Ú§Ü§ä§Ñ §è§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ú §ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö§Ø§Õ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §ß§Ö§á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ§Ú. §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §Ó§à§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú ?§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ?, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §á§â§à§ä§Ñ§ã§Ü§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ã§Ó§à§Ú §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§í §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§å§ñ §ã §ï§ä§à§Û §è§Ö§Ý§î§ð §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ §Ú §Ö§Ö §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ã §á§à§Þ§à§ë§î§ð §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§à§Ó §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û. §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ §Ó§í§ß§å§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß §Ò§í§Ý §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ï§ä§Ú§Þ §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ§Þ, §Ú§Ò§à §à§ß §Ò§í§Ý §Ý§Ú§ê§Ö§ß §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§à§Ô§à §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §ß§Ñ §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, §Ñ §Ö§Ô§à §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§ñ §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î §à§Ò§ì§Ö§Ü§ä§à§Þ §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ú§Ù-§Ù§Ñ §Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§è§í §Ó §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§à §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ§Ñ, §á§à§Ü§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §á§à§Õ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§à§Þ §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û.

III. §®§¡§¯§¥§¡§´§½ §­§ª§¤§ª §¯§¡§¸§ª§«

§¡§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Þ §Ú §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§í §Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ú§ç §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó

§±§à§ã§Ý§Ö §à§Ü§à§ß§é§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§à§Û§ß§í §á§Ö§â§ã§á§Ö§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§í §å§Õ§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ä§Ó§à§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §é§Ñ§ñ§ß§Ú§Û §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ, §Ó §ä§à§Þ §é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ö §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à, §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §â§Ñ§Õ§å§Ø§ß§í§Þ§Ú. §°§Õ§Ú§ß §Ú§Ù §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§ç §Ü§â§å§á§ß§í§ç §ã§á§Ö§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó §á§à §¢§Ý§Ú§Ø§ß§Ö§Þ§å §£§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§å §á§â§à§æ§Ö§ã§ã§à§â §¥§Ø. §³.§¤§å§â§Ö§Ó§Ú§è, §á§Ú§ê§Ö§ä:

§£ §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§Ö §Ü§â§Ñ§ç§Ñ §°§ä§ä§à§Þ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ú§Ú §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ñ §£§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §á§à §ã§å§ä§Ú §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ ?§â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ñ?. §£§Ö§ã§î§Þ§Ñ §á§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à, §à§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à, §é§ä§à, §ç§à§ä§ñ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§î §á§Ö§â§Ö§ê§Ö§Ý §Ü §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ú §¶§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ú§Ú, §à§ß§Ú §ß§Ö §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ú §á§â§ñ§Þ§å§ð §Ñ§ß§ß§Ö§Ü§ã§Ú§ð §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §¢§Ý§Ú§Ø§ß§Ö§Ô§à §Ú §³§â§Ö§Õ§ß§Ö§Ô§à §£§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§Ñ. §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§í §Ú §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ñ§Ý§î§ñ§ß§ã§í §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ý§Ú §Ý§Ú§ê§î §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Û, §Ñ §á§â§Ú§ã§å§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §Ó §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§ç §æ§à§â§Þ§Ñ§ç §Ù§Ñ§á§Ñ§Õ§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó §Ó§Ö§Ý§à §Ü §â§à§ã§ä§å §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ, §è§Ö§Ý§î §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ô§à §ã§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ó §ã§Ü§à§â§Ö§Û§ê§Ö§Þ §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §á§à§Ý§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§å§Ó§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§Ñ?40.

§°§Õ§ß§Ú§Þ §Ú§Ù §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§ß§í§ç §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§à§Ó, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §Ó§ã§ä§Ñ§Ý §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ §á§à§Ò§Ö§Õ§Ú§Ó§ê§Ú§Þ§Ú §Ö§Ó§â§à§á§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §Ò§í§Ý §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§å§ã §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Û §Ú §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§à§Ó, §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ó§ê§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §â§Ñ§ß§Ö§Ö §á§à§Õ §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §°§ä§ä§à§Þ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ú§Ú. §ª§Ù ?§é§Ö§ä§í§â§ß§Ñ§Õ§è§Ñ§ä§Ú §á§å§ß§Ü§ä§à§Ó? §á§â§Ö§Ù§Ú§Õ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ §£§Ú§Ý§î§ã§à§ß§Ñ, §à§Ò§à§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§Ó§ê§Ú§ç §â§Ñ§Þ§Ü§Ú §Þ§Ú§â§ß§í§ç §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Û, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§à§ñ§Ý§à §Ó§í§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ñ§ä§î §ß§Ñ §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ§ç, §à§Õ§Ú§ß §á§å§ß§Ü§ä, §Ü§Ñ§ã§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ú§Û§ã§ñ §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §Ò§í§Ý§à §ß§Ö§á§à§ã§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú§ä§î §Ü §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö;

?§´§å§â§Ö§è§Ü§Ú§Þ §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ§Þ §ß§í§ß§Ö§ê§ß§Ö§Û §°§ä§ä§à§Þ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ú§Ú §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§ä§î §ã§å§Ó§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§ä §Ú §Ò§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§î, §à§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Þ §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §á§à§Ý§ß§å§ð §Ò§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ú §ß§Ú§é§Ö§Þ §ß§Ö §à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ…?.

§°§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §ß§Ñ §±§Ñ§â§Ú§Ø§ã§Ü§à§Û §Þ§Ú§â§ß§à§Û §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú 1919 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §ã§à§ð§Ù§ß§í§Ö §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§í §â§Ö§ê§Ú§Ý§Ú §á§à§Õ§é§Ú§ß§Ú§ä§î §ï§ä§Ú §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§Ö §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§à§Ó, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §Ò§í§Ý §á§à§Õ§á§Ú§ã§Ñ§ß 28 §Ú§ð§ß§ñ 1919 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Ú §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§ß§à§Û §é§Ñ§ã§ä§î§ð §£§Ö§â§ã§Ñ§Ý§î§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ §à §Þ§Ú§â§Ö §ã §¤§Ö§â§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Û.

§±§Ñ§Ü§ä §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û

§­§Ú§Ô§Ñ §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§à§Þ sui generis, §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Þ §Ó §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ §ß§Ñ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ö §Ò§Ö§ã§á§â§Ö§è§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§ä§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó-§á§à§Ò§Ö§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Õ§Ý§ñ §ä§à§Ô§à, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §å§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Õ§Ú§ä§î §ã§Ó§à§Ú §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö§á§è§Ú§Ú §á§à§â§ñ§Õ§Ü§Ñ §Ó §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§ç. §¬§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Ú, §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ó§ê§Ú§Ö§ã§ñ §á§à§Ò§Ö§Õ§Ú§Ó§ê§Ú§Þ§Ú §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §Ú §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú, §à§ä§ä§à§â§Ô§ß§å§ä§í§Ö §à§ä §á§à§Ò§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó, §Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ó §ï§ä§à§Þ §á§à§â§ñ§Õ§Ü§Ö §à§ã§à§Ò§à§Ö §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à.

§¬§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Þ §Ó§ã§Ö §Ö§ë§Ö §Ò§í§Ý §ä§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §é§Ñ§ã§ä§î§ð §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Û §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í, §ç§à§ä§ñ §Ó §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§Ö §á§â§Ö§Ù§Ú§Õ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ §£§Ú§Ý§î§ã§à§ß§Ñ, §ñ§Ó§Ú§Ó§ê§Ö§Û§ã§ñ §Ó§Ö§ç§à§Û §Ý§Ú§Ò§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ §Ó §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§Ú §Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ, §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î, §é§ä§à §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö§á§è§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §ß§Ñ §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §â§Ñ§Ó§ß§à§Û §ã§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§Ú §â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ú §ß§Ñ §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§á§Ñ§Õ§ß§å§ð §é§Ñ§ã§ä§î §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ:

?§³§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§ß§à§Ö, §ß§Ö§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ó§Ù§ñ§ä§à§Ö §Ú §Ñ§Ò§ã§à§Ý§ð§ä§ß§à §Ò§Ö§ã§á§â§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§à§Ö §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó, §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ö §ß§Ñ §ã§ä§â§à§Ô§à§Þ §ã§à§Ò§Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ä§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§Ñ, §é§ä§à §á§â§Ú §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§à§Ó §ã§å§Ó§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§Ñ §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à §Ó §à§Õ§Ú§ß§Ñ§Ü§à§Ó§à§Û §ã§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§Ú §å§é§Ú§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§í §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§à§Ó §Ú §ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§í§Ö §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à§Ó§í§Ö §á§à§Ý§ß§à§Þ§à§é§Ú§ñ §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ô§à §á§à§Õ§Ý§Ö§Ø§Ñ§ä §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð?.

§­§Ú§Ô§Ñ §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û, §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ó §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ú§Ó§ê§Ö§Ô§à§ã§ñ §á§à§â§ñ§Õ§Ü§Ñ, §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö§á§è§Ú§ð §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§à§Ó ¡ª §ß§à§Ó§à§Ö §ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Û §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§Ö ¡ª §Ó §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §ã§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ú§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §ï§á§à§ç§Ú §ã §Þ§à§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §Ú §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î§ð §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Û.

§£ §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§Ö 22 (§á§à§Ý§ß§í§Û §ä§Ö§Ü§ã§ä §ã§Þ. §Ó §á§â§Ú§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú IV) §±§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ñ §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§Ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§à§Ó, §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §ß§Ñ §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö§á§è§Ú§Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Û §á§à§Õ ?§à§á§Ö§Ü§à§Û… §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§í§ç §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§Û?, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ ?§ã§Ó§ñ§ë§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ö§Û §è§Ú§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú?. §³§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§î §à§á§Ö§Ü§Ú §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §ã§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§î§ð §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ù§â§Ö§Ý§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ü§à§ß§Ü§â§Ö§ä§ß§à§Û §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú. §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§í §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§í§ç §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Û §à§ä§ß§à§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ü §Ü§Ý§Ñ§ã§ã§å ?§¡?, §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§í§ç ¡ª §Ü §Ü§Ý§Ñ§ã§ã§å ?§£?, §Ú §ß§Ñ§Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§í§ç ¡ª §Ü §Ü§Ý§Ñ§ã§ã§å ?§³?.

§°§ä§â§Ú§è§Ñ§ä§î §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§à§ã§ä§î §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§à§Ó ¡ª §ß§Ñ§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §Õ§â§Ö§Ó§ß§Ö§Û §Ú §Ó§í§ã§à§Ü§à§â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§à§Û §è§Ú§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú ¡ª §Ò§í§Ý§à §ß§Ö§Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à, §Ú §á§à§ï§ä§à§Þ§å §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§Ú, §ß§Ö§á§à§ã§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à §Ü§Ñ§ã§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ú§Ö§ã§ñ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ö§Ý§î §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Û, §á§à§Õ§á§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç §á§à§Õ §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§à§Ó §Ü§Ý§Ñ§ã§ã§Ñ ?§¡?, §Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú:

?§¯§Ö§Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §á§â§Ú§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ý§Ö§Ø§Ñ§Ý§Ú §â§Ñ§ß§Ö§Ö §°§ä§ä§à§Þ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ú§Ú, §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ô§Ý§Ú §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Û §ã§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ, §é§ä§à §Ú§ç §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§í§ç §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §Ò§í§ä§î §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§à §á§â§à§Ó§Ú§Ù§à§â§ß§à, §á§â§Ú §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§Ú, §é§ä§à §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ä§í §Ú §á§à§Þ§à§ë§î §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§ñ §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ä§î §Ú§ç §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §Õ§à §ä§Ö§ç §á§à§â, §á§à§Ü§Ñ §à§ß§Ú §ß§Ö §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §Ó §ã§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §ã§Ñ§Þ§Ú. §±§à§Ø§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ï§ä§Ú§ç §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ö§Û §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§í §á§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ó§à §Ó§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ú §Ó§í§Ò§à§â§Ö §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§à?.

§±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ §ß§Ú §Ó §Ü§à§Ö§Û §Þ§Ö§â§Ö §ß§Ö §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ú§ã§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú§Ù §ï§ä§Ú§ç §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Û.

§²§Ñ§ã§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Û

§£ §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§Ö 22 §ß§Ö §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ñ §Ó§í§Ò§à§â§Ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Ö§Ó §Ú §â§Ñ§ã§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§à§Ó §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §ß§Ú§Þ§Ú. §´§å§â§è§Ú§ð §Ú §¤§Ö§â§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §á§â§à§ã§ä§à §Ù§Ñ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ú §à§ä§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §à§ä §Ú§ç §á§â§Ú§ä§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §ß§Ñ §ã§å§Ó§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§ä §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Û, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §á§à§Õ§Ý§Ö§Ø§Ñ§Ý§Ú §â§Ñ§ã§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §ã§à§ð§Ù§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú. §­§Ú§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §¤§Ö§â§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §ï§ä§Ú§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó §Ò§í§Ý§à §Ù§Ñ§Ü§â§Ö§á§Ý§Ö§ß§à §Ó §£§Ö§â§ã§Ñ§Ý§î§ã§Ü§à§Þ §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ö (§ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 119). §¹§ä§à §Ø§Ö §Ü§Ñ§ã§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §´§å§â§è§Ú§Ú, §ä§à §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Û §à§ä§Ü§Ñ§Ù §à§ä §á§â§Ñ§Ó §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §Ó §³§Ö§Ó§â§ã§Ü§à§Þ §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ö 1920 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ (§ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 132), §à§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à, §á§à§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§å §ï§ä§à§ä §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ú §ß§Ö §Ó§ã§ä§å§á§Ú§Ý §Ó §ã§Ú§Ý§å, §à§ä§Ü§Ñ§Ù §´§å§â§è§Ú§Ú §à§ä §á§â§Ñ§Ó §ß§Ñ §ß§Ö§ä§å§â§Ö§è§Ü§Ú§Ö §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §Ò§í§Ý §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §Ù§Ñ§æ§Ú§Ü§ã§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß §Ó §­§à§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§ã§Ü§à§Þ §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ö. §£ §£§Ö§â§ã§Ñ§Ý§î§ã§Ü§à§Þ §Ú §­§à§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§ã§Ü§à§Þ §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ§ç §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §é§Ö§ä§Ü§Ú§Ö §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ó §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §ã §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Þ§Ú §ã§à§ð§Ù§ß§í§Ö §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§í §å§á§à§Ý§ß§à§Þ§à§é§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §â§Ñ§ã§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§ñ§ä§î ?§à§ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö? §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ã§Ó§à§Ú §á§à§Õ§Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§ß§í§Ö §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú.

§¢§í§Ó§ê§Ú§Ö §Ô§Ö§â§Þ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §â§Ñ§ã§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§í §ß§Ñ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §£§Ö§â§ç§à§Ó§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ §ã§à§ð§Ù§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó §à§ä 7 §Þ§Ñ§ñ 1919 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Ó§ã§Ü§à§â§Ö §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §á§à§Õ§á§Ú§ã§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §£§Ö§â§ã§Ñ§Ý§î§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ. §°§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §Ò§í§Ó§ê§Ú§Ö §ä§å§â§Ö§è§Ü§Ú§Ö §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§í §ß§Ñ §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú §Ó §³§Ñ§ß-§²§Ö§Þ§à 25 §Ñ§á§â§Ö§Ý§ñ 1920 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ, §Ù§Ñ §ä§â§Ú §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Õ§à §á§à§Õ§á§Ú§ã§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §­§à§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §ð§â§Ú§Õ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §´§å§â§è§Ú§ñ §Ó§ã§Ö §Ö§ë§Ö §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Ó §ã§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ó§à§Û§ß§í. §¶§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ú§ñ §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§Ý§Ñ §á§à§Õ §ã§Ó§à§Ö §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §³§Ú§â§Ú§ð §Ú §­§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß, §Ñ §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ ¡ª §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å, §´§â§Ñ§ß§ã§Ú§à§â§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §Ú §®§Ö§ã§à§á§à§ä§Ñ§Þ§Ú§ð (§ª§â§Ñ§Ü).

§¶§å§ß§Ü§è§Ú§à§ß§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§à§Ó

§£§ã§Ö §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§í §ß§Ñ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í, §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å, §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§í §Ô§â§å§á§á§í ?§¡?, §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§ñ§Ö§Þ§í§Ö §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Û, §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§ß§à §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û. §±§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä§í §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§ç §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§à§Ó §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ù§Ñ§Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú, §à§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §à§ß§Ú §á§à§Õ§Ý§Ö§Ø§Ñ§Ý§Ú §å§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §­§Ú§Ô§à§Û §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û.

§£ §á§â§à§è§Ö§ã§ã§Ö §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §ß§Ñ §ª§â§Ñ§Ü §Ó §ß§Ö§Ô§à §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §Ó§ß§Ö§ã§Ö§ß§Ñ §á§à§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ü§Ñ, §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§Ñ§ñ §á§à§Õ§á§Ú§ã§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Û §Ú §ª§â§Ñ§Ü§à§Þ. §¿§ä§à§ä §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â §Ò§í§Ý §Ù§Ñ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß §Ó 1922 §Ô§à§Õ§å. §©§Ñ §ß§Ú§Þ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Ö §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §£§ã§Ö §à§ß§Ú §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §à§Õ§à§Ò§â§Ö§ß§í §­§Ú§Ô§à§Û §Ü§Ñ§Ü §à§ä§Ó§Ö§é§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§Ú 22 §±§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ñ. §ª§â§Ñ§Ü §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§Ý §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î 3 §à§Ü§ä§ñ§Ò§â§ñ 1932 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ.

§£ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö §ß§Ñ §³§Ú§â§Ú§ð §Ú §­§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß §Ó §à§ä§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§Ö §à§ä §ª§â§Ñ§Ü§Ñ, §ß§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§à §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§à §ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §à§ã§à§Ò§í§ç §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Û. §¶§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ú§ñ §ã§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§ñ§Ý§Ñ §á§à§Ý§ß§í§Û §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§î §ß§Ñ§Õ §à§Ò§Ö§Ú§Þ§Ú §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §Ó§á§Ý§à§ä§î §Õ§à §á§â§Ö§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ. §­§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ô §á§à§Ý§ß§à§Û §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú 22 §ß§à§ñ§Ò§â§ñ 1943 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ, §³§Ú§â§Ú§ñ ¡ª 1 §ñ§ß§Ó§Ñ§â§ñ 1944 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ.

§±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ §Ú §´§â§Ñ§ß§ã§Ú§à§â§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ (§Ü§Ñ§Ü §ä§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §ß§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §ï§ä§å §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ð) §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§í §Ó §à§Õ§Ú§ß §Ú §ä§à§ä §Ø§Ö §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä, §à§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §Ú§ç §ã§é§Ú§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§ß§í§Þ§Ú §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú. §³§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§ß§à §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§Ö 25 §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §ß§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å, §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ã §à§Õ§à§Ò§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §Þ§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ §á§â§Ú§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §Ý§ð§Ò§à§Ô§à §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §Ó §´§â§Ñ§ß§ã§Ú§à§â§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú. §±§à §á§â§à§ã§î§Ò§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú 16 §ã§Ö§ß§ä§ñ§Ò§â§ñ 1922 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý §â§Ö§Ù§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§ð, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §â§Ö§ê§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §à§Õ§à§Ò§â§ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §à§ä§Õ§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §´§â§Ñ§ß§ã§Ú§à§â§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Û. §¿§ä§à §à§ä§Õ§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §Õ§à §ä§Ö§ç §á§à§â, §á§à§Ü§Ñ §ï§ä§Ñ §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ §ß§Ö §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§Ý§Ñ 22 §Þ§Ñ§â§ä§Ñ 1946 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §Ü§Ñ§Ü §¬§à§â§à§Ý§Ö§Ó§ã§ä§Ó§à §ª§à§â§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ.

§ª §Ý§Ú§ê§î §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä, §Ó§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ë§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §Ó §ß§Ö§Þ §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§â§Ö§é§Ú§Û, §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§Ý §ß§Ö §Ü §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú, §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§ß§à §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Û §Ó §±§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö, §Ñ §Ü §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ý§Ú§Ü§ä§å, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ö§â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ §Ú §ê§Ö§ã§ä§î §Õ§Ö§ã§ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§Û §ã§á§å§ã§ä§ñ.

IV. §£§¾§¥§¡§¹§¡ §®§¡§¯§¥§¡§´§¡ §¯§¡ §±§¡§­§¦§³§´§ª§¯§µ

§³§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ë§Ú§Ö§ã§ñ §Ó §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö §ß§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§â§Ö§é§Ú§ñ §à§Ò§ì§ñ§ã§ß§ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ó §ß§Ö§Ô§à §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ. §£§Ñ§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§î §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Û §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ü§Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §à§Ò§ì§ñ§ã§ß§ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§Þ§Ú §ß§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú:

a) §à§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ú§ä§î §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§Ö §Ô§â§å§á§á§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ü§Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó §ß§Ñ §á§Ý§Ñ§ä§æ§à§â§Þ§Ö §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ,

b) §Ù§Ñ§â§å§é§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ü§à§Û §Ö§Ó§â§à§á§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó §Õ§Ý§ñ §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§à§Þ§á§â§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ñ §ã §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Û,

c) §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§ä§î §ï§ä§à§Þ§å §Õ§Ö§Ý§å §ä§å §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ú§ß§å§ð §æ§à§â§Þ§å §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Û §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ü§Ú.

§³§ã§í§Ý§Ñ§ñ§ã§î §ß§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §£§Ö§Û§è§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ñ §à §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§í §Ò§í§ä§î §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§í ?… §ß§Ñ §á§â§Ö§Ó§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ñ §Ó §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§Û §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã. §¿§ä§à §à§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ö§ä, §é§ä§à §ß§å§Ø§ß§à §à§Ò§â§Ñ§ë§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ü §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ §ã§à §ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú: §Õ§Ý§ñ §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ§ê§Ö§Û §è§Ö§Ý§Ú §ß§Ñ§Þ §ß§å§Ø§ß§Ñ §Ó§Ñ§ê§Ñ §á§à§Þ§à§ë§î?41.

§³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ñ

§±§Ö§â§Ó§í§Þ §ê§Ñ§Ô§à§Þ §Ò§í§Ý§à §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §Ñ§á§â§Ö§Ý§Ö 1918 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §Ó §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ö §Õ-§â§Ñ §£§Ö§Û§è§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ñ, §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ú§Ù §¶§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ú§Ú §Ú §ª§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ú, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û. §£ §ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§Ö §ß§Ñ §Ú§Þ§ñ §Ó§Ö§â§ç§à§Ó§ß§à§Ô§à §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ñ§â§Ñ §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ó §¦§Ô§Ú§á§ä§Ö §å§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î:

?… §©§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§é§Ñ §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §ã§à§ã§ä§à§Ú§ä §Ó §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§î … §Ó§ã§Ö §ê§Ñ§Ô§Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §â§Ö§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ü§å §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö …

§¬ §ß§Ñ§Ú§Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§í§Þ §Ù§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§é§Ñ§Þ §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §à§ä§ß§à§ã§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ç§à§â§à§ê§Ú§ç §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §ã §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Þ§Ú §ß§Ö§Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ú §á§â§Ö§Ó§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §Ó §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§å§ð§ë§Ö§Ö §Ù§Ó§Ö§ß§à §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§ñ§Þ§Ú, §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §Ü§â§å§Ô§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö.

§£§Ö§ã§î§Þ§Ñ §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§à §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§î §Ó§ã§Ö §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §ä§à§Ô§à, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ñ §Ù§Ñ§Ó§à§Ö§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§â§Ú§ä§Ö§ä §Ó §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ç §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ú §Ó §ä§à §Ø§Ö §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §à§ã§Ý§Ñ§Ò§Ú§ä§î §á§à§Õ§à§Ù§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §á§à§Õ§Ý§Ú§ß§ß§í§ç §è§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ …?42.

§·§à§ä§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ §æ§à§â§Þ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §Ó§ã§Ö §Ö§ë§Ö §ã§é§Ú§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §é§Ñ§ã§ä§î§ð §°§ä§ä§à§Þ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ú§Ú, §ã §Õ§Ö§Ü§Ñ§Ò§â§ñ 1917 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §à§ß§Ñ §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §á§à§Õ §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §à§Ü§Ü§å§á§Ñ§è§Ú§Ö§Û. §£§à§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §ã§à§à§Ò§ë§Ú§Ý§Ú §Ó §­§à§ß§Õ§à§ß §à§Ò §à§á§Ñ§ã§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§ç §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §è§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ, §Ú §á§à §á§â§Ú§Ò§í§ä§Ú§Ú §Ó §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §£§Ö§Û§è§Þ§Ñ§ß §á§Ú§ã§Ñ§Ý §Ó §Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§â§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ú§ß§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ö§Ý:

?§®§í §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§í §Ü §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Ó§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ö§Ò§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §ã§à §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó §Ú §ã§Ú§â§Ú§Û§è§Ö§Ó, §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Û §Ó §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §ã§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§Ú §ß§Ñ §ß§Ö§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ §á§à§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §ß§Ñ§ê§Ú§ç §á§à§Õ§Ý§Ú§ß§ß§í§ç §è§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û, §Ú §Þ§í §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§Õ§Ñ §á§à§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ý§Ú, §é§ä§à §à§Õ§ß§Ñ §Ú§Ù §ß§Ñ§ê§Ú§ç §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§ß§í§ç §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ö§Û §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §Ù§Ñ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ó §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Ö§ñ§ä§î §ï§ä§à §ß§Ö§Ó§Ö§â§ß§à§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú §á§à§á§í§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ú§ä§î §Õ§â§å§Ø§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Ó§Ù§Ñ§Ú§Þ§à§á§à§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ã §ß§Ö§Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §ï§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ§Þ§Ú §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ö §Ú§Ù§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §¦§Ô§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ. §°§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §å §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó §Ú §ã§Ú§â§Ú§Û§è§Ö§Ó, §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ú§ç §ß§Ö§Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §ã§Ý§à§Ö§Ó, §Þ§í §Ó§Ú§Õ§Ú§Þ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§â§à§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ß§Ñ§Þ §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ, §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ð§ä §á§à§Ý§Ö§Ù§ß§í§Ö §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§í §Ó §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ñ§ë§Ö§Ö §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §ß§Ö§Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§í§Þ§Ú; §Ú, §ß§Ñ§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §ß§Ñ§Þ §Ú§Ù§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§ß§à, ¡ª §ç§à§ä§ñ §Þ§í §Ó §ï§ä§à§Þ §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ö, §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à, §ß§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ä§à§é§ß§à §ç§à§â§à§ê§à §à§ã§Ó§Ö§Õ§à§Þ§Ý§Ö§ß§í, ¡ª §ß§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§à §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§à §ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §ê§Ñ§Ô§à§Ó, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §Õ§à§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§Ú §Õ§à §ã§à§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó §Ú §ã§Ú§â§Ú§Û§è§Ö§Ó §ä§à§ä §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä,§é§ä§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §¦§Ô§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §ã§æ§à§â§Þ§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§å§ð §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§å §á§à §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ü §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Þ§å §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö?43.

§£§à§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û §Ô§å§Ò§Ö§â§ß§Ñ§ä§à§â, §á§à§Ý§Ü§à§Ó§ß§Ú§Ü (§á§à§Ù§Õ§ß§Ö§Ö §ã§ï§â) §²§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§Õ §³§ä§à§â§ã, §Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ä§Ú§Ý:

?§Á §ß§Ö §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ö§ß §ã §ä§Ö§Þ, §é§ä§à, §Ü§Ñ§Ü, §á§à-§Ó§Ú§Õ§Ú§Þ§à§Þ§å, §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Ö§ä §Õ-§â §£§Ö§Û§è§Þ§Ñ§ß, §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§í ?§Õ§à§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§î §Õ§à §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó §Ú §ã§Ú§â§Ú§Û§è§Ö§Ó §ä§à§ä §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä, §é§ä§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §¦§Ô§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §ã§æ§à§â§Þ§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§å§ð §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§å §á§à §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ü §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Þ§å §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö?. §¿§ä§à §å§Ø§Ö §ã§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ô-§ß §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â §Ó §­§à§ß§Õ§à§ß§Ö §Ú §á§â§Ö§ã§ã§Ñ §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§à §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ. §´§Ö§á§Ö§â§î §ß§å§Ø§ß§à §Ý§Ú§ê§î, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§í §ã§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú§Ù§Ý§à§Ø§Ú§Ý§Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ §Ú §ã§Ú§â§Ú§Û§è§Ñ§Þ §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §ä§à§é§ß§Ö§Ö §Ú §Þ§Ú§â§à§Ý§ð§Ò§Ú§Ó§Ö§Ö §ã§Ó§à§Ú §á§à§Õ§Ý§Ú§ß§ß§í§Ö §è§Ö§Ý§Ú §Ú §ã§Ó§à§ð §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§å §Ó §ï§ä§à§Û §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö … .

§¢§å§Õ§å§é§Ú §ã§Ñ§Þ §å§Ò§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§à§Þ, §ñ §ß§Ö §Þ§à§Ô§å §à§ä§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §à§ä §Þ§í§ã§Ý§Ú §à §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ñ §ß§Ö §á§à§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§à §Õ§â§Ñ§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§Õ§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §Þ§å§ã§å§Ý§î§Þ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§à§Û, §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Ó §â§å§Ü§Ñ§ç §ç§â§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§í, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §ß§Ñ§Ü§Ñ§ß§å§ß§Ö §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Ô§à §Ù§Ñ§Ó§à§Ö§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §à§Ò§ì§ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ñ, §é§ä§à §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §é§Ñ§ã§ä§î §ï§ä§à§Û §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ú §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §à§ä§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ù§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§à§Þ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §ß§Ú§Ô§Õ§Ö §ß§Ö §á§à§Ý§î§Ù§å§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §à§ã§à§Ò§à§Û §á§à§á§å§Ý§ñ§â§ß§à§ã§ä§î§ð. §©§Ñ§ä§Ö§Þ §Ö§Û §à§Ò§ì§ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä §à §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §Ó §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ö §ï§ä§Ú§ç §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û … §³ §Þ§à§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ §ã§à§à§Ò§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à§Ò §ï§ä§à§Þ §Ó §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §á§â§Ö§ã§ã§Ö §Ú §Õ§à §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ñ§ë§Ö§Ô§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú §á§à §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ü §á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä§å, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û, §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §Þ§í §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Þ §ã§Ö§Ò§Ö §Ú§Õ§Ö§ð ?§¡§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í?, §Ó§â§ñ§Õ §Ý§Ú §à§ä§Ü§â§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§í§Þ §Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ§Þ §Ò§à§Ø§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û §Ó§Ú§Õ §ß§Ñ §ß§à§Ó§í§Û §â§Ñ§Û §Ú §ß§à§Ó§å§ð §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§ð, §ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §á§â§à§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ó§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ö§Ò§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §ß§Ú §ã§à §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ, §ß§Ú §ã§à §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í §à§ä§Õ§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §Ý§Ú§è §ß§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§à. §¬§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ð §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§á§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ó §¬§Ñ§Ú§â§Ö, §é§ä§à §Þ§ß§à§Ô§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä §ã§Ö§Ò§Ö §Ú§ç §Õ§Ö§Ý§à §Ó §ã§à§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ö§ß§ß§à §ß§Ö§Ó§Ö§â§ß§à§Þ §ã§Ó§Ö§ä§Ö, §Ú §Ö§Û §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ä§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ú§ä§î §ã §á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§Þ §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §Ú§ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§î §ï§ä§à §ß§Ö§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö. §´§Ñ§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§à§Ü§Ñ §Ö§ë§Ö §ß§Ö §ã§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ß§à; …43.

§¬§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ñ §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ú§Ý§Ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ö §á§â§Ö§Ò§í§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö, §Ñ §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §á§à§Õ§Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Ü §Þ§Ú§â§ß§à§Û §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú 1919 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ. §®§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§â§ã§ä§Ó§å §Ú§ß§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ö§Ý §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§í §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú. §­§à§â§Õ §¬§Ö§â§Ù§à§ß (§Ò§í§Ó§ê§Ú§Û §Ó §ä§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§à§Þ §Ú§ß§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ö§Ý, §Ñ §Õ§à §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §Ó§Ú§è§Ö-§Ü§à§â§à§Ý§Ö§Þ §ª§ß§Õ§Ú§Ú §Ú §Ý§à§â§Õ§à§Þ-§á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Þ §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ) §Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ä§Ú§Ý §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§å §á§à §á§à§Ó§à§Õ§å §ï§ä§Ú§ç §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Û:

?… §¹§ä§à §Ü§Ñ§ã§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §£§Ö§Û§è§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ñ §Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §ä§à §å §Þ§Ö§ß§ñ §ß§Ö§ä §ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §ã§à§Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ó §Ö§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ä§î §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à, §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §ß§Ö §Ó §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ñ§ë§Ö§Ö §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ, §ä§à §Ó §Ò§Ý§Ú§Ø§Ñ§Û§ê§Ö§Þ §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Þ …

§¹§ä§à §Ó§ã§Ö §ï§ä§à §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §à§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§ä§î, §Ü§â§à§Þ§Ö §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §ñ §ß§Ö §Ù§ß§Ñ§ð. §³§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à §Ô§à§Ó§à§â§ñ, §ã§Ý§à§Ó§à «Commonwealth? §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§à §Ó §Þ§à§Ö§Þ §ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ§â§Ö §Ü§Ñ§Ü ?§á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ú§è§Ñ?, ?§Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§à?, ?§ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§Ö §ã§à§à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à?, ?§â§Ö§ã§á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ñ?.

§±§à§ï§ä§à§Þ§å §ñ §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ä§à§é§ß§à §ä§Ó§Ö§â§Õ§à §å§Ó§Ö§â§Ö§ß, §é§ä§à, §ç§à§ä§ñ §£§Ö§Û§è§Þ§Ñ§ß §Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ú§ä §Ó§Ñ§Þ §à§Õ§ß§à, §Ñ §Ó§í §á§à§Õ §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §à§é§Ñ§Ô§à§Þ §Ú§Þ§Ö§ä§î §Ó §Ó§Ú§Õ§å §Õ§â§å§Ô§à§Ö, §à§ß §ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §Ü §ã§à§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ö§ß§ß§à §Ú§ß§à§Þ§å. §°§ß §Õ§å§Þ§Ñ§Ö§ä §à §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Þ §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö, §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §à §á§à§Õ§é§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ú §á§â§à§é§Ö§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §à §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ú §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§ä§î §Ý§å§é§ê§Ú§Þ§Ú §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ä§î §Ó §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §â§å§Ü§Ñ§ç §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö.

§°§ß §á§í§ä§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ä§î §ï§ä§à §á§à§Õ §Ó§Ú§Õ§à§Þ §Ú §á§à§Õ §á§â§Ú§Ü§â§í§ä§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §à§á§Ö§Ü§Ú.

§Á §ß§Ö §ç§à§ä§Ö§Ý §Ò§í §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ö §ä§Ö§ç, §é§ä§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä §ã§Ö§Û§é§Ñ§ã §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§à§Û, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §à§ß§Ú §á§à§é§å§Ó§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ä §Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ö §ß§Ñ §ß§Ú§ç, §ß§Ö§ã§à§Þ§ß§Ö§ß§ß§à, §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§à …?44.

§±§Ñ§â§Ú§Ø§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Þ§Ú§â§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ñ

§¥§Ö§Ý§Ö§Ô§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §·§Ú§Õ§Ø§Ñ§Ù§Ñ (§ß§í§ß§Ö §³§Ñ§å§Õ§à§Ó§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §¡§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ñ), §Ó§à§Ù§Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§Þ§Ñ§ñ §ã§í§ß§à§Þ §ê§Ö§â§Ú§æ§Ñ §·§å§ã§Ö§Û§ß§Ñ §ï§Þ§Ú§â§à§Þ §¶§Ö§Û§ã§Ñ§Ý§à§Þ, §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Û §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§Ô§Ñ§è§Ú§Ö§Û §ß§Ñ §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú §Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§í §Ó §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú, §ç§à§ä§ñ §Ú §ß§Ö §Ó§ã§Ö §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §â§å§Ü§à§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ú §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ó§Ö§â§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§à§ä§í §é§Ý§Ö§ß§à§Ó §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§Ô§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú. §¶§Ö§Û§ã§Ñ§Ý §à§é§Ö§ß§î §á§à§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §â§å§Ü§à§Ó§à§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§à §ã§à §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§Ó§ê§Ö§Ô§à §Ö§Ô§à §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú§Ö §Ó §¬§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú. §¥§Ø§à§â§Õ§Ø §¡§ß§ä§à§ß§Ú§å§ã §ä§Ñ§Ü §à§á§Ú§ã§í§Ó§Ñ§Ý §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Þ §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §¶§Ö§Û§ã§Ñ§Ý:

?… §Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §­§à§ß§Õ§à§ß§Ñ §ã§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §ß§Ñ §ß§Ö§Þ. §°§ß §à§ã§ä§â§à §à§ã§à§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Ý §ã§Ý§Ñ§Ò§à§ã§ä§î §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Û §á§à§Ù§Ú§è§Ú§Ú, §á§Ý§à§ç§à§Ö §Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ñ§Ù§í§Ü§Ñ, §ß§Ö§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ö§ä§à§Õ§à§Ó §Ö§Ó§â§à§á§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §Õ§Ú§á§Ý§à§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ú… §¹§å§Ó§ã§ä§Ó§à §ã§Ý§Ñ§Ò§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §Ú§Ù§à§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ö§ë§Ö §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ã§à§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §ä§à§Ô§à, §é§ä§à §¶§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ú§ñ §Ó§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ö§Ò§ß§à §à§ä§ß§à§ã§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §Ü §ß§Ö§Þ§å §Ý§Ú§é§ß§à §Ú §Ü §Ö§Ô§à §Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú: §Ö§Þ§å §ß§Ö §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §ß§Ö §Ó§í§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§Ú §à§ã§à§Ò§à§Û §Ý§ð§Ò§Ö§Ù§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ó§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §á§â§à§Ö§Ù§Õ§Ñ §é§Ö§â§Ö§Ù §¶§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ú§ð, §ß§à §Ú §Ó§ã§ñ§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §á§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú, §é§ä§à §Ö§Ô§à §ß§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ö§â§Ú§Ö §Ü §¶§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ú§Ú §Ó§í§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Ö §Ø§Ö §ß§Ö§á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ß§à§Ö §ß§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ö§â§Ú§Ö. §°§ß §Õ§Ñ§Ý §å§Ò§Ö§Õ§Ú§ä§î §ã§Ö§Ò§ñ §Ó §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à §å §ß§Ö§Ô§à §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö §ê§Ñ§ß§ã§à§Ó §ß§Ö§Û§ä§â§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ó§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ö§Ò§ß§à§ã§ä§î §¶§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ú§Ú, §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §Ö§Þ§å §å§Õ§Ñ§ã§ä§ã§ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §á§à§Ý§ß§Ö§Ö §å§Õ§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ä§Ó§à§â§Ú§ä§î §á§à§Ø§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú?45.

§¶§Ö§Û§ã§Ñ§Ý, §á§à-§Ó§Ú§Õ§Ú§Þ§à§Þ§å, §ß§Ö §à§ã§à§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Ý §Ó§ã§Ö§Û §à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §è§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó. §°§ß §ß§Ö §Þ§à§Ô §Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§ä§î §ß§Ñ §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú §ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§à-§ß§Ú§Ò§å§Õ§î §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§å§ð §â§à§Ý§î, §Ú §á§à§Õ §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§ß§í§ç §Ý§Ú§è §à§ß §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý §±§Ñ§â§Ú§Ø§ã§Ü§à§Û §Þ§Ú§â§ß§à§Û §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú §Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ü§Ú§Û §Þ§Ö§Þ§à§â§Ñ§ß§Õ§å§Þ §à§ä 1 §ñ§ß§Ó§Ñ§â§ñ 1919 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Þ §Ó§í§Õ§Ó§Ú§Ô§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Ú§Õ§Ö§ñ §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß. §±§å§ß§Ü§ä, §Ü§Ñ§ã§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Û§ã§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §ß§Ñ§á§Ú§ã§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Û §Ó§í§ã§à§Ü§à§á§Ñ§â§ß§í§Þ §Ú §ã§Ó§à§Ö§à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§ß§í§Þ §ñ§Ù§í§Ü§à§Þ, §Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§ä:

?§¢§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§í. §¦§Ó§â§Ö§Ú §à§é§Ö§ß§î §Ò§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ü§Ú §Ü §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ §á§à §Ü§â§à§Ó§Ú, §Ú §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §ï§ä§Ú§Þ§Ú §Õ§Ó§å§Þ§ñ §â§Ñ§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ú §ß§Ö§ä §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ý§Ú§Ü§ä§Ñ §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â§à§Ó. §£ §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§Ö §Þ§í §Ñ§Ò§ã§à§Ý§ð§ä§ß§à §à§Õ§Ú§ß§Ñ§Ü§à§Ó§í. §´§Ö§Þ §ß§Ö §Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§Ö §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§í §ß§Ö §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §â§Ú§ã§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î, §ä§à §Ö§ã§ä§î §Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§î §ß§Ö§Û§ä§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§å§ð §á§à§Ù§Ú§è§Ú§ð §Ó §ã§ä§à§Ý§Ü§ß§à§Ó§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §â§Ñ§ã §Ú §â§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ô§Ú§Û §Ó §ï§ä§à§Þ §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§Ö, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ö §ã§ä§à§Ý§î §é§Ñ§ã§ä§à §ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§à §Þ§Ú§â §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ §ä§â§å§Õ§ß§à§ã§ä§ñ§Þ§Ú. §°§ß§Ú §ç§à§ä§Ö§Ý§Ú §Ò§í §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ï§æ§æ§Ö§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§Û §à§á§Ö§Ü§Ú §ã§à §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í §Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Û §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§í §ß§Ñ §ä§à§Þ §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§Ú, §é§ä§à §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à §ã§à§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Þ§Ñ§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ§å §á§â§à§è§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í?46.

§°§é§Ö§Ó§Ú§Õ§ß§à, §é§ä§à, §ç§à§ä§ñ §¶§Ö§Û§ã§Ñ§Ý §Ó§í§ß§å§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß §Ò§í§Ý §ã§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§î, §é§ä§à ?…§Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §ï§ä§Ú§Þ§Ú §Õ§Ó§å§Þ§ñ §â§Ñ§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ú §ß§Ö§ä §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ý§Ú§Ü§ä§Ñ §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â§à§Ó … §Ó §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§Ö §Þ§í §Ñ§Ò§ã§à§Ý§ð§ä§ß§à §à§Õ§Ú§ß§Ñ§Ü§à§Ó§í?, §à§ß §à§ä§ß§ð§Õ§î §ß§Ö §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö, §Ñ §Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ú§Ý §Ý§Ú§ê§î §à §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö.

§¥§Ó§å§ã§Þ§í§ã§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î §æ§à§â§Þ§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§à§Ü §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §¶§Ö§Û§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §à§Ò§ì§ñ§ã§ß§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ, §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à, §ß§Ö §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §ä§Ö§Þ, §é§ä§à §à§ß §ß§Ö §Ò§í§Ý §Ù§ß§Ñ§Ü§à§Þ §ã §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Û §Õ§Ú§á§Ý§à§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ö§Û, §ß§à §Ú §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î§ð §á§â§à§ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§î §Ô§Ú§Ò§Ü§à§ã§ä§î §Ó§Ó§Ú§Õ§å §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ú§è§Ú§Û §ê§Ö§â§Ú§æ§Ñ §·§å§ã§Ö§Û§ß§Ñ §Ú §Ö§Ô§à §ã§í§ß§à§Ó§Ö§Û, §ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ú§Ó§ê§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §á§à§Õ§é§Ú§ß§Ú§ä§î §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Û §ã§ð§Ù§Ö§â§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Û. §±§à§ï§ä§à§Þ§å §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ý§Ú§Õ§Ö§â§í §Ú §ß§Ö§ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§ß§í §ã §å§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §¶§Ö§Û§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ñ, §Ò§å§Õ§ä§à §à§ß §Ò§í§Ý §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§ß§í§Þ §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Þ. §£§Ñ§Ø§ß§í§Þ §Þ§à§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§à§Þ §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ä§à, §é§ä§à §ã§å§Õ§î§Ò§Ñ §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó §â§Ö§ê§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §ä§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ó§á§â§à§é§Ö§Þ §Ú §Ó§á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú, §Ò§Ö§Ù §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í.

§ª §£§Ö§Û§è§Þ§Ñ§ß, §Ú §³§à§Ü§à§Ý§à§Ó §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ú§Ý§Ú §ß§Ñ §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ñ §Õ§Ö§ä§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §Þ§Ö§Þ§à§â§Ñ§ß§Õ§å§Þ (§ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§à§Þ §ã §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú§Ö§Þ §³§Ñ§Þ§ð§ï§Ý§ñ §Ú §³§Ñ§Û§Ü§ã§Ñ); §Ó§Ó§à§Õ§ß§í§Ö §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§í §Þ§Ö§Þ§à§â§Ñ§ß§Õ§å§Þ§Ñ, §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ë§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §à§Ò §à§ä§é§å§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ã§å§Ó§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú:

?§³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §ã §á§à§é§ä§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä §Õ§Ý§ñ §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §®§Ú§â§ß§à§Û §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§Û §á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä §â§Ö§Ù§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§Ú:

1. §£§í§ã§à§Ü§Ú§Ö §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§Ñ§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Ö§ã§ñ §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ð§ä §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ §ß§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å §Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó §ß§Ñ §Ó§à§ã§ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ …

3. §³§å§Ó§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ§Õ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§à§Û §Ó§Ó§Ö§â§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §­§Ú§Ô§Ö §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û, §Ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§à§â§å§é§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ó §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§ñ §­§Ú§Ô§Ú …

5. §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ß§Ñ §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §à§ã§à§Ò§í§ç §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ§ç:
1) §£ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§í §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö, §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Ö §Ú §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ñ§ä §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ä§Ñ§Þ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §Ú §Ó §Ü§à§ß§Ö§é§ß§à§Þ §ã§é§Ö§ä§Ö §á§à§Ù§Ó§à§Ý§ñ§ä §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ä§î §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§ß§à§Þ§ß§à§Ö §ã§à§Õ§â§å§Ø§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à …?47.

§°§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §à§Ò§ã§å§Ø§Õ§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã §à §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§ç §ß§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§ã§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ§ç §£§Ö§â§ç§à§Ó§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ §ã§à§ð§Ù§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó, §á§â§Ö§Ù§Ú§Õ§Ö§ß§ä §£§Ú§Ý§î§ã§à§ß §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý, §é§ä§à ?§à§Õ§ß§Ú§Þ §Ú§Ù §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§í§ç §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§à§Ó, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §á§â§Ú§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §³§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §º§ä§Ñ§ä§í §¡§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ú, §ã§à§ð§Ù§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó §Õ§Ý§ñ ?… §Ó§í§ñ§ã§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§Û, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ä§à§ä §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ú§ß§à§Û §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Û?. §´§Ñ§Ü §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ñ §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ñ §¬§Ú§ß§Ô§Ñ-§¬§â§Ö§Û§ß§Ñ, §Ó §ð§â§Ú§ã§Õ§Ú§Ü§è§Ú§ð §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ñ §Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ48.

§¬§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ñ §¬§Ú§ß§Ô§Ñ-§¬§â§Ö§Û§ß§Ñ

§²§å§Ü§à§Ó§à§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§å§ñ§ã§î §ã§Ó§à§Ú§Þ§Ú §ã§à§à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú, §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §¶§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ú§ñ §â§Ö§ê§Ú§Ý§Ú §ß§Ö §ß§Ñ§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§ä§î §Ó §ï§ä§å §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ð §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û. §±§à §ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ§Þ §¿§ß§ä§à§ß§Ú §¯§Ñ§ä§ä§Ú§ß§Ô§Ñ, ?§£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §¶§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§à§é§Ý§Ú §Ó§à§Ù§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §ß§Ö §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ó §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Þ §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §Ú§Þ§Ú §Ø§Ö §ß§Ñ§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§Ô§Ñ§ä§í §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ú §Ò§í §â§Ö§Ü§à§Þ§Ö§ß§Õ§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §Ú§Õ§å§ë§Ú§Ö §Ó§â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ö§Ù §ã §Ú§ç §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§à§Û?49. §±§â§Ö§Ù§Ú§Õ§Ö§ß§ä §£§Ú§Ý§î§ã§à§ß §ß§Ñ§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§Ý §Õ§Ó§å§ç §Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§è§Ö§Ó ¡ª §¤§Ö§ß§â§Ú §¬§Ú§ß§Ô§Ñ §Ú §¹§Ñ§â§Ý§î§Ù§Ñ §¬§â§Ö§Û§ß§Ñ.

§£§ã§Ü§à§â§Ö §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §á§â§Ú§Ò§í§ä§Ú§ñ §ï§ä§à§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §Ó §¥§Ñ§Þ§Ñ§ã§Ü §ã§à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ú§Ö§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ ?§£§ã§Ö§à§Ò§ë§Ú§Û §ã§Ú§â§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Ü§à§ß§Ô§â§Ö§ã§ã? §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§ä§í, §Ó §ä§à§Þ §é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ú §­§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ñ §Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý§Ú §â§Ö§Ù§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§ð, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §Ò§í§ä§î §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ñ §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú. §£ §â§Ö§Ù§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§Ú §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §á§â§à§ã§î§Ò§Ñ §à §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §³§Ú§â§Ú§Ú (§Ó §ä§à§Þ §é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ö §­§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§å §Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö) §á§à§Ý§ß§à§Û §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú, §Ú §à§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ô§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ó§ã§Ö §æ§à§â§Þ§í §Ú§ß§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§ñ. §£ §â§Ö§Ù§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§Ú §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §á§Ö§â§Ó§à§Ö §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §à §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§í §Ó§à§Ù§â§Ñ§Ø§Ñ§ð§ä §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§à§Ó:

?§®§í §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ñ§Ö§Þ §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §á§â§Ú§ä§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó §ß§Ñ §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ã§à§à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ Commonwealth §Ó §ß§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§Þ§à§Û §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§à§Û §ð§Ø§ß§à§Û §é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §³§Ú§â§Ú§Ú §Ú §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó §Ó §Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Û-§Ý§Ú§Ò§à §é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §ß§Ñ§ê§Ö§Û §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í, §Ú§Ò§à §ß§Ö §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ö§Þ §Ú§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §ß§Ñ §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§ð §Ú §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§Þ §Ú§ç §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ã§Ö§â§î§Ö§Ù§ß§å§ð §å§Ô§â§à§Ù§å §ß§Ñ§ê§Ö§Þ§å §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§å §ã §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û, §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §ä§à§é§Ö§Ü §Ù§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §¯§Ñ§ê§Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §ã§à§à§ä§Ö§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§Ú§Ü§Ú §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§í §Ú§Þ§Ö§ä§î §à§Õ§Ú§ß§Ñ§Ü§à§Ó§í§Ö §ã §ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §Ú §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú50.

§±§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ñ §Ó§à §Ó§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §à§á§á§à§Ù§Ú§è§Ú§ð §æ§â§Ñ§ß§è§å§Ù§ã§Ü§à§Þ§å §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ß§Ú§ð, §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ñ §Ó §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Þ §Õ§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ö §â§Ö§Ü§à§Þ§Ö§ß§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ä§î §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã §à§Ò §Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Þ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö §ß§Ñ §³§Ú§â§Ú§ð; §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §â§Ö§Ü§à§Þ§Ö§ß§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î:

?… §ã§Ö§â§î§Ö§Ù§ß§à §á§Ö§â§Ö§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ä§î §ï§Ü§ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§å§ð §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§å §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ö§à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó §â§Ñ§Õ§Ú §à§Õ§ß§à§Û §Ü§à§ß§Ö§é§ß§à§Û §è§Ö§Ý§Ú ¡ª §á§â§Ö§Ó§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ó §Ú§ã§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§à…?

§¬§Ñ§ã§Ñ§ñ§ã§î §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ü§Ú §á§â§Ö§Ù§Ú§Õ§Ö§ß§ä§à§Þ §£§Ú§Ý§î§ã§à§ß§à§Þ §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§Ñ §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ñ §å§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§Ñ:

?§¦§ã§Ý§Ú §Þ§í §ç§à§ä§Ú§Þ §á§â§Ö§ä§Ó§à§â§Ú§ä§î §ï§ä§à§ä §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á §Ó §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§î §Ú §ä§Ö§Þ §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§Þ §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§î §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Þ§å §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §â§Ö§ê§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Ö §ã§Ý§à§Ó§à §Ó §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Ô§à §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §ä§à §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§Ö§ä §á§à§Þ§ß§Ú§ä§î, §é§ä§à §ß§Ö§Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í ¡ª §á§à§é§ä§Ú §Õ§Ö§Ó§ñ§ä§î §Õ§Ö§ã§ñ§ä§í§ç §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ ¡ª §â§Ö§ê§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ñ§Ö§ä §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§í §Ó§à§à§Ò§ë§Ö. §¥§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §á§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä, §é§ä§à §ß§Ú §Ó §Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Þ §Õ§â§å§Ô§à§Þ §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ö §å §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §ß§Ö§ä §ã§ä§à§Ý§î §Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§à§Õ§å§ê§ß§à§Ô§à §Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §±§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§î §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§â§à§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§Þ §ß§Ö§à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ú §ß§Ö§å§Ü§Ý§à§ß§ß§à §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ß§Ñ §ß§Ö§Ô§à §æ§Ú§ß§Ñ§ß§ã§à§Ó§à§Ö §Ú §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ã §ä§Ö§Þ, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §à§ß §à§ä§Õ§Ñ§Ý §ã§Ó§à§ð §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§ð, §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§Ý§à §Ò§í §Ô§â§å§Ò§à §ß§Ñ§â§å§ê§Ú§ä§î §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §é§ä§à §å§á§à§Þ§ñ§ß§å§ä§í§Û §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á §Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§à§Ó, §ç§à§ä§ñ §Ò§í §ï§ä§à §Ú §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §Ó §â§Ñ§Þ§Ü§Ñ§ç §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§Ñ…

§®§Ú§â§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ñ §ß§Ö §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§Ü§â§í§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ù§Ñ §ß§Ñ §ä§à§ä §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä, §é§ä§à §Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§â§à§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ú §³§Ú§â§Ú§Ú §à§é§Ö§ß§î §ã§Ú§Ý§î§ß§í §Ú §é§ä§à §Ú§ç §ß§Ö§Ý§î§Ù§ñ §á§â§à§ã§ä§à §ã§Ò§â§Ñ§ã§í§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ã§à §ã§é§Ö§ä§à§Ó. §£§ã§Ö §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§ß§í§Ö §Ý§Ú§è§Ñ, §ã §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Þ§Ú §Ò§Ö§ã§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §é§Ý§Ö§ß§í §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú, §á§à§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§ð§ä, §é§ä§à §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§å§ð §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§å §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §á§â§Ö§ä§Ó§à§â§Ú§ä§î §Ó §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§î §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §ã§Ú§Ý§à§Û §à§â§å§Ø§Ú§ñ. §¿§ä§Ú §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§ß§í§Ö §Ý§Ú§è§Ñ, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§à, §á§à§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§ð§ä, §é§ä§à §Ý§Ú§ê§î §Õ§Ý§ñ §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ï§ä§à§Û §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§í §á§à§ä§â§Ö§Ò§å§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ö §Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§Ö 50 §ä§í§ã. §ã§à§Ý§Õ§Ñ§ä. §µ§Ø§Ö §ã§Ñ§Þ §á§à §ã§Ö§Ò§Ö §ï§ä§à§ä §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä §ã§Ó§Ú§Õ§Ö§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§å§Ö§ä §à §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à §ß§Ö§Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ú §³§Ú§â§Ú§Ú §à§ã§ä§â§à §é§å§Ó§ã§ä§Ó§å§Ö§ä §ß§Ö§ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§î §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§í. §²§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Õ§Ý§ñ §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §ä§â§Ö§Ò§å§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §á§à§Þ§à§ë§î §Ñ§â§Þ§Ú§Ú, §Ú§ß§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§í, §à§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§Ú§Ö §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ó§à §Ú§Þ§ñ §Ó§à§á§Ú§ð§ë§Ö§Û §ß§Ö§ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§Ú, §ß§Ö§ã§à§Þ§ß§Ö§ß§ß§à §á§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§é§Ö§ä §Ù§Ñ §ã§à§Ò§à§Û §ã§Ö§â§î§Ö§Ù§ß§í§Ö §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ. §ª§Ò§à §Ó§â§ñ§Õ §Ý§Ú §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §ã§é§Ú§ä§Ñ§ä§î §ã§Ö§â§î§Ö§Ù§ß§í§Þ §é§Ñ§ã§ä§à §Ó§í§Õ§Ó§Ú§Ô§Ñ§Ö§Þ§à§Ö §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ§Þ§Ú §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§à§Ö §á§â§Ú§ä§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ §ä§à, §é§ä§à §à§ß§Ú §Ú§Þ§Ö§ð§ä ?§á§â§Ñ§Ó§à? §ß§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å, §á§à§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§å §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ú §Ø§Ú§Ý§Ú §ä§Ñ§Þ §Õ§Ó§Ö §ä§í§ã§ñ§é§Ú §Ý§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Õ?51.

§±§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ §ã§à§ð§Ù§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó §Ó §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ö §à §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö

§¯§Ñ §â§Ö§Ü§à§Þ§Ö§ß§Õ§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §ß§Ö §à§Ò§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ú §à§ã§à§Ò§à§Ô§à §Ó§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ: §à§ß§Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §ä§Ö§Þ §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §ã§á§à§â§ß§í§Þ§Ú, §é§ä§à §³§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §º§ä§Ñ§ä§í §à§ä§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ó §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ö §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û. §®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §ä§Ö§Þ §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ü§Ñ §á§à§Õ§Ý§Ú§ß§ß§à§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î. §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý §ã§å§Õ§î§Ö §¢§â§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§å ¡ª §Ý§Ú§Õ§Ö§â§å §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Õ§Ó§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §³§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §º§ä§Ñ§ä§í ¡ª §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ö§Ö:

?§±§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ö§ë§Ö §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö §à§ã§Ý§à§Ø§ß§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ô§ß§å§ä§à§Û §Ó §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ö §ß§à§ñ§Ò§â§ñ (1918 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ) §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Û §Ú §¶§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ú§Ö§Û §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î§ð, §ß§Ñ §Ü§à§ä§à§â§å§ð §à§Ò§â§Ñ§ë§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §Ó§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ö§Ù§Ú§Õ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ §Ú §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ§Þ §£§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§Ñ §à§Ò§Ö§ë§Ñ§ß§à, §é§ä§à §á§â§Ú §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ú§ç §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Ô§à §Ú§ç §Ó§à§Ý§ñ §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §å§é§ä§Ö§ß§Ñ… §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§Ö§ä §Ú§ã§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ú§ä§î §Ú§Ù §ï§ä§à§Û §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú, §Ú§Ò§à §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§í §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ä§î §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§å§ð §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§å, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §ß§Ö§Ú§Ù§Ò§Ö§Ø§ß§à §Ú§ã§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§Ö§ä §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§à §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§å §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä §ã§à§Ò§à§Û §å§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §ã§Ý§å§é§Ñ§Û. §®§í §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ö§Þ §Õ§Ö§Ý§à §ß§Ö §ã §Ó§à§Ý§Ö§Û §å§Ø§Ö §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ö§Û §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß§í, §Ñ §ã§à§Ù§ß§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ú§Þ§ã§ñ §Ó§à§ã§ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ä§î §ß§à§Ó§å§ð §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß§å §Ú §á§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ö§Þ §ã§à§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ö§ß§ß§à §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §Þ§Ö§â§í §Õ§Ý§ñ §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Þ…52.

§£ §Þ§Ö§Þ§à§â§Ñ§ß§Õ§å§Þ§Ö §Ý§à§â§Õ§å §¬§Ö§â§Ù§à§ß§å §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â §à§ä§Ü§â§à§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à §á§Ú§ã§Ñ§Ý 11 §Ñ§Ó§Ô§å§ã§ä§Ñ 1919 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ:

?§±§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§â§Ö§é§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §Ò§å§Ü§Ó§à§Û §±§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ñ §Ú §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§à§Û §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú ?§ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§Û §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú? §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ö§ë§Ö §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Ó§à§á§Ú§ð§ë§Ö, §ß§Ö§Ø§Ö§Ý§Ú §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú ?§ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§Û §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú? §³§Ú§â§Ú§Ú, §Ú§Ò§à §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Þ§í §ß§Ö §ß§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§í §Õ§Ñ§Ø§Ö §Ó§í§ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§î §Ó§à§Ý§ð §ß§í§ß§Ö§ê§ß§Ú§ç §Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í, §ç§à§ä§ñ §Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ñ §á§â§à§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Û §à§á§â§à§ã.

§¹§Ö§ä§í§â§Ö §Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§í §Ú§Þ§Ö§ð§ä §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §á§à §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ü §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ§å. §¡ §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ ¡ª §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§î§ß§à §ï§ä§à §Ú§Ý§Ú §ß§Ö§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§î§ß§à, §á§Ý§à§ç§à §Ú§Ý§Ú §ç§à§â§à§ê§à ¡ª §å§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä §ã§Ó§à§Ú§Þ§Ú §Ü§à§â§ß§ñ§Þ§Ú §Ó §Þ§ß§à§Ô§à§Ó§Ö§Ü§à§Ó§í§Ö §ä§â§Ñ§Õ§Ú§è§Ú§Ú, §ß§í§ß§Ö§ê§ß§Ú§Ö §á§à§ä§â§Ö§Ò§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö§Ø§Õ§í, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §ß§à§ã§ñ§ä §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§à§Ü§Ú§Û §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â, §é§Ö§Þ §Ø§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§â§Ñ§ã§ã§å§Õ§Ü§Ú 700 §ä§í§ã. §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó, §Ø§Ú§Ó§å§ë§Ú§ç §Ó §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ñ§ë§Ö§Ö §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §ß§Ñ §ï§ä§à§Û §Õ§â§Ö§Ó§ß§Ö§Û §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö.

§±§à-§Þ§à§Ö§Þ§å, §ï§ä§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§î§ß§à. §¯§à §ñ §ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §ß§Ö §Þ§à§Ô §á§à§ß§ñ§ä§î, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ï§ä§à §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §ã§à§Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ä§î §ã (§Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§à-§æ§â§Ñ§ß§è§å§Ù§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ) §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ó §ß§à§ñ§Ò§â§Ö 1918 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ, §ã §±§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§Þ §Ú§Ý§Ú §ã §Ú§ß§ã§ä§â§å§Ü§è§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §á§à §Ú§Ù§å§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ.

§Á §ß§Ö §Õ§å§Þ§Ñ§ð, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ §å§ë§Ö§Þ§Ý§ñ§Ý §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó, §ß§à §à§ß§Ú §ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §ß§Ö §ã§Ü§Ñ§Ø§å§ä, §é§ä§à §à§ß §Ú§Þ §ß§å§Ø§Ö§ß. §¹§Ö§Þ §Ò§í §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ §ß§Ú §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ó §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Þ, §ã§Ö§Û§é§Ñ§ã §à§ß§Ñ §ß§Ö ?§ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ñ §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ? §Ú §Õ§Ñ§Ø§Ö §Ö§ë§Ö §ß§Ö §Ó§ã§ä§å§á§Ú§Ý§Ñ §ß§Ñ §á§å§ä§î §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú. §¬§Ñ§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ò§í §Ó§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ú §Ù§Ñ§ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à §Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ö§Ö §Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û, §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§í, §Ó§í§Ò§Ú§â§Ñ§ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§ñ, §ß§Ö §ß§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§í, §ß§Ñ§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §ñ §á§à§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ð, §Ü§à§ß§ã§å§Ý§î§ä§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §ã §ß§Ú§Þ§Ú. §ª§ß§Ñ§é§Ö §Ô§à§Ó§à§â§ñ, §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§í §ß§Ö §ã§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Ý§Ú §ß§Ú §à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§à §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ö §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §Ò§í§Ý§à §Ò§í §ß§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §à§ê§Ú§Ò§à§é§ß§í§Þ, §Ú §ß§Ú §à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ö, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ö §à§ß§Ú §ç§à§ä§ñ §Ò§í §Ú§ß§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §ß§Ö §ß§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §ß§Ñ§â§å§ê§Ñ§ä§î, §á§à §Ü§â§Ñ§Û§ß§Ö§Û §Þ§Ö§â§Ö, §ã §ä§à§é§Ü§Ú §Ù§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ò§å§Ü§Ó§í §Õ§à§Ü§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ…?53.

§°§Ü§à§ß§é§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §à §Ó§í§Õ§Ñ§é§Ö §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §ß§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å §Ò§í§Ý§à §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§à §£§Ö§â§ç§à§Ó§ß§í§Þ §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ä§à§Þ §ã§à§ð§Ù§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó §ß§Ñ §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú §Ó §³§Ñ§ß-§²§Ö§Þ§à 25 §Ñ§á§â§Ö§Ý§ñ 1920 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ. §¿§ä§Ñ §á§â§à§è§Ö§Õ§å§â§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §à§á§Ú§ã§Ñ§ß§Ñ §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ:

?§£§í§Õ§Ñ§é§Ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§ä§ñ§ß§å§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §á§à §ß§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§Ú§Þ §á§â§Ú§é§Ú§ß§Ñ§Þ. §£§à-§á§Ö§â§Ó§í§ç, §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ö§Ý §à§ä §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§à-§æ§â§Ñ§ß§è§å§Ù§ã§Ü§à§Û §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §à §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §³§Ñ§Û§Ü§ã§Ñ-§±§Ú§Ü§à §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §Ò§í§Ó§ê§Ú§ç §ä§å§â§Ö§è§Ü§Ú§ç §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Û, §Ñ §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ï§ä§à§Û §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ù§Ñ§ä§â§å§Õ§ß§ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§Ö§Þ §â§Ñ§Ù§ß§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§Û §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §³§Ú§â§Ú§Ú §Ú §®§à§ã§å§Ý§Ñ, §Ú§Ù-§Ù§Ñ §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §à§Ò§ã§å§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §¬§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ñ§ß§ã§à §Ú §Ô-§ß§à§Þ §­§à§Û§Õ §¥§Ø§à§â§Õ§Ø§Ö§Þ §á§â§à§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§à §ß§Ñ §à§é§Ö§ß§î §Ó§í§ã§à§Ü§Ú§ç §ä§à§ß§Ñ§ç. §£ §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§Ö §Ü§à§Þ§á§â§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §á§à §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §³§Ñ§Û§Ü§ã§Ñ-§±§Ú§Ü§à §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ö§Û §á§à§Õ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§Þ §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ, §Ó §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö §Ü§à§ß§è§à§Ó §á§Ö§â§Ö§ê§Ý§Ñ §á§à §Ó§Ù§Ñ§Ú§Þ§ß§à§Û §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§à§Õ §à§á§Ö§Ü§å §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú?54.

§¿§ä§à §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§à §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§à §Ò§Ö§Ù §Þ§Ñ§Ý§Ö§Û§ê§Ö§Ô§à §å§é§Ö§ä§Ñ §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ë§Ö§Ô§à§ã§ñ §Ó §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§Ö 22 §±§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ñ §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §à §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à ?§á§à§Ø§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ï§ä§Ú§ç §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ö§Û §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§í §Ò§í§ä§î §á§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§à §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§í §Ó§à §Ó§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ú §Ó§í§Ò§à§â§Ö §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§ñ?.

§²§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§à§ð§Ù§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ä§î §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §è§Ö§Ý§Ú §ß§Ñ§ä§à§Ý§Ü§ß§å§Ý§à§ã§î §ß§Ñ §ã§à§á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó. §¨§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ú §¯§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§â§Ö§ä§Ñ §ß§Ñ§á§à§Þ§ß§Ú§Ý§Ú §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Þ§å §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§à§â§å §Ó §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ö:

?§£ §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ú §ã §à§Ò§ì§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §®§Ú§â§ß§à§Û §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú §à §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Þ§í §á§à§Ù§Ó§à§Ý§Ú§Þ §ã§Ö§Ò§Ö §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§î, §é§ä§à §Þ§í ¡ª §ç§à§Ù§ñ§Ö§Ó§Ñ §ï§ä§à§Û §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í §Ú §é§ä§à §ï§ä§Ñ §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§ñ §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ§ê§Ú§Þ §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §à§é§Ñ§Ô§à§Þ…?55.

§²§Ñ§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ü§Ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §ß§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å

§¯§Ö §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§Ó §à§ä§á§à§â§Ñ, §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Õ§à§Ò§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Û §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ü§Ú §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §è§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û, §Ù§Ñ§â§å§é§Ú§Ó§ê§Ú§ã§î §à§Õ§à§Ò§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §ã§à §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û. §£§Ö§Û§è§Þ§Ñ§ß §á§Ú§ê§Ö§ä, §é§ä§à §Ö§Ô§à §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ä§ß§Ú§Ü§Ú:

?… §Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú §Ò§Ú§ä§Ó§å §Ù§Ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä §Ó §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Þ§ß§à§Ô§Ú§ç §Þ§Ö§ã§ñ§è§Ö§Ó. §°§Õ§Ú§ß §Ù§Ñ §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Þ §á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä§í §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î, §à§Ò§ã§å§Ø§Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ú §à§ä§Ü§Ý§à§ß§ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î, §Ú §Ú§ß§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §ñ §ã§á§â§Ñ§ê§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý §ã§Ö§Ò§ñ, §ã§Þ§à§Ø§Ö§Þ §Ý§Ú §Þ§í §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ-§ß§Ú§Ò§å§Õ§î §Ó§à§à§Ò§ë§Ö §Ó§í§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ñ§ä§î §à§Ü§à§ß§é§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §ä§Ö§Ü§ã§ä. §¯§Ñ§Ú§Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§Ö §ä§â§å§Õ§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ó§í§Ù§Ó§Ñ§Ý §à§Õ§Ú§ß §á§å§ß§Ü§ä §á§â§Ö§Ñ§Þ§Ò§å§Ý§í ¡ª §ä§à§é§ß§Ö§Ö §æ§â§Ñ§Ù§Ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ñ: ?§±§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó §ß§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å?. §¯§à §¬§Ö§â§Ù§à§ß §â§Ö§ê§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ú§Ý §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §ß§Ö§Ö, §Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ä§Ú§Ó §ç§à§Ý§à§Õ§ß§à: ?§Á §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ó§Ú§Ø§å, §é§ä§à §Ó §ã§Ý§å§é§Ñ§Ö §ã§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ï§ä§à§Û §æ§à§â§Þ§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ü§Ú §£§Ö§Û§è§Þ§Ñ§ß §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §ä§à §Ú §Õ§Ö§Ý§à §á§â§Ú§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä§î §Ü§à §Þ§ß§Ö §Ú §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ä§î, §é§ä§à §à§ß §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ö§ä §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ä§î §ä§à §à§Õ§ß§à, §ä§à §Õ§â§å§Ô§à§Ö, §ä§à §ä§â§Ö§ä§î§Ö §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö! §¿§ä§à§Ô§à §ñ §ß§Ö §Õ§à§á§å§ë§å!?. §£ §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §Ü§à§Þ§á§â§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ñ §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§à§Ø§Ú§Ý ?§Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§å§ð §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§î?, §Ú §æ§à§â§Þ§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ü§Ñ ?§Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§î? §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§Ñ56.

§£ §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §æ§à§â§Þ§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§à§Ü §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §å §é§Ý§Ö§ß§à§Ó §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ý§à§ã§î §ä§Ó§Ö§â§Õ§à§Ö §Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, §á§â§Ú§é§Ö§Þ §¬§Ö§â§Ù§à§ß §â§Ö§ê§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ñ§Ý §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §æ§à§â§Þ§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§à§Ü, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §á§à§Õ§â§Ñ§Ù§å§Þ§Ö§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ò§í §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç-§Ý§Ú§Ò§à §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§ß§í§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Õ§Ó§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö. §°§ä§â§í§Ó§Ü§Ú §Ú§Ù §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §Þ§Ö§Þ§à§â§Ñ§ß§Õ§å§Þ§à§Ó §Ó§Ö§ã§î§Þ§Ñ §Ü§â§Ñ§ã§ß§à§â§Ö§é§Ú§Ó§í §Ó §ï§ä§à§Þ §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú.

§£ §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä§Ñ, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Þ §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î, §é§ä§à §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä

?§ß§Ö§ã§ä§Ú §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ù§Ñ §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç, §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§ç §Ú §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§Û, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ñ§ä §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§Ö §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Ô§à§ã§ñ §ã§à§à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ…?

§¬§Ö§â§Ù§à§ß §Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ä§Ú§Ý:

?… §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§Ö §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Ô§à §ã§à§à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ?. §¿§ä§à, §ß§Ö§ã§à§Þ§ß§Ö§ß§ß§à, §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§Ö §à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§Ö. §±§à§Õ §ï§ä§Ú§Þ §ï§Ó§æ§Ö§Þ§Ú§Ù§Þ§à§Þ §á§à§Õ§â§Ñ§Ù§å§Þ§Ö§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§à ¡ª §ä.§Ö. §ä§à, §ß§Ñ §é§ä§à §à§ß§Ú §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§ß§í, §Ñ §Þ§í §à§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ô§Ñ§Ö§Þ…

§³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§í §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ñ§ð§ä §Ù§Ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§à, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Þ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§í §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Ò§í §Õ§â§à§Ó§à§ã§Ö§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §Ó§à§Õ§à§ß§à§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ú.

§´§à§Ô§à §Ø§Ö §ç§à§ä§ñ§ä §Þ§ß§à§Ô§Ú§Ö §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§ß§Ú§Ü§Ú §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó.

§¯§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à §à§ä §ä§à§Ô§à, §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §Ý§Ú §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§à §ã§Ý§à§Ó§à «Commonwealth» §Ú§Ý§Ú «State», §à§ß§à §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §á§à§ß§ñ§ä§à §Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ.

§Á §ß§Ö §á§â§Ú§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ã§î §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §Á §ç§à§é§å, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §å §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó §Ò§í§Ý §Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Û-§ä§à §ê§Ñ§ß§ã, §Ú §ñ §ß§Ö §ç§à§é§å §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ.

§Á §ß§Ö §Ù§ß§Ñ§ð, §ß§Ñ§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §ï§ä§à§ä §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã §à§ä§Õ§Ñ§ß §ß§Ñ §à§ä§Ü§å§á §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§Ñ§Þ. §Á §ã§Ü§à§â§Ö§Ö §Ô§à§ä§à§Ó §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ ?§ã§Ñ§Þ§à§å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Ö§ã§ñ §Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ä§å§ä§í?. §¯§Ú§Ü§ä§à §ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §ß§Ö §ã§á§â§Ñ§ê§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý §Þ§à§Ö§Ô§à §Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ, §Þ§ß§Ö §ß§Ö§Ú§Ù§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§ß§à §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö, §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§à§Þ §Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§à§Ó §à§ß §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ú §ß§Ñ §é§Ö§Þ §à§ß §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß … §Á §Õ§å§Þ§Ñ§ð, §é§ä§à §Ó§ã§ñ §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö§á§è§Ú§ñ §à§ê§Ú§Ò§à§é§ß§Ñ.

§®§í §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ö§Þ §Õ§Ö§Ý§à §ã§à §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§à§Û, §Ô§Õ§Ö §á§â§à§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä 580 §ä§í§ã. §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó §Ú 30 §ä§í§ã. §Ú§Ý§Ú 60 §ä§í§ã. §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó (§á§â§Ú§é§Ö§Þ §à§ä§ß§ð§Õ§î §ß§Ö §Ó§ã§Ö §Ú§Ù §ß§Ú§ç §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§í). §¥§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§å§ñ §Ó §Õ§å§ç§Ö §Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§â§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§à§Ó §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §à§Ò§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ê§Ú§ã§î §ã §á§â§Ö§Ü§â§Ñ§ã§ß§í§Þ §á§â§Ú§Ù§í§Ó§à§Þ §Ü §­§Ú§Ô§Ö §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û, §Þ§í §Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Þ §ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ß§Ñ§Ö§Þ §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ä§î §Õ§à§Ü§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ… §à§ä§Ü§â§à§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Ü§à§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ä§å§è§Ú§Ö§Û §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ. §¥§Ñ§Ø§Ö §Ò§Ö§Õ§ß§í§Þ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ß§Ö§Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß§Ö, §á§à§Ù§Ó§à§Ý§Ö§ß§à §Ý§Ú§ê§î §ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ä§î §Ó §Ù§Ñ§Þ§à§é§ß§å§ð §ã§Ü§Ó§Ñ§Ø§Ú§ß§å?57.

§±§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §Ó §Ü§à§ß§ã§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §ã §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ö§Û, §ç§à§ä§ñ §¬§Ö§â§Ù§à§ß §Ú §Ó§à§Ù§â§Ñ§Ø§Ñ§Ý:

?§Á §ã§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý §Õ-§â§å §£§Ö§Û§è§Þ§Ñ§ß§å, §é§ä§à §ß§Ö §Þ§à§Ô§å §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §ã §æ§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Û (§Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§î) §Ó §á§â§Ö§Ñ§Þ§Ò§å§Ý§Ö … §°§ß§Ñ, §ß§Ö§ã§à§Þ§ß§Ö§ß§ß§à, §ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ö§ä §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§à§Û §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ó§ã§Ö§Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§í§ç §á§â§Ö§ä§Ö§ß§Ù§Ú§Û §Ó §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Þ, §Ý§Ú§é§ß§à §ñ §ß§Ö §ã§é§Ú§ä§Ñ§ð, §é§ä§à §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§î §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó §ã §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§à§Û, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §á§â§Ö§â§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î 1 200 §Ý§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Õ, §Õ§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ú§Þ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §Ò§í §ä§à §ß§Ú §Ò§í§Ý§à §á§â§Ö§ä§Ö§ß§Ù§Ú§Û … §Á §à§á§å§ã§ä§Ú§Ý §Ò§í §ï§ä§å §æ§â§Ñ§Ù§å. §Á §à§é§Ö§ß§î §ß§Ö §ç§à§Õ§å §Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ï§ä§à§ä §á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§Ñ§Þ, §à§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §Ú§Ù-§Ù§Ñ §å§Ø§Ö §Õ§à§á§å§ë§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §ß§Ö§à§ã§ä§à§â§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §ñ §á§à§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§ð, §é§ä§à §ï§ä§à §ß§Ö§Ú§Ù§Ò§Ö§Ø§ß§à…?58.

§¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â, §ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ú§Û §Ü §ä§à§Þ§å §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú §Ý§à§â§Õ§à§Þ-§á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Þ §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ, §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ñ§Ý §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §á§à§Þ§à§ë§î §£§Ö§Û§è§Þ§Ñ§ß§å. §£ §Þ§Ö§Þ§à§â§Ñ§ß§Õ§å§Þ§Ö §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Þ§å §Ü§Ñ§Ò§Ú§ß§Ö§ä§å §á§à §á§à§Ó§à§Õ§å §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §¬§Ö§â§Ù§à§ß §á§Ú§ã§Ñ§Ý:

?… §æ§à§â§Þ§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ü§Ú §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ … §Þ§Ö§ß§ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §ß§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §â§Ñ§Ù. §¬§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §à§ß §Ò§í§Ý §Ó§á§Ö§â§Ó§í§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß §æ§â§Ñ§ß§è§å§Ù§ã§Ü§à§Þ§å §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§å, §à§ß§à §ã§â§Ñ§Ù§å §Ø§Ö §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ú§Ý§à §ã §â§Ö§Ù§Ü§à§Û §Ü§â§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§à§Û, §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ú§Ó, §é§ä§à §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §á§à§é§ä§Ú §è§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Þ §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §Õ§à§Ü§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§à§Þ, §Ú §é§ä§à §Ó §ß§Ö§Þ… §Ú§Ô§ß§à§â§Ú§â§å§ð§ä§ã§ñ §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§í §Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ. §ª§ä§Ñ§Ý§î§ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ó§í§â§Ñ§Ù§Ú§Ý§à §Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§é§ß§í§Ö §à§á§Ñ§ã§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ … §±§à§ï§ä§à§Þ§å §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä §Ò§í§Ý §Ó §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §ã§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§Ú §á§Ö§â§Ö§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ñ§ß §Ú §Ó §Ü§à§ß§Ö§é§ß§à§Þ §ã§é§Ö§ä§Ö §Ò§í§Ý §à§Õ§à§Ò§â§Ö§ß §Ú§Þ§Ú …

§£ §ç§à§Õ§Ö §ï§ä§Ú§ç §à§Ò§ã§å§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §â§Ö§ê§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §Ó§à§Ù§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Ó§í§ã§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§í §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ö§Û §æ§â§Ñ§Ù§í, §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Ó §á§â§Ö§Ñ§Þ§Ò§å§Ý§å §á§Ö§â§Ó§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä§Ñ:

?§±§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ §ã §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§à§Û §Ú §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §ã §ï§ä§Ú§Þ §á§â§Ñ§Ó §ß§Ñ §Ó§à§ã§ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö?.

§¢§í§Ý§à §à§ä§Þ§Ö§é§Ö§ß§à: 1) §é§ä§à, §ç§à§ä§ñ §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§í, §ß§Ö§ã§à§Þ§ß§Ö§ß§ß§à, §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§å§ð §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§î §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó §ã §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§à§Û, §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ó §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ §Ú §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ú§Ó §Ö§Ö §Ó §Þ§Ú§â§ß§í§Û §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â §ã §´§å§â§è§Ú§Ö§Û, §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û §Ó §³§Ñ§ß-§²§Ö§Þ§à, §ï§ä§à §à§ä§ß§ð§Õ§î §ß§Ö §Õ§Ñ§Ö§ä §ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à§Ó§í§ç §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §Ú §é§ä§à §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ñ§ñ §æ§à§â§Þ§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ü§Ñ §Þ§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ §Ú, §ß§Ö§ã§à§Þ§ß§Ö§ß§ß§à, §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §á§à§ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ú§ä§î §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§à§Û §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ó§ã§Ö§Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§í§ç §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §á§â§Ú§ä§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó §ß§Ñ §Ó§Ö§Õ§å§ë§å§ð §â§à§Ý§î §Ó §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§à§Û §Ó §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Þ; §Ú 2) §é§ä§à, §ç§à§ä§ñ §Ó §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö, §ï§ä§à §à§ä§ß§ð§Õ§î §ß§Ö §à§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§à §Ó§à§ã§ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ó §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ ¡ª §ï§ä§à §ß§Ö§à§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §ß§Ñ§ä§ñ§Ø§Ü§Ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§å§ð §ß§Ö§Ú§Ù§Ò§Ö§Ø§ß§à §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§í §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ó §Õ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ö§Û§ê§Ö§Þ §Ó §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§í §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§â§Ú§ä§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û, §à §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §ñ §Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ú§Ý.

§£ §ä§à §Ø§Ö §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§í §á§â§à§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ú§ä§î §ä§Ñ§Ü§å§ð §æ§à§â§Þ§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ü§å §Ó §á§â§Ö§Ñ§Þ§Ò§å§Ý§å, §Þ§à§ä§Ú§Ó§Ú§â§å§ñ §ï§ä§à §ä§Ö§Þ, §é§ä§à §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §à§ß§Ñ §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§ä §Ú§Þ §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§í§Ö §ã§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §à§ß§Ú §ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö§ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §ã§à§Ò§â§Ñ§ä§î §Ù§Ñ §Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§è§Ö§Û §ß§Ñ §è§Ö§Ý§Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í.

§¤-§ß §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §á§â§à§ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä §Ü §ï§ä§à§Þ§å §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§å §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§à§Û §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã, §Ó§ã§Ö §Ø§Ö §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ý §ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§î §Ó§í§ê§Ö§å§á§à§Þ§ñ§ß§å§ä§í§ç §Õ§à§Ó§à§Õ§à§Ó §Ú §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ §à§ä§ì§Ö§Ù§Õ§à§Þ §Ú§Ù §¨§Ö§ß§Ö§Ó§í §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§à§Ø§Ú§Ý §Õ§â§å§Ô§å§ð §æ§à§â§Þ§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ü§å, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§å§ð §ñ §Ú §Ô§à§ä§à§Ó §â§Ö§Ü§à§Þ§Ö§ß§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î?59.

§¬§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã §à§Ò §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Þ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö §à§Ò§ã§å§Ø§Õ§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §Ó §á§Ñ§â§Ý§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ö, §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§à §ñ§ã§ß§à, §é§ä§à §á§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ä§Ñ §Ý§à§â§Õ§à§Ó §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §â§Ö§ê§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ï§ä§à §ñ§Ó§ã§ä§Ó§å§Ö§ä §Ú§Ù §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ §Ý§à§â§Õ§Ñ §³§Ñ§Û§Õ§Ö§ß§ç§Ö§Þ§Ñ §Ý§à§â§Õ§å §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§å:

?… §Ó§â§Ö§Õ §à§ä §ä§à§Ô§à, §é§ä§à §Ó §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§å§ð §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§å ¡ª §è§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Þ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§å§ð §Ó§à §Ó§ß§å§ä§â§Ö§ß§ß§Ú§ç §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§Ñ§ç ¡ª §ç§Ý§í§ß§Ö§ä §Ú§ß§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ö §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à, §ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §ß§Ö §å§Õ§Ñ§ã§ä§ã§ñ §Ú§ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§î… §Ó §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§Ö §å§ã§ä§å§á§à§Ü, §ã§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ñ§Ø§Ö §ß§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Þ§å §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§å, §Ñ §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §ï§Ü§ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ú§ã§ä§Ñ§Þ, §ß§Ñ §£§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§Ö §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §à§ä§Ü§â§í§ä§Ñ§ñ §â§Ñ§ß§Ñ, §Ú §ß§Ú§Ü§ä§à §ß§Ö §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§î, §ã§Ü§à§Ý§î §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§à§Ü§à§Û §à§ß§Ñ §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ?60.

§±§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ä§Ñ §Ý§à§â§Õ§à§Ó §á§â§à§Ô§à§Ý§à§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ, §à§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §á§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ä§Ñ §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ú§ß§à§Ö §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, §Ú §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §Ó§Ù§ñ§Ý§à §ß§Ñ §ã§Ö§Ò§ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä.

§³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ó§ã§Ö §Ø§Ö §å§Õ§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ú§ä§î §æ§à§â§Þ§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ü§å, §Ü§Ñ§ã§Ñ§ð§ë§å§ð§ã§ñ ?§Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ú? §Ú ?§Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ? ?§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ? §Ó §à§Ü§à§ß§é§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §ä§Ö§Ü§ã§ä §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ (§á§â§Ú§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö V), §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §Ò§í§Ý §à§Õ§à§Ò§â§Ö§ß §­§Ú§Ô§à§Û §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û 24 §Ú§ð§Ý§ñ 1922 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Ú §Ó§ã§ä§å§á§Ú§Ý §Ó §ã§Ú§Ý§å §Ó §ã§Ö§ß§ä§ñ§Ò§â§Ö 1923 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §Ó§ã§ä§å§á§Ú§Ý §Ó §ã§Ú§Ý§å §­§à§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â §ã §´§å§â§è§Ú§Ö§Û. §´§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ, §­§Ú§Ô§Ñ, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ö §ã§à§à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à, §ã§Ñ§ß§Ü§è§Ú§à§ß§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ, §á§â§Ú§é§Ö§Þ §ä§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §ï§ä§à §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §ã§Ñ§ß§Ü§è§Ú§ñ §á§à§Ò§Ö§Õ§Ú§Ó§ê§Ú§ç §ã§à§ð§Ù§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó, §Ú §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ý§Ñ §ç§à§Õ §Õ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ö§Û§ê§Ú§ç §ã§à§Ò§í§ä§Ú§Û §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö. §£§Ñ§Ø§ß§í§Ö §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§ñ§ä:

?§·§à§ä§ñ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§í§Ö §ã§à§ð§Ù§ß§í§Ö §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§í §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú, §é§ä§à §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Û §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ö§ß §ß§Ö§ã§ä§Ú §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ù§Ñ §á§â§Ö§ä§Ó§à§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§î §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§à§Ô§à §Ó§í§ê§Ö§å§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §á§Ö§â§Ó§à§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §ã§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ô§à 2 §ß§à§ñ§Ò§â§ñ 1917 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §¦§Ô§à §¢§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ü§å §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ, §ï§ä§à, §ä§Ö§Þ §ß§Ö §Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§Ö, §ß§Ö §à§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ö§ä, §é§ä§à §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö-§Ý§Ú§Ò§à §Þ§Ö§â§í §Ó §å§ë§Ö§â§Ò §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §Ú §â§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ô§Ú§à§Ù§ß§í§Þ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Þ §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §ß§Ö§Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ú§Ý§Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Þ §Ú §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Þ§å §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§å§ã§å §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó §Ó§à §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ§ç, §Ú,

§·§à§ä§ñ §ä§Ö§Þ §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§Þ §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§î §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ §ã §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§à§Û §Ú §ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à§Ó§í§ç §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ö§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §Ó §ï§ä§à§Û §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö:

§³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 1: §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Û §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ö§ä §Ó§ã§ð §á§à§Ý§ß§à§ä§å §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §Ú §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§Û §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §Ò§í§ä§î §à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ß§Ñ §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ.

§³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 2: §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Û §ß§Ö§ã§Ö§ä §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ù§Ñ §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç, §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§ç §Ú §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ñ§ä §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ï§ä§à §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§à §Ó §á§â§Ö§Ñ§Þ§Ò§å§Ý§Ö, §Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§Ö §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ä§å§ä§à§Ó, §Ú §ß§Ö§ã§Ö§ä §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ù§Ñ §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ú §â§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ô§Ú§à§Ù§ß§í§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à §à§ä §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§à§Û §Ú §â§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ô§Ú§à§Ù§ß§à§Û §á§â§Ú§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ý§Ö§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú.

§³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 4: §³§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ö§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§à §Ó §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ö§ß §ã§à§ä§â§å§Õ§ß§Ú§é§Ñ§ä§î §ã §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ö§Û §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ú §Ü§à§ß§ã§å§Ý§î§ä§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ö§Ö §á§à §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ, §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Þ §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ñ§Þ, §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Þ §ã §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §Ú §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö, §Ú §á§à§Õ §ß§Ö§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§Ö§Þ §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ö§ß §ã§à§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ð §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í §Ú §á§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§î §Ó §ß§Ö§Þ §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú§Ö.

§£ §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Ô§à §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ, §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à, §á§à §Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§ñ, §Ö§Ö §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §Ú §å§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó §à§ä§Ó§Ö§é§Ñ§ð§ä §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ú§Þ §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ. §°§ß§Ñ, §Ó §Ü§à§ß§ã§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §ã §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §¦§Ô§à §¢§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §á§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§î §Þ§Ö§â§í §Õ§Ý§ñ §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§à§ä§â§å§Õ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó, §Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§í§ç §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§î §á§à§Þ§à§ë§î §Ó §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ.

§³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 6: §¡§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §Ò§Ö§Ù §å§ë§Ö§â§Ò§Ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Þ §Ú §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç §ã§Ý§à§Ö§Ó §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §ã§à§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§å§Ö§ä §á§â§Ú §ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§Ú §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§Û §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó §Ú §Ó §ã§à§ä§â§å§Õ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §ã §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ, §å§á§à§Þ§ñ§ß§å§ä§í§Þ §Ó §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§Ö 4, §á§à§à§ë§â§ñ§Ö§ä §á§Ý§à§ä§ß§à§Ö §Ù§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ§Ú §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ö§Ý§î, §Ó §ä§à§Þ §é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ú §ß§Ö§à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§Þ§í§ç §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ö§Ý§î, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §ß§Ö §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§å§ð§ä§ã§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §è§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û?.

§£ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö §ß§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Ô§à §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§í §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§à§Ó §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ §Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§é§ß§à§Ô§à §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Þ§å, §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§Ó§ê§Ö§Þ§å §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§å§ã. §ª §Ó§à§á§â§Ö§Ü§Ú §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§Ö 22 §±§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ñ §á§â§Ú §Ó§í§Ò§à§â§Ö §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§ñ §ß§Ú§Ü§ä§à §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ú §ß§Ö §Ü§à§ß§ã§å§Ý§î§ä§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §ã §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ñ§Þ§Ú. §¦§Õ§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §á§à§á§í§ä§Ü§à§Û §á§â§à§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§Ú §Ü§à§ß§ã§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §Õ§Ö§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §¬§Ú§ß§Ô§Ñ-§¬§â§Ö§Û§ß§Ñ, §Ó§í§Ó§à§Õ§í §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §á§â§à§Ú§Ô§ß§à§â§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§í. §°§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §³§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §º§ä§Ñ§ä§í §Ó§ã§Ö §Ø§Ö §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ý§Ú §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§å §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ, §Ú§Ò§à §Ü§à§ß§Ô§â§Ö§ã§ã §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý §ã§à§Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§å§ð §â§Ö§Ù§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§ð, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§å§ð §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§í §æ§à§â§Þ§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ü§Ú §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú61. §´§â§Ú §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §ã§á§å§ã§ä§ñ §Ó §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§à-§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ü§à§ß§Ó§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú 1925 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§à §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §Ù§Ñ§Ü§â§Ö§á§Ý§Ö§ß§à §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ö §³§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §º§ä§Ñ§ä§à§Ó §ß§Ñ §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ61, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Þ §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§â§Ö§é§Ú§Ó§í§Ö §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ú §á§à§á§Ú§â§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §ß§Ö§à§ä§ì§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§Þ§í§Ö §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ.

§¤§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§è§í §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í

§³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §å§ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §ê§Ý§Ú §Ô§à§â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§à §Õ§Ñ§Ý§î§ê§Ö, §é§Ö§Þ §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §Ó §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö, §Ú §â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §ß§Ñ §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §­§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ñ, §³§Ú§â§Ú§Ú, §´§â§Ñ§ß§ã§Ú§à§â§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ú §¦§Ô§Ú§á§ä§Ñ. §£ §á§Ö§â§Ó§à§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §á§â§à§ã§î§Ò§Ñ §à §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §à§é§Ñ§Ô §Ò§í§Ý §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß §Ó §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ç §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§è:

?…§¯§Ñ §ã§Ö§Ó§Ö§â§Ö ¡ª §ã§Ö§Ó§Ö§â§ß§í§Û §Ú §ð§Ø§ß§í§Û §Ò§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§Ñ §â§Ö§Ü§Ú §¿§Ý§î-§­§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú §Ó§á§Ý§à§ä§î §Õ§à 33¡ã45′ §ã§Ö§Ó§Ö§â§ß§à§Û §ê§Ú§â§à§ä§í. §©§Ñ§ä§Ö§Þ §Ü §ð§Ô§à-§Ó§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§å §Õ§à §ä§à§é§Ü§Ú, §â§Ñ§ã§á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §ß§Ö§á§à§ã§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à §Ü §ð§Ô§å §à§ä §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §¥§Ñ§Þ§Ñ§ã§Ü§Ñ §Ú §Ü §Ù§Ñ§á§Ñ§Õ§å §à§ä §Ø§Ö§Ý§Ö§Ù§ß§à§Û §Õ§à§â§à§Ô§Ú X§Ú§Õ§Ø§Ñ§Ù, §ß§Ö§á§à§Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ö§Ü§å §à§ä §ï§ä§à§Û §Õ§à§â§à§Ô§Ú.

§¯§Ñ §Ó§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§Ö ¡ª §Ý§Ú§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ú §Ú §Ù§Ñ§á§Ñ§Õ§ß§Ö§Ö §Ø§Ö§Ý§Ö§Ù§ß§à§Û §Õ§à§â§à§Ô§Ú §·§Ú§Õ§Ø§Ñ§Ù. §¯§Ñ §ð§Ô§Ö ¡ª §Ý§Ú§ß§Ú§ñ §à§ä §ä§à§é§Ü§Ú §Ó §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§Ö §¡§Ü§Ñ§Ò§í §Õ§à §¿§Ý§î-§¡§â§Ú§ê§Ñ. §¯§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§á§Ñ§Õ§Ö ¡ª §³§â§Ö§Õ§Ú§Ù§Ö§Þ§ß§à§Ö §Þ§à§â§Ö.

§±§à§Õ§â§à§Ò§ß§Ñ§ñ §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ú§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§í §Ò§í§ä§î §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ñ §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ö§Û §á§à §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§è, §Ó §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ö§ß §Ó§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä§î §å§á§à§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ§Ö§Þ§í§Û §ß§Ú§Ø§Ö §é§Ý§Ö§ß §¦§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í.

§¯§Ñ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ö §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §ã §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §é§Ö§â§Ö§Ù §Ù§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ó §¡§Ü§Ñ§Ò§Ñ §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§à §Ò§í§ä§î §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Õ§à§ã§ä§å§á§Ñ §Ü §¬§â§Ñ§ã§ß§à§Þ§å §Þ§à§â§ð §Ú §à§Ò§â§Ñ§ä§ß§à …?

§´§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú, §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ó §ï§ä§Ú §Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§è§í, §á§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§í §ß§Ñ §Ü§Ñ§â§ä§Ö, §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ë§Ö§Û§ã§ñ §Ó §á§â§Ú§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú VI.

§¿§ä§Ú §á§â§Ö§ä§Ö§ß§Ù§Ú§Ú §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §à§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ô§ß§å§ä§í, §Ú §Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§è§í §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§í §Ó §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ç §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ö§ß§î§ê§Ö§Ô§à §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§Ñ (§ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §á§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ §Ü§Ñ§â§ä§Ö), §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Þ §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§Ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ú §æ§å§ß§Ü§è§Ú§Ú §á§à §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§å.

§£§à§á§â§à§ã §à §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§ß§à§Û §ã§Ú§Ý§Ö §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ

§Á§ã§ß§à, §é§ä§à §ß§Ö §á§â§à§Ü§à§ß§ã§å§Ý§î§ä§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ú§ã§î §ã §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§à§Þ §á§â§Ú §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Ô§à §Ö§Ô§à §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í, §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§í-§á§à§Ò§Ö§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§Ú§è§í §á§â§Ö§ß§Ö§Ò§â§Ö§Ô§Ý§Ú §ß§Ö §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§à§Þ §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §à§ß§Ú §ã§Ñ§Þ§Ú §à§Õ§à§Ò§â§Ú§Ý§Ú, §ß§à §Ú §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§Ú 22 §±§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ñ §­§Ú§Ô§Ú.

§¥§Ñ§Ø§Ö §Ó §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§í §á§â§à§ä§Ö§ã§ä§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ñ §Ý§Ú§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú§ç §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§í§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó. §¿§ä§Ú §á§â§à§ä§Ö§ã§ä§í §ß§Ñ§ê§Ý§Ú §ã§Ó§à§Ö §à§ä§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §Õ§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ö §Ü§à§â§à§Ý§Ö§Ó§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú 1937 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ:

?…§ç§à§ä§ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä §Ò§í§Ý §ñ§Ü§à§Ò§í §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß §ß§Ñ §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§Ö 22 §±§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ñ §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û, §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ö§Ô§à §á§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Û §é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§í §ß§Ö §ß§Ñ §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö ?§Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§ã§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ? §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ö§Ô§à §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ñ §ß§Ñ §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§à§Ó §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó. §±§à§Ý§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ú §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§î §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ñ §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§å-§Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§ð, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ö §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ä§î §Ó §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö, §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Ö §Ú §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§Ý§Ú §Ò§í §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ…

…§°§Õ§Ú§ß §Ú§Ù §é§Ý§Ö§ß§à§Ó §¡§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ó§í§ã§ê§Ö§Ô§à §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§Ñ §à§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ú§Ý§ã§ñ §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §á§à§Õ§â§à§Ò§ß§à §ß§Ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à§Ó§à§Þ §Ñ§ã§á§Ö§Ü§ä§Ö §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ñ. §°§ß §à§ä§Þ§Ö§ä§Ú§Ý, §é§ä§à §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §ß§Ö§ã§à§Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§Þ§í §ã §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§Ú 22 §±§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ñ §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û. §£ §á§å§ß§Ü§ä§Ö 4 §ï§ä§à§Û §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§Ú §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ó§å§ç §ð§â§Ú§Õ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ý§Ú§è: §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß§í §ã §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§í§Þ §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ú §Ú§ß§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §ð§â§Ú§Õ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ý§Ú§è§Ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ö §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§à §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §á§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§å§ð §Ú §Ü§à§ß§ã§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§å§ð §á§à§Þ§à§ë§î §Õ§à §ä§Ö§ç §á§à§â, §á§à§Ü§Ñ §á§Ö§â§Ó§à§Ö §Ý§Ú§è§à §ß§Ö §ã§Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à. §°§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §ã§Ö§Û§é§Ñ§ã §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ý§Ú§ê§î §à§Õ§ß§à §ð§â§Ú§Õ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Ý§Ú§è§à, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ö §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä §Ú §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §ã§Ö§Ò§Ö §á§à§Þ§à§ë§î. §£§Ñ§ê§Ö §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Ö§Þ, §Ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §£§Ñ§ê§Ö§Ô§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ú §ß§Ñ§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ú§Þ §Ý§Ú§è§Ñ §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §Ú, §ç§à§ä§ñ §Ó §á§â§Ö§Ñ§Þ§Ò§å§Ý§Ö §Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §à §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö, §Ó §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§Ö 1 §à§ä§â§Ú§è§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §Ó §á§â§ñ§Þ§à§Þ §ã§Þ§í§ã§Ý§Ö §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ, §á§à§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§å §ä§Ñ§Ü §ß§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§Þ§à§Þ§å ?§Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§ð? §Õ§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ó§ã§ñ §á§à§Ý§ß§à§ä§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §Ú §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§Û §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú. §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§Ö §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§à §Ò§í§ä§î §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§à §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§ß§à, §ß§Ö §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å§Ö§ä?62.

§©§Õ§Ö§ã§î §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §ã§à§ã§Ý§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§à§æ§Ö§ã§ã§à§â§Ñ §¤§Ö§ß§â§Ú §¬§Ñ§ä§ä§Ñ§ß§Ñ ¡ª §à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Ú§Ù §ß§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§Ú§ç §ã§á§Ö§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó §á§à §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Þ§å §á§â§Ñ§Ó§å, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§ñ§ä §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §á§à§Õ §ã§à§Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö:

?§®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä §ß§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å §ß§Ö §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ý §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§ß§à§Û §ã§Ú§Ý§í §á§à §ä§â§Ö§Þ §ß§Ú§Ø§Ö§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§Þ §á§â§Ú§é§Ú§ß§Ñ§Þ:

1. §±§Ö§â§Ó§Ñ§ñ §á§â§Ú§é§Ú§ß§Ñ §ß§Ö§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à, §à§Õ§à§Ò§â§Ú§Ó §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ §Ú §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ó §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö§á§è§Ú§ð §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö, §à§ß §ä§Ö§Þ §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§Þ §ß§Ñ§â§å§ê§Ú§Ý §ã§å§Ó§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ú §Ö§Ô§à §ß§Ö§à§ä§ì§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§Þ§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §ß§Ñ §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §Ú §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö. §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §à§é§Ñ§Ô§à§Þ §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó §ã §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§á§Ñ§Þ§ñ§ä§ß§í§ç §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß. §³§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §ï§ä§à§Û §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §é§å§Ø§Õ§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§à §ß§Ñ§â§å§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§ß§í§ç §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§í§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó §Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §ï§ä§à§Û §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í. §­§Ú§Ô§Ñ §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û, §â§Ñ§Ó§ß§à §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ú §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à, §ß§Ö §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §â§Ñ§ã§á§à§â§ñ§Ø§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§à§Û §Ú§Ý§Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ä§î §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ §Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö-§Ý§Ú§Ò§à §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ú§Ý§Ú §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §Ó §ï§ä§à§Û §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö. §ª §á§à§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§å §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä §à§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ä§Ö§ç §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ú§ß§í§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó §Ú§ß§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö, §à§ß §Ò§í§Ý §ß§Ö§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ.

2. §£§ä§à§â§à§Û §á§â§Ú§é§Ú§ß§à§Û §ß§Ö§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ä§à, §é§ä§à §à§ß §ß§Ñ§â§å§ê§Ú§Ý §Ò§å§Ü§Ó§å §Ú §Õ§å§ç §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§Ú 22 §±§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ñ §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§Û, §ß§Ñ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ö §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §à§ß §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ö§ß §Ò§í§Ý §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ. §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä §ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ§â§å§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§Ú 22 §Ó §ä§â§Ö§ç §Ñ§ã§á§Ö§Ü§ä§Ñ§ç:

a) §£ §±§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ß§Ñ§Ú§Ý§å§é§ê§Ú§Û §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§ß§à§Û §è§Ö§Ý§Ú ¡ª §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§ã§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§à§Ó §á§à§Õ§Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§ß§í§ç §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Û.

§¢§í§Ý §Ý§Ú §Ù§Ñ§Õ§å§Þ§Ñ§ß §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä §ß§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å §Ó§à §Ú§Þ§ñ §ä§à§Ô§à, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§ä§î §Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§ã§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§Ö §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í? §°§ä§Ó§Ö§ä §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §ß§Ñ§Û§ä§Ú §Ó §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§ç §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ. §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§à§Þ §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Õ§â§å§Ô§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ §Ó §ß§Ñ§â§å§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó §Ú §Ó§à§Ý§Ú §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó… §£ §ß§Ö§Þ §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §à §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Û §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§Ý §Ó §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö, §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Ö §Ú §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§Ý§Ú §Ò§í §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ. §³§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§ß§à §Ö§Ô§à §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Û §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ö§ß §Ò§í§Ý §ã§à§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å. §£ §ß§Ö§Þ §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î, §é§ä§à §Ú§ß§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Û §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß, §Ú§Ù§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§ß§í§Û §Ü§Ñ§Ü §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ, §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ö§ß §Ò§í§ä§î §á§â§Ú§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ß §Ó §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ñ, §è§Ö§Ý§î §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ô§à §ã§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ó §ã§à§ä§â§å§Õ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §ã §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ö§Û §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ú §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ö§Û §Ü§à§ß§ã§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§à§Û §á§à§Þ§à§ë§Ú §Ó §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ñ§ç, §Ü§Ñ§ã§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ. §³§à§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ö§ß§ß§à §à§é§Ö§Ó§Ú§Õ§ß§à, §é§ä§à, §ç§à§ä§ñ §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§Ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§à§Ó §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§Õ§å§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ñ §Ó §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§Ñ§ç §Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §á§à§Õ§Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§ß§à§Û §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú, §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä §ß§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å §Ò§í§Ý §Ù§Ñ§Õ§å§Þ§Ñ§ß §Ó §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§Ñ§ç §é§å§Ø§Õ§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ §Ù§Ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Þ§Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ú §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§â§Ö§é§Ú§Ý §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§à§á§à§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Û §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö§á§è§Ú§Ú §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ. §¬§Ñ§Ü §Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ä§Ú§Ý §Ý§à§â§Õ §¡§Û§Ý§Ú§ß§Ô§ä§à§ß, §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ñ§ñ §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ §Ó §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä §ß§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å: ?§®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä §ß§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä §ã§à§Ò§à§Û §á§à§Õ§Ý§Ú§ß§ß§à§Ö §Ú§Ù§Ó§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§à§Ó?. §¿§ä§à§ä §Ø§Ö §Ó§í§Õ§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Û§ã§ñ §Ý§à§â§Õ §Õ§à§Ò§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý:

?§¬§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §å§Ó§Ñ§Ø§Ñ§Ö§Þ§í§Ö §Ý§à§â§Õ§í §á§â§à§é§ä§å§ä §Ó §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§Ö 22… §é§ä§à §Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§ã§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§Ö §ï§ä§Ú§ç §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§à§Ó §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä §ã§Ó§ñ§ë§Ö§ß§ß§å§ð §Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ð §è§Ú§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ú §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §à§ß§Ú §Ó§à§ã§á§â§Ú§Þ§å§ä §ï§ä§à §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ã§å§ä§î §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§à§Ó, §ñ §Õ§å§Þ§Ñ§ð, §à§ß§Ú §å§Ò§Ö§Õ§ñ§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à §Þ§í §å§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ §à§ä §ï§ä§à§Û §è§Ö§Ý§Ú §à§é§Ö§ß§î §Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ö§Ü§à, §à§ä§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ§í§Ó§Ñ§ñ §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Õ§à §ä§à§Ô§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §Ö§Ö §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ù§Ñ§ç§Ý§Ö§Ò§ß§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §á§à§ä§à§Ü§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §é§å§Ø§Õ§à§Û §Ö§Þ§å §â§Ñ§ã§í?.

b) §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä §ß§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§â§Ö§é§Ú§Ý §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Ü§à§ß§Ü§â§Ö§ä§ß§à§Û §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö§á§è§Ú§Ú §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§à§Ó, §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Ó §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§Ö 22 §Õ§Ý§ñ §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß, §à§ä§ä§à§â§Ô§ß§å§ä§í§ç §à§ä §´§å§â§è§Ú§Ú §Ó §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö §á§Ö§â§Ó§à§Û §Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§à§Û §Ó§à§Û§ß§í. §£ §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ï§ä§Ú§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ú§ä§î §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Ü§à§ß§ã§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§à§Û §á§à§Þ§à§ë§Ú §Ú §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ü§Ú. §¦§Õ§Ó§Ñ §Ý§Ú §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §â§Ñ§Ó§ß§à §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Ö §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§í, §à§ä§ä§à§â§Ô§ß§å§ä§í§Ö §à§ä §´§å§â§è§Ú§Ú, §ß§å§Ø§Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ó §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§Û §Ü§à§ß§ã§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§Û §Ú §á§â§à§é§Ö§Û §á§à§Þ§à§ë§Ú §ã§à §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§ñ. §ª§ç §å§â§à§Ó§Ö§ß§î §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§í §Ò§í§Ý §ß§Ú§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §ß§Ö §ß§Ú§Ø§Ö §ä§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ§ê§ß§Ö§Ô§à §å§â§à§Ó§ß§ñ §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§í §Þ§ß§à§Ô§Ú§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß ¡ª §é§Ý§Ö§ß§à§Ó §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û. §´§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ö §ã §ä§å§â§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ó §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Û §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§à§Û. §ª§ç §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Ù§â§Ö§Ý§à§ã§ä§î §Ú §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Û §à§á§í§ä §Ó§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §å§â§à§Ó§ß§ð §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ù§â§Ö§Ý§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§Ô§à §à§á§í§ä§Ñ §ä§å§â§à§Ü, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Þ §ã§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ý§Ú §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î.

§¬§Ñ§Ü §Ò§í §ä§à §ß§Ú §Ò§í§Ý§à, §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§â§í §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §ß§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å §ß§Ö §à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ú§Ý§Ú §â§à§Ý§î §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§ñ §Ý§Ú§ê§î §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ü§à§ß§ã§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§Û §á§à§Þ§à§ë§Ú §Ú §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ü§Ú, §Ñ §ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ý§Ú §Ö§Ô§à ?§Ó§ã§Ö§Û §á§à§Ý§ß§à§ä§à§Û §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §Ú §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§Û §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú? (§³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 1). §´§Ñ§Ü§Ñ§ñ ?§á§à§Ý§ß§à§ä§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §Ú §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§Û §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú? §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §ß§Ö §Ó §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§Ñ§ç §Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û, §Ñ §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Õ§Ý§ñ §ß§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö.

§£§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö §à§é§Ö§Ó§Ú§Õ§ß§à, §é§ä§à §ï§ä§à §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§â§Ö§é§Ú§Ý§à §è§Ö§Ý§Ú §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §Ú §Ú§Ù§Ó§â§Ñ§ë§Ñ§Ý§à §Ö§Ô§à raison d’¨ºtre.

§£§ã§ñ §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö§á§è§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §ß§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §á§à§Ý§ß§à§Û §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§á§à§Ý§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§î§ð §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö§á§è§Ú§Ú §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §ß§Ñ §³§Ú§â§Ú§ð §Ú §­§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §Ò§í§Ý §Ó§í§Õ§Ñ§ß §¶§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ú§Ú 24 §Ú§ð§Ý§ñ 1922 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ. §¿§ä§à§ä §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§Ö 22 §±§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ñ.

…§´§â§Ö§ä§î§ñ §á§â§Ú§é§Ú§ß§Ñ §ß§Ö§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §à§Ò§ì§ñ§ã§ß§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ä§Ö§Þ §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à §à§Õ§à§Ò§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §ß§Ö§Þ §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ §Ú §Ö§Ö §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§â§Ö§é§Ú§Ý§Ú §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§ñ§Þ §Ú §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §ã§à§ð§Ù§ß§í§Ö §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§í §Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ §Ó §ç§à§Õ§Ö §á§Ö§â§Ó§à§Û §Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§à§Û §Ó§à§Û§ß§í. §´§à, §é§ä§à §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ §à§ä§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ó §Ú§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö §ß§Ñ §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §Ú §à§ä§Ü§â§í§Ý§Ú §Ú§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§å §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ú§ß§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ö§Ó, §ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §ß§Ñ§â§å§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §ï§ä§Ú§ç §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó?63.

§°§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §ä§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ, §Ó §Þ§à§Þ§Ö§ß§ä §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ, §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ò§í§Ý §ß§Ö §Ó §ã§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §á§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§î §Ö§Ô§à §á§à§Õ §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ú§ä§î §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó, §Ú §á§â§à§è§Ö§ã§ã §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ ?§Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ? §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ.

V. §±§°§¥§®§¡§¯§¥§¡§´§¯§¡§Á §±§¡§­§¦§³§´§ª§¯§¡ ¡ª ?§¦§£§²§¦§«§³§¬§ª§« §¯§¡§¸§ª§°§¯§¡§­§¾§¯§½§« §°§¹§¡§¤?

§·§à§Õ §Ó§í§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ

§·§à§ä§ñ §Ó §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§Ö §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§Ö §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ö§Ô§à §á§â§Ö§Ñ§Þ§Ò§å§Ý§Ñ §Ú §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§Ú §á§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Û §é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §ß§Ö §Ó§í§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §ã§à§Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à §Ö§Ô§à §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§à§Û §è§Ö§Ý§î§ð §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §Ó§í§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ §Ú §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö ?§Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ?. §£ §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§à §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ§Ñ §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ñ §ß§Ñ §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ï§ä§à§Û §è§Ö§Ý§Ú. §°§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ §Ý§Ú§è§à§Þ §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Ô§à§ã§ñ §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ã§à§á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à§ß§Ñ §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §à§ä §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Ó §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú §à§ä §à§Ò§ã§ä§à§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó. §°§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§Ñ§ñ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Ý§Ú§ß§Ú§ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ñ§ß§Ñ §Ó 1922 §Ô§à§Õ§å (§Ó ?§®§Ö§Þ§à§â§Ñ§ß§Õ§å§Þ§Ö §¹§Ö§â§é§Ú§Ý§Ý§ñ?), §Ú §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §á§â§à§è§Ö§Õ§å§â§Ñ, §Ó §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §ã §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §Ý§ð§Ò§Ñ§ñ §Ó§ã§á§í§ê§Ü§Ñ §à§Ø§Ö§ã§ä§à§é§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§à§á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§à §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ö§Û, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §ß§Ñ§Õ§Ý§Ö§Ø§Ñ§Ý§à §â§Ö§Ü§à§Þ§Ö§ß§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §à§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §á§à§Õ §Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ §Ó§ß§à§Ó§î §á§â§à§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Õ§Ý§ñ §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§à§Û §Ó§í§ê§Ö§å§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Û §è§Ö§Ý§Ú. §ª§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Û §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ §Ó 20-§ç §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ§ç, §ß§à §á§à §Þ§Ö§â§Ö §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ã§à§á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Ó§í§ß§å§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§í §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§î §Ó§à §Ó§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ä§à§ä §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä, §é§ä§à §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ §ß§Ö §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §ä§à, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §Ý§Ú§ê§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó. §¬ §Ü§à§ß§è§å 30-§ç §Ô§à§Õ§à§Ó, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§í §á§à§Õ§ß§ñ§Ý§Ú §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö, §Õ§à§Ò§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ñ§ã§î §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú, §Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ñ§â§Ö§ß§à§Û §Þ§Ñ§ã§ã§à§Ó§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ, §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§í §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý§Ú §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ß§í§Ö §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §ã§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§ä§î §Ù§Ñ§Ó§à§Ö§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §á§à§Ù§Ú§è§Ú§Ú. §±§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §å§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ä§î §á§à§Õ §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§Ö§Þ §ã§Ú§ä§å§Ñ§è§Ú§ð, §ã§Ý§à§Ø§Ú§Ó§ê§å§ð§ã§ñ §Ó §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§Ö §Ó§í§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §Ò§í§ã§ä§â§à §á§Ö§â§Ö§â§Ñ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ó §Ó§à§Û§ß§å.

§¯§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§à §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ

§®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §ß§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§Ý §ã§Ú§Ý§å §Õ§Ö-§ð§â§Ö §Ó §ã§Ö§ß§ä§ñ§Ò§â§Ö 1923 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §­§à§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ §ã §´§å§â§è§Ú§Ö§Û. §¥§à §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §ä§Ñ§Þ §Õ§Ö-§æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à, §Ó§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ö §Ó §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ §ã §Õ§Ö§Ü§Ñ§Ò§â§ñ 1917 §á§à §Ú§ð§ß§î 1920 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Ó §æ§à§â§Þ§Ö §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ö 1 §Ú§ð§Ý§ñ 1920 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Ó§à§Ù§Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §£§Ö§â§ç§à§Ó§ß§í§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ñ§â §ã§ï§â §¤§Ö§â§Ò§Ö§â§ä §³§Ñ§Þ§ð§ï§Ý§î. §£ §Þ§Ñ§â§ä§Ö 1921 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ (§Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ö §ã §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Þ§Ú §á§à§Õ§Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§ß§í§Þ§Ú §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú) §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ñ §Ú§Ù §Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ú§ß§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ö§Ý §Ó §Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Û, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ö §Ó§à§Ù§Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý §ã§ï§â §µ§Ú§ß§ã§ä§à§ß §¹§Ö§â§é§Ú§Ý§Ý§î.

§¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §Ó§á§Ö§â§Ó§í§Ö §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ý§Ú§ê§î §Ó 1920 §Ô§à§Õ§å §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú; §Õ§à §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §à§ß§Ñ §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Ó §ã§Ö§Ü§â§Ö§ä§Ö, §ã §ä§Ö§Þ §é§ä§à§Ò§í §ã§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§Ú §Ü §Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§å§Þ§å §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ó§à§Ù§ß§Ú§Ü§ß§à§Ó§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ò§Ö§ã§á§à§â§ñ§Õ§Ü§à§Ó §Ó §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§Ö §á§â§à§ä§Ö§ã§ä§à§Ó, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §à§Ø§Ú§Õ§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î, §à§ß§Ñ §Ó§í§Ù§à§Ó§Ö§ä §ã§à §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó. §¢§Ö§Ù§å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§ß§à, §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â §Ú §è§Ö§Ý§î §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Ö§Ö §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ó§ã§Ü§à§â§Ö §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ú §à§Ò§ë§Ö§Ú§Ù§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§ß§í§Þ§Ú. §°§ß§Ñ §Ò§í§ã§ä§â§à §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ñ §Ü §Ó§à§Ù§ß§Ú§Ü§ß§à§Ó§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §à§ã§ä§â§à§Ô§à §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ý§Ú§Ü§ä§Ñ. §£ §­§à§ß§Õ§à§ß§Ö §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§Ô§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §®§å§ã§å§Ý§î§Þ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à-§ç§â§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ñ§ã§ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §á§í§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Ó 1921 §Ú 1922 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ§ç §á§à§Õ§ß§ñ§ä§î §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã §à §ã§å§Õ§î§Ò§Ö §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó, §ã §ä§Ö§Þ §é§ä§à§Ò§í §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§á§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§î §Ö§Ô§à §å§á§à§â§ß§à§Þ§å §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ß§Ú§ð §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §ß§Ñ §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ó §­§à§ß§Õ§à§ß§Ö, §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ú §Ó §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ö.

?§®§Ö§Þ§à§â§Ñ§ß§Õ§å§Þ §¹§Ö§â§é§Ú§Ý§Ý§ñ?

§±§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §â§Ö§ê§Ú§Ý§à §Ú§Ù§Ý§à§Ø§Ú§ä§î §ã§Ó§à§ð §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§å §Ó §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú (§Ú§Ù§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§ß§à§Þ §á§à§Õ §ß§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ ?§®§Ö§Þ§à§â§Ñ§ß§Õ§å§Þ §¹§Ö§â§é§Ú§Ý§Ý§ñ?) §à§ä 1 §Ú§ð§Ý§ñ 1922 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ.

§£ §ï§ä§à§Þ §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §à§ä§â§Ú§è§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Ö-§Ý§Ú§Ò§à §ß§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ä§î ?§Ú§ã§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§å§ð §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å? §Ú§Ý§Ú §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ä§î ?§á§Ö§â§Ö§ç§à§Õ §ß§Ñ §Ó§ä§à§â§à§ã§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ö§Ô§à §ñ§Ù§í§Ü§Ñ §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§í?. §¯§à §Ó §ä§à §Ø§Ö §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§Ö §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §å§ã§á§à§Ü§à§Ú§ä§î §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§å§ð §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß§å, §Ó §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §á§à§Õ§é§Ö§â§Ü§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î, §é§ä§à:

?… §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ, §á§à§Õ§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ö§Û §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§ß§í§ç §ã§à§ð§Ù§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó §Ó §³§Ñ§ß-§²§Ö§Þ§à, §Ö§ë§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù §á§à§Õ§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ó §³§Ö§Ó§â§ã§Ü§à§Þ §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ö, §ß§Ö §á§à§Õ§Ý§Ö§Ø§Ú§ä §á§Ö§â§Ö§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§å… §Õ§Ý§ñ §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ù§Ñ §ï§ä§à§Û §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß§à§Û §Ý§å§é§ê§Ú§ç §á§Ö§â§ã§á§Ö§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó §ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ò§í §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Þ§å §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§å §á§à§Ý§ß§å§ð §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ó§í§ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§î §ã§Ó§à§Ú §Õ§Ñ§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ, §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§à, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §à§ß §Ù§ß§Ñ§Ý, §é§ä§à §à§ß §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §á§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§å, §Ñ §ß§Ö §á§à§ä§à§Þ§å, §é§ä§à §Ö§Ô§à §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §ä§Ö§â§á§ñ§ä. §£§à§ä §á§à§é§Ö§Þ§å §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§à §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§à §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §Ò§í§Ý§à §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§à §Ü§Ñ§Ü §á§à§Ü§à§ñ§ë§Ö§Ö§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §Õ§â§Ö§Ó§ß§Ú§ç §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§ñ§ç…

§¥§Ý§ñ §á§â§Ö§ä§Ó§à§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ï§ä§à§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ó §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§î §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß§Ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Þ§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ §å§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§ä§î §é§Ú§ã§Ý§à §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §é§Ý§Ö§ß§à§Ó §á§å§ä§Ö§Þ §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú. §®§Ñ§ã§ê§ä§Ñ§Ò§í §ï§ä§à§Û §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §ß§Ö §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§í §á§â§Ö§Ó§í§ê§Ñ§ä§î §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§í, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ä §Ó §Ý§ð§Ò§à§Û §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Û §Þ§à§Þ§Ö§ß§ä §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§ñ§Þ §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í §Õ§Ý§ñ §ä§à§Ô§à, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ä§î §Ó§ß§à§Ó§î §á§â§Ú§Ò§í§Ó§ê§Ú§ç? 64.

?§®§Ö§Þ§à§â§Ñ§ß§Õ§å§Þ §¹§Ö§â§é§Ú§Ý§Ý§ñ? §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ §Ö§ë§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù §á§à§Õ§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Õ§Ú§Ý §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ §Ú ?§Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§å§ð §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§î? §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó §ã §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§à§Û, §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§à§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§ñ, §é§ä§à §à§ß§Ú §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§ñ§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö ?§á§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§å, §Ñ §ß§Ö §á§à§ä§à§Þ§å, §é§ä§à §Ú§ç §ä§Ö§â§á§ñ§ä?. §ª§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§à§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §à§Ò§å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ý§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î§ð §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §ã §ä§à§é§Ü§Ú §Ù§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§Ü§Ú. §¯§Ö§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§ñ §ß§Ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ñ§Þ §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§Ú, §ß§Ö §Ó§í§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ý §ã§à§Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §ä§à§ä §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä, §é§ä§à §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§à§Û §è§Ö§Ý§î§ð §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §¹§Ö§â§é§Ú§Ý§Ý§ñ §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö ?§Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ?.

§³§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ò§í§Ý§à §Ö§ë§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù §á§à§Õ§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§à §ã§Ñ§Þ§Ú§Þ §¹§Ö§â§é§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ö§Þ §ß§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §Ý§Ö§ä §ã§á§å§ã§ä§ñ, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §à§ß §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý, §é§ä§à §è§Ö§Ý§î §¢§Ö§Ý§à§Û §Ü§ß§Ú§Ô§Ú 1922 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à§Ò§í ?§á§à§ñ§ã§ß§Ú§ä§î, §é§ä§à §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã §à §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§à§Ó §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ö§ß §Ò§í§ä§î §á§à§Õ§é§Ú§ß§Ö§ß §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§à§Þ§å §à§Ò§Ö§ë§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §Ú §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§å §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ä§î §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §à§é§Ñ§Ô?65. §±§Ö§â§Ö§Õ §Ý§Ú§è§à§Þ §ï§ä§Ú§ç §â§Ö§ê§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §Ú §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§Û §Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Û §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§í §Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §á§â§à§Õ§Ö§Þ§à§ß§ã§ä§â§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §ã§Ó§à§ð §ã§Ú§Ý§å §Ú §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ß§Ú§Ö, §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ §à§ä§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§î §ï§ä§à§ä §á§Ý§Ñ§ß. §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§í §à§ä§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §á§â§Ú§ã§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ü §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§å §¹§Ö§â§é§Ú§Ý§Ý§ñ, §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Þ§å §ß§Ñ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§â§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ï§ä§Ú§ç §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§à§Ó §Ó §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§î, §Ú §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ú§Ý§Ú §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú, §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Û §ä§Ö§ß§Õ§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ð §Ü §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à ?§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ? §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §ß§Ö§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§ñ §ß§Ñ §ã§Ú§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §ã§à§á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§à §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó, §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý:

?…§®§í §ç§à§ä§Ú§Þ §á§à§Õ§é§Ö§â§Ü§ß§å§ä§î, §é§ä§à §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §Ø§Ú§Ó§ê§Ö§Ö §Ù§Õ§Ö§ã§î §Õ§à §Ó§à§Û§ß§í, §ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §ß§Ö §Ú§ã§á§í§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à §Ù§Ñ§ä§â§å§Õ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§ç §ã§à §ã§Ó§à§Ú§Þ§Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §ã§à§ã§Ö§Õ§ñ§Þ§Ú. §°§ß§à §á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §ä§Ö§Þ§Ú §Ø§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ö§Ô§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú, §é§ä§à §Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Ö §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ö §°§ä§ä§à§Þ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ú§Ú, §Ú §ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §ß§Ö §Ó§Ö§Ý§Ñ §Ñ§Ô§Ú§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §Ù§Ñ §ß§à§ñ§Ò§â§î§ã§Ü§å§ð §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ð 1917 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ. §©§Ñ §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ §â§Ñ§ä§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§í, §Ø§Ú§Ó§ê§Ú§Ö §Ù§Ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Þ§Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í…

§±§à§ï§ä§à§Þ§å §Þ§í §Ó§ß§à§Ó§î §á§à§Ó§ä§à§â§ñ§Ö§Þ, §é§ä§à §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§í §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §Ò§í§ä§î §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§í §Ý§Ú§ê§î §á§å§ä§Ö§Þ §ß§Ö§Þ§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ö §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §á§à§Õ§é§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §á§Ñ§â§Ý§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§å, §Ú§Ù§Ò§â§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Þ§å §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§à§Þ §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í ¡ª §Þ§å§ã§å§Ý§î§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §ç§â§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ§Ú…

… [§£ §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§Þ §ã§Ý§å§é§Ñ§Ö] §Þ§í §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ó§Ú§Õ§Ú§Þ, §é§ä§à §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§à§â§í §Ú §à§Ò§à§ã§ä§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §ã §Ü§Ñ§Ø§Õ§í§Þ §Õ§ß§Ö§Þ §å§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ú §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§Õ§å§ä §Ü §à§Ò§ë§Ö§Þ§å §å§ç§å§Õ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §á§à§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§å §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§ä§í, §ç§Ý§í§ß§å§Ó§ê§Ú§Ö §Ó §ß§Ñ§ê§å §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§å §Ú§Ù §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§ç §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§à§Ó §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ, §ß§Ö §Ù§ß§Ñ§ð§ä §ß§Ú §ñ§Ù§í§Ü§Ñ, §ß§Ú §à§Ò§í§é§Ñ§Ö§Ó, §ß§Ú §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â§Ñ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó §Ú §á§â§Ú§Ö§Ù§Ø§Ñ§ð§ä §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å §Ý§Ú§ê§î §Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§Õ§Ñ§â§ñ §á§à§Ü§â§à§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§å §¡§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Ú, §Ó§à§á§â§Ö§Ü§Ú §Ó§à§Ý§Ú §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §å§Ó§Ö§â§Ö§ß, §é§ä§à §à§ß§Ú §á§â§Ú§ê§Ý§Ú §á§â§Ú§ä§Ö§ã§ß§ñ§ä§î §Ö§Ô§à. §¯§Ö §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §Ò§í§ä§î §Ú §â§Ö§é§Ú §à §Õ§å§ç§Ö §ã§à§ä§â§å§Õ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §ã§ä§à§Ý§î §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§Þ§Ú §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §ß§Ö§Ý§î§Ù§ñ §à§Ø§Ú§Õ§Ñ§ä§î, §é§ä§à §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§í §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§ñ§ä§ã§ñ §ã §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Û §Ó§à§á§Ú§ð§ë§Ö§Û §ß§Ö§ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§î§ð, §Ú§Ý§Ú §é§ä§à §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§Ñ§Þ §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ý§Ö§Ô§Ü§à §å§Õ§Ñ§ã§ä§ã§ñ §á§â§Ö§ä§Ó§à§â§Ú§ä§î §Ó §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§î §ã§Ó§à§Ú §Þ§Ö§é§ä§í…?66.

?§±§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ §¹§Ö§â§é§Ú§Ý§Ý§ñ? §á§â§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ú§Ý§Ñ §Õ§à§â§à§Ô§å §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ü §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ö§Ö §è§Ö§Ý§Ú ¡ª §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§Û §Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§Õ§Ñ§â§ñ §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ.

§¥§Ó§å§Þ§ñ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§í§Þ§Ú §á§å§ä§ñ§Þ§Ú §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ, §á§â§à§á§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ú§â§å§Ö§Þ§í§Þ§Ú §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ö§Û, §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Þ§Ñ§ã§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ñ §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §Ú §ã§Ü§å§á§Ü§Ñ §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ú. §´§â§Ö§ä§î§Ú§Þ §á§å§ä§Ö§Þ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ï§ä§à§Û §è§Ö§Ý§Ú §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §à§ä§Ü§Ñ§Ù §Ó §ß§Ñ§Û§Þ§Ö §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §â§Ñ§Ò§à§é§Ú§Þ.

§¬§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ñ §¬§Ú§ß§Ô§Ñ-§¬§â§Ö§Û§ß§Ñ §ã§à§à§Ò§ë§Ú§Ý§Ñ, §é§ä§à §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§í §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ú§â§å§ð§ä §Ü§à§â§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §á§â§Ö§à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í:

?§£§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ë§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §ã §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ§Þ§Ú §ß§Ö§à§Õ§ß§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§ß§à §Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §à §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§í §â§Ñ§ã§ã§é§Ú§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä §á§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §á§à§Ý§ß§à§ã§ä§î§ð §Ý§Ú§ê§Ú§ä§î §ß§í§ß§Ö§ê§ß§Ú§ç §ß§Ö§Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ú§ç §ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú, §ã§Ü§å§á§Ñ§ñ §Ö§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§Þ§Ú §á§å§ä§ñ§Þ§Ú?67?

§®§Ñ§ã§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ñ §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §á§à§Õ §ï§Ô§Ú§Õ§à§Û §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ §Ó§ã§Ü§à§â§Ö §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §à§Ü§à§ß§é§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§à§Û§ß§í, §é§ä§à §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§Ý§à §Ü §à§Ø§Ö§ã§ä§à§é§Ö§ß§ß§à§Þ§å §ã§à§á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ã§à §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó §å§Ø§Ö §Ó 1920 §Ú 1921 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ§ç. §±§à§ã§Ý§Ö §ä§à§Ô§à §Ü§Ñ§Ü §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ §¹§Ö§â§é§Ú§Ý§Ý§ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §à§Õ§à§Ò§â§Ö§ß§Ñ, §Þ§Ñ§ã§ê§ä§Ñ§Ò§í §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ó§à§Ù§â§à§ã§Ý§Ú, §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ô§ß§å§Ó §Þ§Ñ§Ü§ã§Ú§Þ§å§Þ§Ñ §Ó 1924-1926 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ§ç, §ß§à §Ó§ã§Ü§à§â§Ö §â§Ö§Ù§Ü§à §å§Þ§Ö§ß§î§ê§Ú§Ý§Ú§ã§î. §±§à §ï§ä§à§Þ§å §á§à§Ó§à§Õ§å §£§Ö§Û§è§Þ§Ñ§ß §Ó§ã§á§à§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ§Ö§ä:

?§¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ 1917 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §á§à§ã§ä§â§à§Ö§ß§Ñ §ß§Ñ §á§Ö§ã§Ü§Ö… §Ó §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§ç §Õ§Ö§ã§ñ§ä§Ú §Ý§Ö§ä §Ü§Ñ§Ø§Õ§í§Û §Õ§Ö§ß§î §Ú §Ü§Ñ§Ø§Õ§í§Û §é§Ñ§ã, §à§ä§Ü§â§í§Ó§Ñ§ñ §Ô§Ñ§Ù§Ö§ä§å, §ñ §Õ§å§Þ§Ñ§Ý:?§°§ä§Ü§å§Õ§Ñ §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ§ß§Ö§ã§Ö§ß §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§Û §å§Õ§Ñ§â?? §Á §Ó§Ù§Õ§â§Ñ§Ô§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý §á§â§Ú §Þ§í§ã§Ý§Ú §à §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à §Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §Ó§í§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Þ§Ö§ß§ñ §Ú §ã§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§î: ?§³§Ü§Ñ§Ø§Ú§ä§Ö §ß§Ñ§Þ, §é§ä§à §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Ö §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ? §¤§Õ§Ö §à§ß§Ú, §Ó§Ñ§ê§Ú §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§í??… §´§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §à§ß§Ú §Ù§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú, §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §ß§Ñ§ã; §Þ§í §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Ó §à§Õ§Ú§ß§à§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö, §ß§Ñ §Þ§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ß§î§Ü§à§Þ §à§ã§ä§â§à§Ó§Ü§Ö, §Ü§â§à§ç§à§ä§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ô§â§å§á§á§Ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó §ã §Ú§ß§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Þ §á§â§à§ê§Ý§í§Þ?.

§¯§Ú§Ø§Ö §á§à§Þ§Ö§ë§Ö§ß§Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ò§Ý§Ú§è§Ñ, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§í §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §à §â§Ñ§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ñ§ç §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ó §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö 20-§ç §Ô§à§Õ§à§Ó.

§ª§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å §Ó 1920-1929 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ§ç68

§©§Ñ§â§Ö§Ô§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ö §é§Ú§ã§Ý§à §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§ä§à§Ó
§¤§à§Õ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ú §ß§Ö§Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ú
1920 (§ã§Ö§ß§ä§ñ§Ò§â§î-§à§Ü§ä§ñ§Ò§â§î)

1921

1922

1923

1924

1925

1926

1927

1928

1929

5 514

9 149

7 844

7 421

12 856

33 801

13 081

2 713

2 178

5 249

 202

190

284

570

697

840

829

882

908

1 317

§´§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ, §Ó §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ö§ã§ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å §á§â§Ú§Ò§í§Ý§à §à§Ü§à§Ý§à 100 §ä§í§ã. §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§ä§à§Ó, §ä.§Ö. §ß§Ñ§Þ§ß§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ö§ß§î§ê§Ö, §é§Ö§Þ §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§à§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ö§Û, §à§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §Ú§ç §Ò§í§Ý§à §Ó§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ä§à§é§ß§à §Õ§Ý§ñ §ä§à§Ô§à, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§î §Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ä§ß§à§Ö §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö, §Ô§Õ§Ö §á§à §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Þ §à§Ò§ë§Ö§Ö §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó 1922 §Ô§à§Õ§å §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§à §á§â§Ú§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à 750 §ä§í§ã.. §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü69. §£ §Ñ§Ò§ã§à§Ý§ð§ä§ß§à§Þ §Ó§í§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ù§Ñ §ï§ä§à§ä §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ §å§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §é§Ö§Þ §Ó §Õ§Ó§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§Ñ, §Ñ §Ó §á§â§à§è§Ö§ß§ä§ß§à§Þ §Ó§í§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú ¡ª §ã §Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§Ö 10 §Õ§à §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö 17 §á§â§à§è§Ö§ß§ä§à§Ó.

§±§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú, §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §á§à§Ý§ß§à§ã§ä§î§ð §á§à§Õ §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§Ö§Þ §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ú §à§ä§Þ§Ö§é§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §Ó §Õ§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ö §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú:

?…§¬§Ñ§Ü §ã§à§à§Ò§ë§Ú§Ý §ß§Ñ§Þ §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ú§Ü §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§à§Û §ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ò§í, §á§â§Ú §Ó§í§Õ§Ñ§é§Ö §Ý§Ú§è§Ñ§Þ §ã§Ó§Ú§Õ§Ö§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó, §Ò§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ü§Ú §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §á§à§ã§ä§å§á§Ñ§ð§ä §Ó§à §£§ã§Ö§à§Ò§ë§å§ð §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§å§ð §æ§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §ä§â§å§Õ§Ñ, §ï§ä§à§ä §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß §Ó §á§Ö§â§Ó§å§ð §à§é§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§î §á§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ó§à §Ó§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §å§Ò§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§Ú§ç §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§í§ç §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§ä§à§Ó, §Ñ §ß§Ö §Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö-§Ý§Ú§Ò§à §à§ã§à§Ò§í§Ö §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ó§ì§Ö§Ù§Õ§Ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å. §³§à§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ö§ß§ß§à §à§é§Ö§Ó§Ú§Õ§ß§à, §é§ä§à §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î§ð §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ö§Û §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §à§ä§Ò§à§â §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§à§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §ä§Ö§ç §Ú§Ù §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§í§ç §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§ä§à§Ó, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ó §ã§Ú§Ý§å §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§ç §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó §Ó §ß§Ñ§Ú§Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö§Û §Þ§Ö§â§Ö §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ß§í §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§î §á§à§Þ§à§ë§î §Ó §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §Ó §ï§ä§à§Û §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö: §Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §à §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à §â§Ö§ê§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Þ §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§à§Þ §á§â§Ú §à§ä§Ò§à§â§Ö §Ü§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ú§Õ§Ñ§ä§à§Ó §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§í §Ò§í§ä§î §Ú§ç §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ó§Ù§Ô§Ý§ñ§Õ§í, §á§à§Õ§Ý§Ö§Ø§Ú§ä §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§Þ§å §â§Ö§ê§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ§å §Ó§à§Ù§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ð?70.

§±§à§Õ§à§Ò§ß§í§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ §â§ñ§Õ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Û, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Õ§Ö§á§Ñ§â§ä§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§ä §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §á§à §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ñ§Þ §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §æ§Ú§ß§Ñ§ß§ã§Ú§â§å§Ö§Þ§í§ç §æ§à§ß§Õ§à§Þ §¬§Ö§â§Ö§ß §¤§Ñ§Ö§ã§à§Õ, §Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ó §á§â§Ú§à§Ò§â§Ö§ä§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ú §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Õ§Ý§ñ §à§ä§Õ§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §ã§Ö§Þ§Ö§Û §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§ä§à§Ó, §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §ª§ê§å§Ó§í, §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §á§à§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Û. §¯§Ö§Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ú§Ù §ï§ä§Ú§ç §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §æ§å§ß§Ü§è§Ú§à§ß§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ö§ë§Ö §Ó XIX §Ó§Ö§Ü§Ö, §Ó §á§Ö§â§Ó§å§ð §à§é§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§î §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Ñ§ã§ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú (§±§ª§¬§¡)*. §±§à§ã§Ý§Ö §à§Ü§Ü§å§á§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Û §Ó 1918 §Ô§à§Õ§å §Ó§ã§Ö §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §ã§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ü§Ú §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §á§â§Ú§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§í. §°§á§Ö§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §á§à §á§â§à§Õ§Ñ§Ø§Ö §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ú §Ó§à§Ù§à§Ò§ß§à§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ó 1920 §Ô§à§Õ§å; §Ü §ï§ä§à§Þ§å §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú §á§à §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §á§à§Õ§ã§é§Ö§ä§Ñ§Þ §Ó §â§å§Ü§Ñ§ç §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §á§â§Ú§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à 650 §ä§í§ã. §Õ§å§ß§å§Þ§à§Ó ** §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ú (§Ú§Ý§Ú 2,5 §á§â§à§è§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ §Ó§ã§Ö§Û §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ú §à§Ò§ë§Ö§Û §á§Ý§à§ë§Ñ§Õ§î§ð 26 §Þ§Ý§ß. §Õ§å§ß§å§Þ§à§Ó)71. §¬ §Ü§à§ß§è§å §Õ§Ö§ã§ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§ñ §ï§ä§Ñ §è§Ú§æ§â§Ñ §Ó§à§Ù§â§à§ã§Ý§Ñ §á§à§é§ä§Ú §Ó§Õ§Ó§à§Ö §Ú §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ô§Ý§Ñ 1,2 §Þ§Ý§ß.§Õ§å§ß§å§Þ§à§Ó, §Ú§Ý§Ú §ß§Ö§Þ§ß§à§Ô§Ú§Þ §Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§Ö 5 §á§â§à§è§Ö§ß§ä§à§Ó72.

§£ §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Þ §ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ §á§â§à§Õ§Ó§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §á§à §á§å§ä§Ú §Ü §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð ?§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ? §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §á§â§à§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ñ §Ø§Ö§ã§ä§Ü§å§ð §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§å, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§å§ð §ã§Ö§Ô§à§Õ§ß§ñ §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ú§ä§î §Ü§Ñ§Ü §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§å §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§à§Û §Õ§Ú§ã§Ü§â§Ú§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú. §´§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §â§Ñ§Ò§à§é§Ñ§ñ §ã§Ú§Ý§Ñ §Õ§à§á§å§ã§Ü§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Ü §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ö §ß§Ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §æ§Ö§â§Þ§Ñ§ç §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ó §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §á§à§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§ç. §¬§à§ß§Ö§é§ß§í§Þ §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§à§Þ §ï§ä§à§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Þ§Ñ§ã§ã§à§Ó§í§Ö §Ó§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó 1929 §Ô§à§Õ§å, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú §Ü §ß§Ö§Ò§í§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§Þ§å §Ü§à§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å §ã§á§à§â§à§Ó §Ú §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ö§Û §º§à§å. §£§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ §Ù§Ñ §ï§ä§Ú§Þ §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§à§Ó §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ú §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§é§Ú §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ú §Ù§Ñ§ß§ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ñ§ñ §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ñ §Ó§à §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§Ö §ã §ã§ï§â§à§Þ §¥§Ø§à§ß§à§Þ §·§à§å§á§à§Þ §³§Ú§Þ§á§ã§à§ß§à§Þ. §¯§Ö§Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ö§é§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §·§à§å§á§Ñ §³§Ú§Þ§á§ã§à§ß§Ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã, §à§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à §ä§Ö, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ü§Ñ§ã§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ó §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §â§Ñ§Ò§à§é§Ö§Û §ã§Ú§Ý§í §Ú §Ù§Ñ§ß§ñ§ä§à§ã§ä§Ú.

§¬§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ñ §á§à§Õ§â§à§Ò§ß§í§Û §Õ§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ, §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å §ß§Ñ §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§í §Ó §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §ã §Ú§ç §á§â§Ú§Ô§à§Õ§ß§à§ã§ä§î§ð §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ú§ñ §Ú §à§è§Ö§ß§Ú§Ó §à§Ò§ë§å§ð §á§Ý§à§ë§Ñ§Õ§î §á§â§Ú§Ô§à§Õ§ß§à§Û §Ü §Ó§à§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§í§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ú §á§â§Ú§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §Ó 6,5 §Þ§Ý§ß. §Õ§å§ß§å§Þ§à§Ó, §Ú§Ù §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §á§â§Ú§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §ê§Ö§ã§ä§Ñ§ñ §é§Ñ§ã§ä§î §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Ó §â§å§Ü§Ñ§ç §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó73.

§£ §Õ§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ö §Ó§Ö§ã§î§Þ§Ñ §á§à§Õ§â§à§Ò§ß§à §à§á§Ú§ã§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ó §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §ß§Ñ§Û§Þ§Ñ §ß§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§å §Ú §è§Ú§ä§Ú§â§å§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §â§ñ§Õ §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Û:

?§£§Ý§Ú§ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §ß§Ñ §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§à§Ö §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §Þ§Ö§â§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§ä §à§ä §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§Û, §ß§Ñ §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ó§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ö§ð§ä §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§Û, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §á§â§à§Õ§Ñ§ð§ä §Ú §ã§Õ§Ñ§ð§ä §Ö§Ö §Ó §Ñ§â§Ö§ß§Õ§å.

§µ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó §¦§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ñ§Ô§Ö§ß§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ: §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ü§Ñ§ã§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Ö§ã§ñ §Ó§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§Û §Ú §ß§Ñ§Û§Þ§Ñ §ß§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§å…

§©§Ö§Þ§Ý§ñ §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§Ñ §á§â§Ú§à§Ò§â§Ö§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ú … §ã§é§Ú§ä§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ö§à§ä§é§å§Ø§Õ§Ñ§Ö§Þ§à§Û §ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î§ð §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ.

§¡§Ô§Ö§ß§ä§ã§ä§Ó§à §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§å§Ö§ä §ã§Ö§Ý§î§ã§Ü§à§ç§à§Ù§ñ§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Û §ß§Ñ §ä§â§å§Õ§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó… §ã§é§Ú§ä§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Õ§Ö§Ý§à§Þ §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§Ñ, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §ä§â§å§Õ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó…

§±§â§à§Ö§Ü§ä §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à§Ò §Ñ§â§Ö§ß§Õ§Ö, §á§à§Õ§Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û §æ§à§ß§Õ§à§Þ §¬§Ö§â§Ö§ß §¬§Ñ§Ö§Þ§Ö§ä: §á§â§Ú§Ö§Þ §ß§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§å §Ú§ã§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §â§Ñ§Ò§à§é§Ö§Û §ã§Ú§Ý§í

… §¡§â§Ö§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§à§â §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§å§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §á§â§à§Ú§Ù§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§î §Ó§ã§Ö §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§í, §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §ã §Ó§à§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§í§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ñ§â§Ö§ß§Õ§å§Ö§Þ§à§Ô§à §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ü§Ñ, §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó. §£ §ã§Ý§å§é§Ñ§Ö §ß§Ö§Ó§í§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §á§å§ä§Ö§Þ §ß§Ñ§Û§Þ§Ñ §ß§Ö§Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §â§Ñ§Ò§à§é§Ö§Û §ã§Ú§Ý§í §Ñ§â§Ö§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§à§â §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß §Ó§í§á§Ý§Ñ§ä§Ú§ä§î §Ü§à§Þ§á§Ö§ß§ã§Ñ§è§Ú§ð…

§³§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §à§Ò §Ñ§â§Ö§ß§Õ§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö, §é§ä§à §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§à§Ü §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §Ó §á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ…

§³§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §æ§à§ß§Õ§Ñ §¬§Ö§â§Ö§ß §¤§Ñ§Ö§ã§à§Õ: §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §â§Ñ§Ò§à§é§Ö§Û §ã§Ú§Ý§í

§£ §ß§Ú§ç §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§í §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ:

?§³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 7. §¯§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ñ§ë§Ú§Þ §á§à§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ö§è §Ò§Ö§â§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ §ã§Ö§Ò§ñ §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à, §é§ä§à … §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §Ú §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §à§ß §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §Ó§í§ß§å§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß §ß§Ñ§ß§ñ§ä§î §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ, §à§ß §ß§Ñ§Û§Þ§Ö§ä §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ?.

§£ §á§à§Õ§à§Ò§ß§à§Ö §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Û §¦§Þ§Ö§Ü §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§à §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ö§Ö §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö:

§³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 11. §±§à§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ö§è §Ò§Ö§â§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ §ã§Ö§Ò§ñ §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à … §ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§î §â§Ñ§Ò§à§é§å§ð §ã§Ú§Ý§å §ã§à §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §Ú§Ù §é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ?74.

§£ §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ú §ã §Ü§à§Þ§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §á§à §á§à§Ó§à§Õ§å §á§à§Ù§Ú§è§Ú§Ú §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó §Ó §Õ§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ö §à§ä§Þ§Ö§é§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Ö§ñ§ä§î §á§à§Õ§à§Ù§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó:

?§³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ §á§à §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ü §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ §Ó §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§ñ§ç.

§ª§Ù§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ó§í§ê§Ö §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ä§à§é§ß§à §é§Ö§ä§Ü§à §Ú§Ý§Ý§ð§ã§ä§â§Ú§â§å§ð§ä §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§å§ð §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§å §á§à §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ü §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ §Ó §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§ñ§ç. §±§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§ß§à §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §á§à§á§í§ä§Ü§Ú §á§à§Õ§é§Ö§â§Ü§ß§å§ä§î §Ó§í§Ô§à§Õ§å, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§å§ð §á§â§Ú§ß§Ö§ã§Ý§à §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó. §¯§Ñ §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ç §Þ§Ú§ä§Ú§ß§Ô§Ñ§ç §Ú §Ó §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §á§â§à§á§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ö §á§â§à§Ó§à§Ù§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§Ö §Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§â§à§Õ§ß§í§Ö §å§ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §¯§Ñ §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Þ §Ü§à§ß§Ô§â§Ö§ã§ã§Ö §Ó 1931 §Ô§à§Õ§å §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§Ñ §â§Ö§Ù§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ ?§ä§à§â§Ø§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à §á§â§à§Ó§à§Ù§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ñ §ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ §Ø§Ú§ä§î §Ò§à§Ü §à §Ò§à§Ü §ã §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§à§Þ §Ú §á§â§Ö§Ó§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§ä§î §Ú§ç §à§Ò§ë§å§ð §â§à§Õ§Ú§ß§å §Ó §á§â§à§è§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ§ð§ë§å§ð §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß§å, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§Ö §à§Ò§à§Ú§ç §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§à§Ó?. §¿§ä§å §â§Ö§Ù§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§ð §é§Ñ§ã§ä§à §á§â§Ú§Ó§à§Õ§ñ§ä §Ó §Õ§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§ç §Ú§ã§Ü§â§Ö§ß§ß§Ú§ç §é§å§Ó§ã§ä§Ó, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ §á§Ú§ä§Ñ§Ö§ä §á§à §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ü §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§å §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í. §ª§Ù§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ó§í§ê§Ö §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§í §Ó §ð§â§Ú§Õ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Õ§à§Ü§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§í, §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ø§Õ§à§Ô§à §á§à§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§è§Ñ §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Ú, §ß§Ö §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ä §ï§ä§Ú§Þ §á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§Þ §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ?75.

§£ §ä§à §Ø§Ö §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §¬§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ñ, §à§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ô§Ñ§ñ §Ñ§â§Ô§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§í §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó §Ó §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ü§å §Ú§ç §Õ§Ú§ã§Ü§â§Ú§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§à§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú, §Ó§í§â§Ñ§Ù§Ú§Ý§Ñ §Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, §é§ä§à §à§ß§Ú §ß§Ñ§â§å§ê§Ñ§ð§ä §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ:

?§±§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ, §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§â§Ö§é§Ñ§ë§Ñ§ñ §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§Ö 6 §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ … §±§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á §á§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §Ò§à§Û§Ü§à§ä§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Û §â§Ñ§Ò§à§é§Ö§Û §ã§Ú§Ý§í §Ó §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§ñ§ç §ß§Ö §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§â§Ö§é§Ú§ä §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ §ï§ä§à§Û §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§Ú §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ, §ß§à §Ú §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §á§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§ß§í§Þ §Ú §â§Ñ§ã§ä§å§ë§Ú§Þ §Ú§ã§ä§à§é§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Þ §å§Ô§â§à§Ù§í §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ó§ã§Ö§Û §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í?76.

§£ §Õ§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ö §Ó §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§ç §â§Ö§Ù§Ü§Ú§ç §ä§à§ß§Ñ§ç §Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §à §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §ß§Ñ §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§í§ç §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó.

?§£§Ý§Ú§ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ó §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §ß§Ñ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó.
§¶§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §Ó §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§Ö §á§à§Ü§å§á§Ü§Ú §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ú §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §¦§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §æ§à§ß§Õ§à§Þ §ï§ä§Ñ §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§ñ §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §ï§Ü§ã§ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û. §¡§â§Ñ§Ò§í §ß§Ö §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §ï§ä§à§Û §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§Û §ß§Ú §ã§Ö§Û§é§Ñ§ã, §ß§Ú §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ-§Ý§Ú§Ò§à §Ó §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Þ. §µ §ß§Ú§ç §ß§Ö §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §ß§Ö§ä §ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö§Ø§Õ §Ñ§â§Ö§ß§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ï§ä§å §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§ð §Ú§Ý§Ú §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ö§Ö, §ß§à §Ó §ã§Ú§Ý§å §Ø§Ö§ã§ä§Ü§Ú§ç §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§Û §ã§Õ§Ñ§é§Ú §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ú §Ó §Ñ§â§Ö§ß§Õ§å §¦§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §æ§à§ß§Õ§à§Þ §à§ß§Ú §ß§Ñ§Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§Õ§Ñ §Ý§Ú§ê§Ö§ß§í §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§ä§î §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§å §ß§Ñ §ï§ä§à§Û §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö. §¬§â§à§Þ§Ö §ä§à§Ô§à, §ß§Ú§Ü§ä§à §ß§Ö §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §á§à§Þ§à§é§î §Ú§Þ, §Ü§å§á§Ú§Ó §ï§ä§å §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§ð §Ú §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§Ó §Ö§Ö §Ó §à§Ò§ë§Ö§Ö §á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö. §¿§ä§Ñ §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§ñ §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä§ã§ñ ?§á§à§Õ §Þ§Ö§â§ä§Ó§à§Û §â§å§Ü§à§Û? §Ú §ß§Ö§à§ä§é§å§Ø§Õ§Ñ§Ö§Þ§Ñ. §£§à§ä §á§à§é§Ö§Þ§å §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§í §ã§Ü§Ö§á§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §à§ä§ß§à§ã§ñ§ä§ã§ñ §Ü §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ §Ó §Õ§â§å§Ø§Ò§Ö §Ú §Õ§à§Ò§â§à§Û §Ó§à§Ý§Ö §ã§à §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó, §å§é§Ú§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§ñ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§å, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§å§ð §á§â§Ö§Õ§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§ß§à §á§â§à§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ75.

§©§Ö§Þ§Ý§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§à§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Û.

§³§ä§Ñ§Ý§à §å§Ø§Ö §ã§à§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ö§ß§ß§à §à§é§Ö§Ó§Ú§Õ§ß§í§Þ, §é§ä§à §Ó §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ñ§ë§Ö§Ö §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §Ú §á§â§Ú §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §Þ§Ö§ä§à§Õ§Ñ§ç §Ó§à§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§í§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ§Ú §ß§Ö §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§ß§à§Û §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §ã§Ö§Ý§î§ã§Ü§à§ç§à§Ù§ñ§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §á§à§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §ß§à§Ó§í§ç §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§ä§à§Ó, §Ù§Ñ §Ú§ã§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §ä§Ö§ç §ß§Ö§à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§Þ§í§ç §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ü§à§Ó, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ä §Ó §â§Ö§Ù§Ö§â§Ó§Ö?77.

§³§à§Ò§í§ä§Ú§ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ó §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö 20-§ç §Ô§à§Õ§à§Ó ¡ª §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó 1929 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Ú §Õ§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ§í §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Û §º§à§å §Ú §·§à§å§á§Ñ §³§Ú§Þ§á§ã§à§ß§Ñ ¡ª §Ö§ë§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù §á§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§Ú, §ß§Ñ§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §é§â§Ö§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ñ §à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§î§ð §ã§Ú§ä§å§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö, §Ô§Õ§Ö §ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó §Ü §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó§ã§ä§â§Ö§é§Ñ§Ý§à §â§Ñ§ã§ä§å§ë§Ö§Ö §ã§à§á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§à §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó. §µ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ñ §ã§Ó§à§ð §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§å§ð §Þ§à§ë§î §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ú §ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§ñ§ã§î §â§Ñ§Ù§â§ñ§Õ§Ú§ä§î §à§Ò§à§ã§ä§â§ñ§ð§ë§å§ð§ã§ñ §à§Ò§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ü§å, §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ú§Ý§Ñ §ã §ß§à§Ó§í§Þ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ö §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§Ý§à §ß§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö ?§¢§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ñ §Ü§ß§Ú§Ô§Ñ §±§Ñ§ã§ã§æ§Ú§Ý§Õ§Ñ?***. §¬§â§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§å§ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ý§Ú§Õ§Ö§â§à§Ó §Ù§Ñ §Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §è§Ö§Ý§ñ§ç §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§Õ§à§Ò§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §å§ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó §Ó §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ú §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§é§Ú §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ú, §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ú §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó §Ù§Ñ §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §à §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö ?… §ã§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ð§ä §ß§Ö§Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§í§Þ … §Ó§í§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §á§à§Ý§ß§à§Þ §à§Ò§ì§Ö§Þ§Ö §Õ§Ó§à§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ?78 §Ó §ï§ä§à§Þ §Õ§à§Ü§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ö 1930 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §á§à§á§í§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §ã§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ä§î §Ñ§Ü§è§Ö§ß§ä §á§à §ã§â§Ñ§Ó§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ã ?§®§Ö§Þ§à§â§Ñ§ß§Õ§å§Þ§à§Þ §¹§Ö§â§é§Ú§Ý§Ý§ñ?, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Þ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§à§Ö §Ó§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §å§Õ§Ö§Ý§ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ. §£ §Õ§à§Ü§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ö §±§Ñ§ã§ã§æ§Ú§Ý§Õ§Ñ §Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ú§ä§ã§ñ:

?… §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §á§à§á§í§ä§Ü§Ú §Õ§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§î §Ó §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ü§å §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó, §é§ä§à §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§ß§à§Û §é§Ñ§ã§ä§î§ð §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ä§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§í, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ü§Ñ§ã§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ, §Ú §é§ä§à §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§í, §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó §ß§Ö§Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß§í, §ß§à§ã§ñ§ä §Ó§ä§à§â§à§ã§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â §Ú §Ó §ß§Ö§Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §ã§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§Ú §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§ñ§ð§ä §ä§à, §é§ä§à §ñ§Ü§à§Ò§í §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§à§Û §è§Ö§Ý§î§ð, §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §Ú §Ò§í§Ý §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä…

§±§Ö§â§Ö§Õ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §¦§Ô§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §ã§ä§à§Ú§ä §ä§â§å§Õ§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ú §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ä§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ù§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§é§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ñ§ä§î §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §ã§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §ã §á§à§Þ§à§ë§î§ð §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §á§â§Ú §á§â§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §á§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§ß§à §å§Õ§Ö§Ý§ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §Ò§í §à§Õ§Ú§ß§Ñ§Ü§à§Ó§à§Ö §Ó§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ, §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§í§Þ §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ü§Ñ§Ü §à§Õ§ß§à§Û, §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô§à§Û §Ô§â§å§á§á§í §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ï§ä§Ú §Õ§Ó§Ñ §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §Ó §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ú §ã §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Þ§Ú §ß§Ö§Ú§Ù§Ò§Ö§Ø§ß§à §Ó§à§Ù§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ð§ä §ã§ä§à§Ý§Ü§ß§à§Ó§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§à§Ó §à§Ò§Ö§Ú§ç §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß? 79.

§£ §ï§ä§à§Þ §Õ§à§Ü§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ö §à§Ò§ì§ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §à §ß§à§Ó§à§Û §á§à§á§í§ä§Ü§Ö §å§é§â§Ö§Õ§Ú§ä§î §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ä. §¬§â§à§Þ§Ö §ä§à§Ô§à, §Ó §ß§Ö§Þ §Ú§Ù§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §ß§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§ß§à§Ó§î §Ó§Ù§ñ§ä§î §Ó §ã§Ó§à§Ú §â§å§Ü§Ú §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§í§ç §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§à§Ó, §Ü§Ñ§ã§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ú §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§é§Ú §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Þ§Ú §Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §¦§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Ñ§Ô§Ö§ß§ä§ã§ä§Ó§à, §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ö§Ö §à§ä§ß§ð§Õ§î §ß§Ö §Ó §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§Ñ§ç §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó80. §£ §Õ§à§Ü§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ö, §ß§Ñ§â§ñ§Õ§å §ã §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §ä§à§Ô§à, §é§ä§à §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ý§Ú§Ü§ä §á§â§Ú§à§Ò§â§Ö§ä§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ó§ã§Ö §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §ê§Ú§â§à§Ü§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ñ§ã§ê§ä§Ñ§Ò§í, §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ó§í§Ó§à§Õ, §é§ä§à §Ø§Ñ§Ý§à§Ò§í §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §à§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Õ§Ñ§ß§í, §ß§à §á§â§Ú §ï§ä§à§Þ §ß§Ñ§Õ§à §å§é§Ú§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ú §ß§Ö§Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§á§â§Ú§ñ§ä§ß§í§Ö §à§Ò§ã§ä§à§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ:

?§±§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §¦§Ô§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§ë§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ü §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ §ã §á§â§à§ã§î§Ò§à§Û §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ä§î §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§í §Ú §á§â§Ú§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ú§ç §á§â§Ú§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§ä§î §á§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ §Ü §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ã§à§ä§â§å§Õ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§ä§î §á§â§à§è§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§ã§Ö§Û §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í §Ó §è§Ö§Ý§à§Þ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ö §á§â§Ú§ß§Ö§ã§Ö§ä §Ó§í§Ô§à§Õ§å §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ. §±§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §¦§Ô§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§ë§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ü §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §Ý§Ú§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§Þ §ã §á§â§à§ã§î§Ò§à§Û §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ä§î §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §ß§Ö§Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §å§ã§ä§å§á§à§Ü §ã §Ú§ç §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §ã§Ö§á§Ñ§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ù§Þ§å, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ö §Ó§à§Ù§ß§Ú§Ü§Ý§à §Ó §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ü§â§å§Ô§Ñ§ç §Ó §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ú §ã §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §à§é§Ñ§Ô§à§Þ…?81.

§¢§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ñ §Ü§ß§Ú§Ô§Ñ §±§Ñ§ã§ã§æ§Ú§Ý§Õ§Ñ §Ó§í§Ù§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §ã§Ö§â§î§Ö§Ù§ß§å§ð §Ü§â§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§å §ã§à §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ú §Ö§Ö §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó, §Ñ §Ó§ã§Ü§à§â§Ö §Ö§Ö §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §ã§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§í §ß§Ñ §ß§Ö§ä §á§Ú§ã§î§Þ§à§Þ, §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ §Ó 1931 §Ô§à§Õ§å §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §á§â§Ö§Þ§î§Ö§â-§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§à§Þ §Õ-§â§å §£§Ö§Û§è§Þ§Ñ§ß§å, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Þ §á§Ö§â§Ó§à§ã§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§ß§à§Ó§î §á§â§Ú§Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §è§Ö§Ý§ñ§Þ §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ, §Ñ §ß§Ö §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ð ?§Ó §â§Ñ§Ó§ß§à§Û §ã§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§Ú? §á§â§Ñ§Ó §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §°§ä§Þ§Ö§ä§Ú§Ó, §é§ä§à §è§Ö§Ý§î§ð §á§Ú§ã§î§Þ§Ñ §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ ?§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§Ú§ä§î §ß§Ñ §ß§Ö§Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ü§â§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ö§é§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ó§í§ã§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §¦§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §Ñ§Ô§Ö§ß§ä§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ?, §Ó §á§Ú§ã§î§Þ§Ö §Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ö§Ö §Ó§ß§à§Ó§î §å§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ø§Õ§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î, §é§ä§à ?§à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §ã §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§à§Þ ¡ª §ï§ä§à §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§à§Þ, §Ñ §ß§Ö §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í?82.

§£ §ï§ä§à§Þ ?§á§Ú§ã§î§Þ§Ö §®§Ñ§Ü§Õ§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§Õ§Ñ? §ñ§ã§ß§à §Õ§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §á§à§ß§ñ§ä§î, §é§ä§à §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ó §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §ã §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§à§Û, §á§â§à§Ó§à§Ù§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §¹§Ö§â§é§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ö§Þ §Ó 1922 §Ô§à§Õ§å, §Ú §é§ä§à §à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ü§Ñ§ã§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Ö§ã§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ú §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§é§Ú §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ú, §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ý§à§â§Õ§à§Þ §±§Ñ§ã§ã§æ§Ú§Ý§Õ§à§Þ, §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §ß§Ö §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä.

§©§Ñ§ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä §Ó§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ §Õ-§â§Ñ §£§Ö§Û§è§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ñ, §ã§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §á§à §ï§ä§à§Þ§å §á§à§Ó§à§Õ§å:

?… §¢§Ö§Ý§å§ð §Ü§ß§Ú§Ô§å §±§Ñ§ã§ã§æ§Ú§Ý§Õ§Ñ §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ß§Ñ§Ú§Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ö §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§Ö ¡ª §Õ§à §á§à§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §¢§Ö§Ý§à§Û §Ü§ß§Ú§Ô§Ú 1939 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ ¡ª §ã§à §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó§Ù§ñ§ä§î §ß§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Õ §à§Ò§Ö§ë§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ, §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Þ§å §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§å §Ó §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ. §¿§ä§Ñ §á§à§á§í§ä§Ü§Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §å§ã§á§Ö§ê§ß§à §à§ä§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ñ.

… 13 §æ§Ö§Ó§â§Ñ§Ý§ñ 1931 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §á§â§à§Ú§Ù§à§ê§Ý§à §â§Ö§Ù§Ü§à§Ö §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú. §¿§ä§à §Ò§í§Ý§à §ã§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ß§à §ß§Ö §Ó §æ§à§â§Þ§Ö §à§ä§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ §à§ä §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Û, §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ë§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §Ó §¢§Ö§Ý§à§Û §Ü§ß§Ú§Ô§Ö ¡ª §é§ä§à §à§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§à §Ò§í §á§à§ä§Ö§â§ð §á§â§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ñ ¡ª §Ñ §Ó §æ§à§â§Þ§Ö §á§Ú§ã§î§Þ§Ñ, §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §Þ§ß§Ö §á§â§Ö§Þ§î§Ö§â-§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§à§Þ, §Ù§Ñ§é§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §Ó §á§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ä§Ö §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß §Ú §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §Ó §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §à§ä§é§Ö§ä §à §Ù§Ñ§ã§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ§ç §á§Ñ§â§Ý§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ. §Á §á§à§ã§é§Ú§ä§Ñ§Ý, §é§ä§à §á§Ú§ã§î§Þ§à §Ú§ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§à §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö ¡ª §Ó §Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Û §æ§à§â§Þ§Ö §ï§ä§à §Ò§í§Ý§à §ã§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ß§à, §ß§Ö §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ý§à §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, ¡ª §ß§Ñ §é§ä§à §Ú §å§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý §á§â§Ö§Þ§î§Ö§â-§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§å.

§¯§Ñ §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Þ §Ü§à§ß§Ô§â§Ö§ã§ã§Ö §ä§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §ñ §á§à§Õ§Ó§Ö§â§Ô§ã§ñ §â§Ö§Ù§Ü§à§Û §Ü§â§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ö §Ù§Ñ §ä§à, §é§ä§à §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý §á§Ú§ã§î§Þ§à, §Ñ §ß§Ö §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ñ§Ý §ß§Ñ §à§á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §ß§à§Ó§à§Û §¢§Ö§Ý§à§Û §Ü§ß§Ú§Ô§Ú. §¯§à §à §ä§à§Þ, §Ò§í§Ý §Ý§Ú §ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ó, §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ó §ï§ä§à §á§Ú§ã§î§Þ§à, §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §ã§å§Õ§Ú§ä§î §á§à §á§â§à§ã§ä§à§Þ§å §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§å: §Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à §ß§Ñ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §á§Ú§ã§î§Þ§Ñ §®§Ñ§Ü§Õ§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§Õ§Ñ §á§â§à§Ú§Ù§à§ê§Ý§à §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ú §Ó §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ö §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §ß§Ñ§Þ §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ó §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §Ô§à§Õ§í §Õ§à§Ò§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §ã§ä§à§Ý§î §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§à§Ó. §ª§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à §Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§Õ§Ñ§â§ñ §á§Ú§ã§î§Þ§å §®§Ñ§Ü§Õ§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§Õ§Ñ, §â§Ñ§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§í §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ô§Ý§Ú 40 §ä§í§ã. §Ó 1934 §Ô§à§Õ§å §Ú 62 §ä§í§ã. §Ó 1935 §Ô§à§Õ§å, §ä.§Ö. §è§Ú§æ§â, §Ó 1930 §Ô§à§Õ§å §à §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §Þ§í §Ú §ß§Ö §Þ§Ö§é§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ú?83.

§³§ä§à§Ý§î §ß§Ö§à§Ø§Ú§Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ö §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú, §à§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §ä§à§Ô§à, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö§Ø§Õ§í §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó §ß§Ñ §ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§Ö §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ü §ß§Ú§Þ §Ó§à§Ù§â§à§ã§Ý§Ú §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §à§á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §¢§Ö§Ý§à§Û §Ü§ß§Ú§Ô§Ú §±§Ñ§ã§ã§æ§Ú§Ý§Õ§Ñ, §ß§Ö §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à §å§Ý§å§é§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §å§ç§å§Õ§ê§Ñ§ð§ë§Ö§Ô§à§ã§ñ §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö.

§°§ä§Ô§à§Ý§à§ã§Ü§Ú §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §á§Ö§é§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §Ú§Ù§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ö§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§ã§ä§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ó §¦§Ó§â§à§á§Ö §Õ§à§ß§Ö§ã§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ú §Õ§à §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §à§Ò§à§ã§ä§â§Ú§Ó §Ú §Ò§Ö§Ù §ä§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§á§â§ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §·§à§ä§ñ §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ö§Ó§â§à§á§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó, §ã§á§Ñ§ã§Ñ§ñ§ã§î §à§ä §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ä§Ö§â§â§à§â§Ñ, §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ó §³§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §º§ä§Ñ§ä§í §Ú §¡§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§ð, §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§à§Ö §é§Ú§ã§Ý§à §Ú§ç §Ú§ã§Ü§Ñ§Ý§à §å§Ò§Ö§Ø§Ú§ë§Ö §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö. §´§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ, §á§â§Ú§ä§à§Ü §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§ä§à§Ó §â§Ö§Ù§Ü§à §Ó§à§Ù§â§à§ã, §à §é§Ö§Þ §ã§Ó§Ú§Õ§Ö§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ä §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §è§Ú§æ§â§í:

§ª§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å §Ó 1930-1939 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ§ç84

1930

1931

1932

1933

1934

1935

1936

1937

1938

1939

4 944

4 075

9 553

30 327

42 359

61 854

29 727

10 536

12 868

16 405

§£ 30-§ç §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ§ç §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å §á§â§Ú§Ò§í§Ý§à §à§Ü§à§Ý§à 232 §ä§í§ã. §Ý§Ö§Ô§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§ä§à§Ó §á§à §ã§â§Ñ§Ó§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ã 100 §ä§í§ã. §Ó 20-§ç §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ§ç. §¦§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó 1939 §Ô§à§Õ§å §ß§Ñ§ã§é§Ú§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à §ã§Ó§í§ê§Ö 445 §ä§í§ã. §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü §Ú§Ù §à§Ò§ë§Ö§Ô§à §é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ñ §á§â§Ú§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §Ó 1,5 §Þ§Ý§ß. §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü, §Ú§Ý§Ú §á§à§é§ä§Ú 30 §á§â§à§è§Ö§ß§ä§à§Ó §á§à §ã§â§Ñ§Ó§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ã §Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§Ö 10 §á§â§à§è§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ù§Ñ 20 §Ý§Ö§ä §Õ§à §ï§ä§à§Ô§à. §±§à§Õ§à§Ò§ß§í§Þ §Ø§Ö §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ, §Ü §Ü§à§ß§è§å 1939 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §á§Ý§à§ë§Ñ§Õ§î §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ü§à§Ó, §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ó§ê§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §Ó §â§å§Ü§Ñ§ç §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó, §å§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §ã 650 §ä§í§ã. §Õ§å§ß§å§Þ§à§Ó §Ó §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ö §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §á§à§é§ä§Ú §Õ§à 1,5 §Þ§Ý§ß. §Õ§å§ß§å§Þ§à§Ó §Ú§Ù §à§Ò§ë§Ö§Û §á§Ý§à§ë§Ñ§Õ§Ú 26 §ä§í§ã. §Õ§å§ß§å§Þ§à§Ó. §£ §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å 1930 §Ú 1936 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ, §ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§ñ§ã§î §å§Þ§Ö§ß§î§ê§Ú§ä§î §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §ä§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§í§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §á§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§î §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ö§â§í, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§í§Ò§à§â§ß§í§ç §Þ§å§ß§Ú§è§Ú§á§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ä§à§Ó, §Ñ §á§à§Ù§Õ§ß§Ö§Ö ¡ª §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ñ (§Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à §é§Ý§Ö§ß§à§Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î). §¿§ä§Ú §Þ§Ö§â§í §ß§Ö §á§â§Ú§ß§Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §Ø§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Ö§Þ§à§Ô§à §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§Ñ. §³§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ä§î §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§à §á§à§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§è§Ö§Ó §Ó§ã§ä§â§Ö§ä§Ú§Ý§à §à§Ø§Ö§ã§ä§à§é§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §ã§à§á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§à §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó, §Ú §ï§ä§à §ß§Ñ§á§â§ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §Õ§à §ä§Ö§ç §á§à§â, §á§à§Ü§Ñ §Ó 1936 §Ô§à§Õ§å §ß§Ö §á§â§à§Ú§Ù§à§ê§Ö§Ý §Ó§Ù§â§í§Ó.

VI. §±§°§¥§®§¡§¯§¥§¡§´§¯§¡§Á §±§¡§­§¦§³§´§ª§¯§¡ ¡ª §±§¡§­§¦§³§´§ª§¯§³§¬§°§¦ §³§°§±§²§°§´§ª§£§­§¦§¯§ª§¦

§¯§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§à §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ã§à§á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ

§£ §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§à §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ§Ñ §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §ß§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§à§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó §à§ä§Ü§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ §Ú§Þ §Ó §ß§Ö§à§ä§ì§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§Þ§à§Þ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö §ß§Ñ §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ö§Û §Ú§ç §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ö§Ý§î §ß§Ö§á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ñ§Þ§Ú §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§à §ã§Ó§à§Ö §Ó§í§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§à §Ó§ã§á§í§ê§Ü§Ñ§ç §ß§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö, §ã§ä§Ñ§Ó §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â§ß§à§Û §é§Ö§â§ä§à§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §ã §Ü§Ñ§Ø§Õ§í§Þ §Ô§à§Õ§à§Þ §Ó§ã§Ö §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î. §¡§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §â§Ö§Ô§å§Ý§ñ§â§ß§à §ß§Ñ§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§à §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ ?§Ò§Ö§ã§á§à§â§ñ§Õ§Ü§à§Ó? §Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §â§Ö§Ü§à§Þ§Ö§ß§Õ§Ñ§è§Ú§Û. §¯§à §á§à§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§å §Ó §â§Ñ§Þ§Ü§Ñ§ç §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ñ§Ý§Ú §á§â§à§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ó §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§î §Ó §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ö §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Û §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§á§à§Ý§à§Ø§ß§í§Ö §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ý§Ú§ß§Ú§Ú, §ß§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§Ö §Ú §ã§à§á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î.

2 §ß§à§ñ§Ò§â§ñ 1918 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §á§Ö§â§Ó§Ñ§ñ §Ô§à§Õ§à§Ó§ë§Ú§ß§Ñ §á§â§à§Ó§à§Ù§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §à§ä§Þ§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ñ §Þ§Ú§â§ß§í§Þ§Ú §á§â§à§ä§Ö§ã§ä§Ñ§Þ§Ú. §µ§Ø§Ö §Ó §Ñ§á§â§Ö§Ý§Ö 1920 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ §Ö§ë§Ö §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §á§à§Õ §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §á§â§à§Ú§Ù§à§ê§Ý§Ú §Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §á§â§Ú§é§Ö§Þ §Ü§Ñ§Ü §â§Ñ§Ù §Ó §ä§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §ß§Ñ §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú §Ó §³§Ñ§ß-§²§Ö§Þ§à §Ù§Ñ§Ü§Ñ§ß§é§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ñ §à §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §ß§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å. §¥§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §á§à §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §ß§Ö §Ò§í§Ý §à§á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ§ß §Ó §ä§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ, §ß§à §ß§Ñ §ß§Ö§Ô§à §Ö§ã§ä§î §ã§ã§í§Ý§Ü§Ú §Ó §Õ§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ö §¬§à§â§à§Ý§Ö§Ó§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú 1937 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ. §µ§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §ß§Ñ §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ú§é§Ú§ß§í, §Ý§Ö§Ø§Ñ§ë§Ú§Ö §Ó §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ö §ï§ä§Ú§ç §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Û:

?§²§Ñ§Ù§à§é§Ñ§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó §Ó§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §ß§Ö§Ó§í§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à§Ò§Ö§ë§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§î §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö, §á§à §Ú§ç §Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð, §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Õ§Ñ§ß§í §Ú§Þ §Ó§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §á§Ö§â§Ó§à§Û §Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§à§Û §Ó§à§Û§ß§í.

§µ§Ó§Ö§â§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó §Ó §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ §à§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ý§Ú§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §ß§Ñ §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, §Ú §Ú§ç §à§á§Ñ§ã§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, §é§ä§à §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §à§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§ä§î §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §å§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ú §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ä §Ü §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Þ§å §Ú §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Þ§å §á§à§Õ§é§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ?85.

§¯§Ö §á§â§à§ê§Ý§à §Ú §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §ã§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ã§ä§à§Ý§Ü§ß§à§Ó§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §æ§â§Ñ§Ü§è§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §Ó§í§Ý§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §Ó §Þ§Ñ§Ö 1921 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Ó §Ú§ß§è§Ú§Õ§Ö§ß§ä, §Ó §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§Ö §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ô§à §Ò§í§Ý§à §å§Ò§Ú§ä§à 95 §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü §Ú 220 §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§Ý§Ú §å§Ó§Ö§é§î§ñ. §°§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ñ §á§à §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð, §Ó§à§Ù§Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§Þ§Ñ§ñ §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§ß§í§Þ §ã§å§Õ§î§Ö§Û §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §ã§ï§â§à§Þ §´§à§Þ§Ñ§ã§à§Þ §·§Ö§Û§Ü§â§Ñ§æ§ä§à§Þ, §á§â§Ú§ê§Ý§Ñ §Ü §Ó§í§Ó§à§Õ§å, §é§ä§à:

?§°§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§à§Û §á§â§Ú§é§Ú§ß§à§Û §Ò§Ö§ã§á§à§â§ñ§Õ§Ü§à§Ó §Ó §Á§æ§æ§Ö §Ú §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §Ñ§Ü§ä§à§Ó §ß§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ §Ò§í§Ý§à §â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §ã§â§Ö§Õ§Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó §é§å§Ó§ã§ä§Ó§à §ß§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§à§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ú §Ó§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ö§Ò§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§à §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ü §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ, §Ó§í§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ö §á§â§Ú§é§Ú§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ú §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â§Ñ §Ú §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ö §ã §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ö§Û, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ã §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö§á§è§Ú§Ö§Û §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ó §ä§à§Þ §Ó§Ú§Õ§Ö, §Ó §Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Þ §Ö§Ö §ä§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§å§ð§ä §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ú.

§¯§Ö§á§à§ã§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §á§â§Ú§é§Ú§ß§à§Û §Ò§Ö§ã§á§à§â§ñ§Õ§Ü§à§Ó §Ó §Á§æ§æ§Ö 1 §Þ§Ñ§ñ §ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §ß§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§ñ§Þ§Ú §Õ§Ö§Þ§à§ß§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó-§Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö§Ó§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §Ú §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ö§Ö §Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Þ §ã§ä§à§Ý§Ü§ß§à§Ó§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §ß§Ú§Þ§Ú §Ú §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§ñ§Þ§Ú §Õ§Ö§Þ§à§ß§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §¦§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §â§Ñ§Ò§à§é§Ö§Û §á§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§Ú.

§²§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§í§Ö §ã§ä§à§Ý§Ü§ß§à§Ó§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ù§Ñ§é§Ú§ß§ë§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§í, §Ò§í§ã§ä§â§à §á§Ö§â§Ö§â§à§ã§Ý§Ú §Ó §à§ã§ä§â§í§Û, §à§Ø§Ö§ã§ä§à§é§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ý§Ú§Ü§ä §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ§Ú, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Þ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à, §à§Ò§í§é§ß§à §ß§Ñ§á§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ö§Ö §á§Ö§â§Ó§í§Þ, §ß§Ö§ã§Ö§ä §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ù§Ñ §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ø§Ö§â§ä§Ó.

§¿§ä§Ñ §Ó§ã§á§í§ê§Ü§Ñ §ß§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ §ß§à§ã§Ú§Ý§Ñ §ã§Ý§å§é§Ñ§Û§ß§í§Û §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â §Ú §Ó§à§Ù§ß§Ú§Ü§Ý§Ñ §ã§ä§Ú§ç§Ú§Û§ß§à, §ß§Ú §à§Õ§ß§Ñ §Ú§Ù §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß §ß§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §Ü §ï§ä§à§Þ§å §á§à§Õ§Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ñ; §ß§à §à§Ò§ë§Ñ§ñ §ã§Ú§ä§å§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ, §é§ä§à §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ý§Ú§Ü§ä §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §Ó§à§Ù§ß§Ú§Ü§ß§å§ä§î §á§â§Ú §Ý§ð§Ò§à§Û §á§â§à§Ó§à§Ü§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §ã§à §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó…?86.

§£§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö 1929 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ

§®§Ö§Þ§à§â§Ñ§ß§Õ§å§Þ §¹§Ö§â§é§Ú§Ý§Ý§ñ §Ö§ë§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù §á§à§Õ§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Õ§Ú§Ý §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§å §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ ?§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ?, §Ú §ß§Ö§Ô§à§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó §Ó§ß§à§Ó§î §á§Ö§â§Ö§â§à§ã§Ý§à §Ó §ß§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§Ö §Ó §Ñ§Ó§Ô§å§ã§ä§Ö 1929 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Ó §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§Ö §ã§á§à§â§Ñ §Ú§Ù-§Ù§Ñ §³§ä§Ö§ß§í §á§Ý§Ñ§é§Ñ §Ó §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ö. §£ §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§Ö §ã§ä§à§Ý§Ü§ß§à§Ó§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ§Ú §ã §à§Ò§Ö§Ú§ç §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß §Ò§í§Ý§à §å§Ò§Ú§ä§à 220 §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü §Ú 520 §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§Ý§à §å§Ó§Ö§é§î§ñ; §á§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö §é§Ö§Þ §å§Õ§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ú§ä§î §á§à§â§ñ§Õ§à§Ü, §Ú§Ù-§Ù§Ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§à§Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §á§â§Ú§ê§Ý§à§ã§î §Ó§í§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §á§à§Õ§Ü§â§Ö§á§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ñ §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§Ý§Ö§ä§í, §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§à-§Þ§à§â§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §ã§å§Õ§Ñ §Ú §Ò§â§à§ß§Ö§Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Þ§à§Ò§Ú§Ý§Ú.

§³§á§Ö§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ñ, §Ó§à§Ù§Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§Þ§Ñ§ñ §Ò§í§Ó§ê§Ú§Þ §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§ß§í§Þ §ã§å§Õ§î§Ö§Û §ã§ï§â§à§Þ §µ§à§Ý§ä§Ö§â§à§Þ §º§à§å, §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §ï§ä§à§ä §Ú§ß§è§Ú§Õ§Ö§ß§ä. §¬§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ñ §º§à§å §à§ä§Þ§Ö§ä§Ú§Ý§Ñ:

?§®§Ö§ß§Ö§Ö §é§Ö§Þ §Ù§Ñ 10 §Ý§Ö§ä §á§â§à§Ú§Ù§à§ê§Ý§Ú §ä§â§Ú §ã§Ö§â§î§Ö§Ù§ß§í§ç §ß§Ñ§á§Ñ§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó §ß§Ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó. §©§Ñ 80 §á§â§Ö§Õ§í§Õ§å§ë§Ú§ç §Ý§Ö§ä §ß§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§à §Ù§Ñ§â§Ö§Ô§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§à §ß§Ú §à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §á§à§Õ§à§Ò§ß§à§Ô§à §Ú§ß§è§Ú§Õ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ. §´§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ §à§é§Ö§Ó§Ú§Õ§ß§à, §é§ä§à §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §Õ§Ó§å§Þ§ñ §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ù§Ñ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§Ö 10 §Ý§Ö§ä, §á§à-§Ó§Ú§Õ§Ú§Þ§à§Þ§å, §Ó§Ö§ã§î§Þ§Ñ §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ý§Ú§ã§î §á§à §ã§â§Ñ§Ó§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ã §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §â§Ñ§ß§î§ê§Ö. §®§í §à§Ò§ß§Ñ§â§å§Ø§Ú§Ý§Ú §Þ§ß§à§Ô§à §Õ§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó §ï§ä§à§Þ§å. §£ §Õ§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§ç §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §ä§â§Ú§Ò§å§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ú §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§à§Û §¬§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ó 1920 §Ú 1921 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ§ç §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ê§Ö§Õ§ê§Ú§Ö §Ò§Ö§ã§á§à§â§ñ§Õ§Ü§Ú, §à§Ò§â§Ñ§ë§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ó§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö. §¿§ä§à §á§à§Õ§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ø§Õ§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú, §ã§à§Ò§â§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ó§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ú §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §á§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§Û §ã§à§à§Ò§ë§Ú§Ý§Ú §ß§Ñ§Þ, §é§ä§à §Õ§à §Ó§à§Û§ß§í §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ú §Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§í §Ø§Ú§Ý§Ú §Ò§à§Ü §à §Ò§à§Ü, §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §ß§Ö §Ó §Õ§â§å§Ø§Ò§Ö, §ä§à §Ó§à §Ó§ã§ñ§Ü§à§Þ §ã§Ý§å§é§Ñ§Ö §Ó §à§Ò§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ü§Ö §ä§Ö§â§á§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú; §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Û §à§Ò§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ü§Ú §ã§Ö§Û§é§Ñ§ã §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §ß§Ö §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å§Ö§ä?87.

§¬§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §Ó§í§Ó§à§Õ§í §à §á§â§Ú§é§Ú§ß§Ö §Ó§ã§á§í§ê§Ö§Ü §ß§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ:

?… §¦§ã§Ý§Ú §Ó §Ñ§Ó§Ô§å§ã§ä§Ö §ä§Ö§Ü§å§ë§Ö§Ô§à §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §ã§â§Ö§Õ§Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à §ê§Ú§â§à§Ü§à §â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §é§å§Ó§ã§ä§Ó§à §ß§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§à§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §á§à §á§à§Ó§à§Õ§å §ä§à§Ô§à, §é§ä§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §¦§Ô§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §ß§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§à §Ú§Þ §ß§Ö§Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ô§à §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §ä§à §Ó§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö §Ó§Ö§â§à§ñ§ä§ß§à, §é§ä§à §ï§ä§à §ß§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§à§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§à §Ò§í§Ý§à §á§â§à§ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §á§à §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ü §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ, §é§î§Ö §á§â§Ú§ã§å§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§à §Ò§í§Ý§à §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ü§Ñ§Ü §á§â§Ö§á§ñ§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ §á§å§ä§Ú §Ü §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ú§ç §è§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û?.

§¯§Ö§ä §ã§à§Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à §ã§â§Ö§Õ§Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ý§Ú§Õ§Ö§â§à§Ó, §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §Ý§Ú§è §Ú §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Ü§Ý§Ñ§ã§ã§à§Ó §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Ö §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§â§à§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö…

… §¡§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ñ§Ö§ä §ã§Ö§Ô§à§Õ§ß§ñ §Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§í§Þ §æ§â§à§ß§ä§à§Þ §ã §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ä§î §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à. §´§à §Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à §è§Ö§Ý§Ú §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §à§ã§Ý§Ñ§Ò§ß§å§ä§î, §ß§à §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ß§à §Ó§à§Ù§â§à§Õ§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ó §á§à§Ý§ß§à§Û §Þ§Ö§â§Ö §á§â§Ú §Ó§à§Ù§ß§Ú§Ü§ß§à§Ó§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ý§ð§Ò§í§ç §ä§â§å§Õ§ß§í§ç §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§à§Ó, §Ü§Ñ§ã§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§í§ç §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§à§Ó. §®§í §å§Ó§Ö§â§Ö§ß§í, §é§ä§à §é§å§Ó§ã§ä§Ó§à §ß§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§à§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §ã§â§Ö§Õ§Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §Ó§à§Ù§ß§Ú§Ü§ê§Ö§Ö §Ó §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§à§é§Ñ§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §á§à §á§à§Ó§à§Õ§å §á§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §ß§Ö§å§Õ§Ñ§é §Ó §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ö§Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ô§à §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ… §ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §Õ§à§á§à§Ý§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §á§â§Ú§é§Ú§ß§à§Û §ß§Ö§Õ§Ñ§Ó§ß§Ö§Ô§à §Ú§ß§è§Ú§Õ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ §Ú §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§à§Þ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §ß§Ö§Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §Ú§Ô§ß§à§â§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §á§â§Ú §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ê§Ñ§Ô§à§Ó, §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§í§ç §Õ§Ý§ñ §ä§à§Ô§à, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §Ú§Ù§Ò§Ö§Ø§Ñ§ä§î §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §Ú§ß§è§Ú§Õ§Ö§ß§ä§à§Ó §Ó §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Þ? 88.

§¥§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §º§à§å §ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§ã§ñ §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§í§Þ §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§à§Þ §ß§Ñ §á§å§ä§Ú §Ü §Ú§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §¢§Ö§Ý§à§Û §Ü§ß§Ú§Ô§Ú §±§Ñ§ã§ã§æ§Ú§Ý§Õ§Ñ, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §à§Ò §å§Õ§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ä§Ó§à§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ï§ä§Ú§ç §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û; §à§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §á§à§á§í§ä§Ü§Ñ §ï§ä§Ñ §ß§Ö §å§Ó§Ö§ß§é§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §å§ã§á§Ö§ç§à§Þ, §Ú §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ó§ã§Ü§à§â§Ö §ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ §á§â§Ú§Ò§Ö§Ô§ß§å§Ý §Ü §ß§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ð.

§£§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ 1933 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ

§£ 1933 §Ô§à§Õ§å §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§ã§ä§í §Ù§Ñ§ç§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ú §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§î §Ó §¤§Ö§â§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú, §Ú §Ú§ç §á§à§Ù§à§â§ß§à§Ö §á§â§Ö§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ö §ß§Ö§Þ§Ú§ß§å§Ö§Þ§à §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§à §Ò§í§Ý§à §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ù§Ñ §ï§ä§Ú§Þ, §Ó§í§Ù§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à §Þ§Ñ§ã§ã§à§Ó§í§Û §Ó§í§Ö§Ù§Õ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó §Ú§Ù §¤§Ö§â§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ú §Ú§Ù §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç §Ö§Ó§â§à§á§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß. §¢§à§Ý§î§ê§à§Ö §é§Ú§ã§Ý§à §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó §á§â§Ú§Ò§í§Ý§à §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å, §Ú §å§Ø§Ö §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ö§Ö §ß§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§à§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ó§ß§à§Ó§î §Ó§í§Ý§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §Ó §Ñ§Ü§ä§í §ß§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ. §¥§Ý§ñ §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ï§ä§à§Û §ß§à§Ó§à§Û §Ó§ã§á§í§ê§Ü§Ú §ß§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ §Ó 1933 §Ô§à§Õ§å §ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Û §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §ß§Ö §ß§Ñ§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î. §°§ß§Ñ §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §Õ§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ö §±§Ú§Ý§ñ 1937 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ.

§²§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ñ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §ß§Ö§à§Ø§Ú§Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§á§Ý§í§Ó§Ñ §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§ä§à§Ó, §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§â §Õ§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ñ §à§ä§Þ§Ö§é§Ñ§Ö§ä, §é§ä§à:

?§²§Ö§Ñ§Ü§è§Ú§ñ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó §ß§Ñ §ï§ä§à §ß§Ö§à§Ø§Ú§Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ö §Ú §á§à§â§Ñ§Ù§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §ã§à§Ò§í§ä§Ú§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §Ó§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö §Ö§ã§ä§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û. §¹§å§Ó§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ý§Ú§Õ§Ö§â§í §Ú§ã§á§í§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ó 1929 §Ô§à§Õ§å, §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §ä§Ö§á§Ö§â§î §Ö§ë§Ö §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §à§Ò§à§ã§ä§â§Ö§ß§í… §é§Ö§Þ §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö §á§â§Ú§ä§à§Ü §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó, §ä§Ö§Þ §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö §á§â§Ö§á§ñ§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Û §ß§Ñ §á§å§ä§Ú §Ü §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú. §´§Ö§á§Ö§â§î §Ó§á§Ö§â§Ó§í§Ö §Ú§Þ, §á§à-§Ó§Ú§Õ§Ú§Þ§à§Þ§å, §Ô§â§à§Ù§Ú§Ý§Ñ §Ö§ë§Ö §ç§å§Õ§ê§Ñ§ñ §ã§å§Õ§î§Ò§Ñ, §é§Ö§Þ §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§à§Õ§Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§ß§à§Ô§à §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §à§ä§Ü§Ñ§Ù §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§î §Ú§Þ §ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§å. §¥§à §ã§Ú§ç §á§à§â §á§â§Ú §Ó§í§ã§à§Ü§à§Þ §Ö§ã§ä§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Þ §á§â§Ú§â§à§ã§ä§Ö §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§â§Ö§Õ§Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó §Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §ß§Ö§Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§í§Þ, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ú §Þ§à§Ô§Ý§Ú §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ó §à§Ò§à§Ù§â§Ú§Þ§à§Þ §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Þ. §¯§à §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §ß§à§Ó§í§Û §á§â§Ú§ä§à§Ü §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§ä§à§Ó §Ö§ë§Ö §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Ó§à§Ù§â§Ñ§ã§ä§Ö§ä? §¿§ä§à§ä §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý §ã§à§Ó§ã§Ö§Þ §Ó §Ú§ß§à§Þ §ã§Ó§Ö§ä§Ö §Ú§Õ§Ö§ð §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ó §ä§à§Þ §Ó§Ú§Õ§Ö, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ö§Ö §Õ§à §ã§Ú§ç §á§à§â §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§Ú §ã§Ö§Ò§Ö §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§ä§í. §£§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §ß§Ö§Ó§í§ß§à§ã§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §ß§Ú§ç §á§Ö§â§ã§á§Ö§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§Ñ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §á§Ö§â§ã§á§Ö§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§Ñ §ä§à§Ô§à, §é§ä§à §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ú §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ä§î §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ§Ú-§á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ñ§Þ§Ú. §¯§Ö§å§Õ§Ú§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §á§à§ï§ä§à§Þ§å, §é§ä§à… §ã§ä§Ñ§â§í§Ö §Ñ§ß§ä§Ñ§Ô§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ§í §Ö§ë§Ö §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§Ô§à§â§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î, §á§à§Ü§Ñ §ß§Ö §Ó§ã§á§í§ç§ß§å§Ý §á§à§Ø§Ñ§â?89.

§³§ä§à§Ý§Ü§ß§à§Ó§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ó§à§Ù§ß§Ú§Ü§ê§Ú§Ö §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§ß§í§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ §Ó §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ö §Ú §Á§æ§æ§Ö, §ã§à§á§â§à§Ó§à§Ø§Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ø§Ö§â§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §ç§à§ä§ñ §ß§Ö §ã§ä§à§Ý§î §Ü§â§å§á§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ó 1929 §Ô§à§Õ§å. §£ §Õ§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ö §Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ö§Ö:

?§¦§ë§Ö §à§Õ§ß§Ñ §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§è§Ñ §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §á§à§Õ§Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§ß§à§Û §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §ß§Ñ§á§Ú§ã§Ñ§ß§Ñ §Ü§â§à§Ó§î§ð. §¦§ã§ä§î §Ú §Ö§ë§Ö §à§Õ§ß§Ñ §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â§ß§Ñ§ñ §é§Ö§â§ä§Ñ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ß§Ö§Û §Ó§ã§á§í§ê§Ü§Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §ã§ä§à§Ý§î §Ø§Ö §Ò§Ö§ã§á§â§Ö§è§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§ä§ß§Ñ, §ã§Ü§à§Ý§î §Ú §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§Ñ. §£ 1920, 1921 §Ú 1929 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ§ç §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§í §ß§Ñ§á§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ú §ß§Ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó. §£ 1933 §Ô§à§Õ§å §à§ß§Ú §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ú§Ý§Ú §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ. §®§í§ã§Ý§î §à §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §Ó §­§à§ß§Õ§à§ß§Ö §Ú §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ö §ã§ä§Ñ§â§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §à§Õ§Ú§ß§Ñ§Ü§à§Ó§à §à§ä§ß§à§ã§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ü §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ, §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ú §Ü §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ, §ä§Ö§á§Ö§â§î §à§ä§Ü§â§í§ä§à §à§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ô§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î. §¤§à§Ó§à§â§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î, §é§ä§à §à§ß§à §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ã§à§ð§Ù§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Þ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó §Ú §Ó§â§Ñ§Ô§à§Þ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó. §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§Õ§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý §Ý§Ú§ê§î §Ò§Ö§ã§ã§ä§í§Õ§ß§à§Û §å§Ý§à§Ó§Ü§à§Û §Õ§Ý§ñ §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §è§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à ?§Ú§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ? §á§à§Õ §Þ§Ñ§ã§Ü§à§Û §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§é§ß§à§Ô§à §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ…

§´§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ §ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §ñ§ã§ß§à, §é§ä§à §ã§Ý§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§î §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §ã §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú §ß§Ö §å§Þ§Ö§ß§î§ê§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î. §¯§Ñ§à§Ò§à§â§à§ä, §é§Ö§Þ §Õ§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä, §ä§Ö§Þ §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §â§Ö§Ù§Ü§à §Ú §à§Ø§Ö§ã§ä§à§é§Ö§ß§ß§à §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ñ§Ý§Ú §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §ß§Ö§Ô§à §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§í?90.

§£§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ö§Ò§ß§à§Ö §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú §ã§à§á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§å §ã §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§à §ß§Ñ§Ò§Ú§â§Ñ§ä§î §ã§Ú§Ý§å. §¬ 1933 §Ô§à§Õ§å §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§Ö §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §á§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§Ú §Ú §Ô§â§å§á§á§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ü§Ú §à§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ú§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ó §¡§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä §Ú §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ú §á§â§à§ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ä§î §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§å§ð §ã§Ü§Ý§à§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ü §ã§à§ä§â§å§Õ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å §ã §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§ñ§Þ§Ú. §¯§Ñ §ï§ä§à§Û §ã§ä§Ñ§Õ§Ú§Ú §å§Ø§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ú, §Ó§ã§Ö §Ö§ë§Ö §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ó§ê§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ö§ß§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à, §ß§Ö§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§ñ §ß§Ñ §Þ§Ñ§ã§ã§à§Ó§å§ð §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ð, §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ú§ã§á§í§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §à§á§Ñ§ã§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§à §á§à§Ó§à§Õ§å §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§Ñ§ñ §Ó 1936 §Ô§à§Õ§å §ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ñ §á§à§á§í§ä§Ü§Ñ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §á§â§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ß§Ñ §Ó §á§Ñ§â§Ý§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ö §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §ä§à§Ô§à, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Ü§à§ß§Ô§â§Ö§ã§ã:

… §Ó§í§â§Ñ§Ù§Ú§Ý §ã§Ó§à§Ö §Ü§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ô§à§â§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ö §ß§Ö§ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ö §ã §ï§ä§Ú§Þ §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§à§Þ… §Ü§Ñ§Ü §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§â§Ö§é§Ñ§ë§Ú§Þ §Õ§å§ç§å §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ?91.

§±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ

§£ 1936 §Ô§à§Õ§å §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ö §ã§à§á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú§ß§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Þ§å §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ú §Ú§ß§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Û §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ó§í§Ý§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §Ó §Ü§â§å§á§ß§à§Ö §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ö §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §Õ§à §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ó§ä§à§â§à§Û §Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§à§Û §Ó§à§Û§ß§í. §£ §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ§ç §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§í §à§á§Ú§â§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §ß§Ñ §Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§Ú§Ù§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ú§Ö§ã§ñ §Ó §ä§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ó§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §¦§Ô§Ú§á§ä§Ö §Ú §³§Ú§â§Ú§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ó§í§ß§å§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ú §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §Ú §¶§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ú§ð §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§ä§î §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§í §ã §ï§ä§Ú§Þ§Ú §Õ§Ó§å§Þ§ñ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §ã§à§ã§Ö§Õ§ñ§Þ§Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í.

§£ §Ñ§á§â§Ö§Ý§Ö 1936 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Þ§Ö§Ý§Ü§Ú§Ö §ã§ä§í§é§Ü§Ú §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ§Ú §Ò§í§ã§ä§â§à §Ó§í§Ý§Ú§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ó §ê§Ú§â§à§Ü§à§Ö §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö. §¢§í§Ý §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß §ß§à§Ó§í§Û §ã§à§ð§Ù §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §á§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§Û ¡ª §£§í§ã§ê§Ú§Û §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä §Ó§à §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§Ö §ã §Þ§å§æ§ä§Ú§Ö§Þ §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ §¡§Ý§î §·§Ñ§Õ§Ø§Ú §¿§Þ§Ú§ß§à§Þ §Ñ§Ý§î-§·§å§ã§Ö§Û§ß§Ú. §¬§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä §á§â§Ú§Ù§Ó§Ñ§Ý §Ü §Ó§ã§Ö§à§Ò§ë§Ö§Û §Ù§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§ã§ä§à§Ó§Ü§Ö §Ó §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ü§å §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §à§Ò §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ. §¯§Ö§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§ñ §ß§Ñ §ã§Ú§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §ã§à§á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ó§í§Õ§Ñ§Ý§à §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ §Ó§ì§Ö§Ù§Õ §ß§Ñ §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ð §Ö§ë§Ö §ß§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§Ú§Þ §ä§í§ã§ñ§é§Ñ§Þ §ß§à§Ó§í§ç §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§ä§à§Ó, §é§ä§à §Ó§í§Ù§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à §Ö§ë§Ö §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö§Ö §ß§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§à§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó. §¯§à§Ó§à§Û §à§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î§ð §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Õ§Ó§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §ä§à, §é§ä§à §Ó§í§ã§ê§Ú§Ö §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§ß§í§Ö §Ý§Ú§è§Ñ §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §à§ä§Ü§â§í§ä§à §Ó§ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ú §ß§Ñ §Ö§Ô§à §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§å, §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ú§Ó §£§Ö§â§ç§à§Ó§ß§à§Þ§å §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ñ§â§å, §é§ä§à §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§í §Ó§í§ß§å§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§í §á§â§Ú§Ò§Ö§Ô§ß§å§ä§î §Ü §ß§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ð, §á§à§ä§à§Þ§å §é§ä§à §à§ß§Ú §ß§Ö §Ó§Ö§â§ñ§ä §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö §à§Ò§Ö§ë§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§é§Ñ§ß §Ú §Ú§ã§á§í§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä §ä§â§Ö§Ó§à§Ô§å §á§à §á§à§Ó§à§Õ§å §ä§à§Ô§à, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ý§Ö§Ô§Ü§à §å§ã§ä§å§á§Ñ§Ö§ä §¡§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ§Ø§Ú§Þ§å §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó.

§±§à §Þ§Ö§â§Ö §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ù§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§ã§ä§à§Ó§Ü§Ú §Þ§Ñ§ã§ê§ä§Ñ§Ò§í §ß§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ §å§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î. §¢§í§Ý§Ú §ã§à§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ö§ß§í §ß§Ñ§á§Ñ§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ó§à§Û§ã§Ü§Ñ §Ú §á§à§Ý§Ú§è§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ü§Ú, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ß§Ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §á§à§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §à§ä§Þ§Ö§é§Ö§ß§í §ã§Ý§å§é§Ñ§Ú §Õ§Ú§Ó§Ö§â§ã§Ú§Û §ß§Ñ §ê§à§ã§ã§Ö§Û§ß§í§ç §Ú §Ø§Ö§Ý§Ö§Ù§ß§í§ç §Õ§à§â§à§Ô§Ñ§ç, §ä§â§å§Ò§à§á§â§à§Ó§à§Õ§Ñ§ç §Ú §Ó §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ñ§ç. §¡§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §Ó§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ñ §Ü§à§Þ§Ö§ß§Õ§Ñ§ß§ä§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §é§Ñ§ã, §Ó§í§Ù§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Õ§à§á§à§Ý§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §Ó§à§Û§ã§Ü§Ñ §Ú§Ù §¡§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Ú, §¦§Ô§Ú§á§ä§Ñ §Ú §®§Ñ§Ý§î§ä§í §Ú §á§â§Ú§Ò§Ö§Ô§Ý§Ñ §Ü §Þ§Ñ§ã§ã§à§Ó§í§Þ §Ñ§â§Ö§ã§ä§Ñ§Þ, §Ü§à§Ý§Ý§Ö§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Þ §ê§ä§â§Ñ§æ§Ñ§Þ §Ú §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§ß§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §Ó §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§í§ç §Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ö§â§ñ§ç, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý§Ñ §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Ö §é§â§Ö§Ù§Ó§í§é§Ñ§Û§ß§í§Ö §Þ§Ö§â§í. §¢§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§Ö §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ü§Ú §Ó §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Þ §Ü§Ó§Ñ§â§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ö §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§Ñ §Á§æ§æ§í §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §ã§ß§Ö§ã§Ö§ß§í §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§ñ§Þ§Ú §Ó §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§Û §â§Ñ§Ù§Ô§Ñ§â §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ, §ñ§Ü§à§Ò§í §ã §è§Ö§Ý§î§ð §å§Ý§å§é§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ, §ß§à §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ú§ä§î §á§à§â§ñ§Õ§à§Ü §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ú §ß§Ö §å§Õ§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î.

§£§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§í§Õ§å§ë§Ú§ç §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §á§à§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§è§í §é§Ñ§ã§ä§à §Ó§à§Ù§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §à§ä §ß§Ñ§ß§Ö§ã§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ß§í§ç §å§Õ§Ñ§â§à§Ó §Ó §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §ã §Õ§à§Ü§ä§â§Ú§ß§à§Û ?§·§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ?, §Ú§Ý§Ú §ã§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú. §¯§à §ä§Ö§á§Ö§â§î §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý§Ú §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ß§í§Û §Þ§Ö§â§í, §é§ä§à §Ó§à§Ó§ã§Ö §ß§Ö §ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §ß§Ö§à§Ø§Ú§Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î§ð. §°§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§à§Û §ã§Ú§Ý§à§Û §ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §ä§Ñ§Û§ß§Ñ§ñ §á§à§Ý§å§Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ ?§·§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ñ?, §ã§æ§à§â§Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ó §á§Ö§â§Ó§í§Ö §Ô§à§Õ§í §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ (§Ú §ã§í§Ô§â§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ñ§ñ §Ó§Ö§Õ§å§ë§å§ð §â§à§Ý§î §Ó §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §ã§à§Ò§í§ä§Ú§ñ§ç §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö). §¦§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §á§à§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§è§Ñ§Þ §á§à§Þ§à§Ô§Ý§à §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ä§à, §é§ä§à 2 800 §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó §Ó§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ú §Ó §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó §á§à§Ý§Ú§è§Ú§Ú §Ó §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §Ó§ß§Ö§ê§ä§Ñ§ä§ß§í§ç §ã§à§ä§â§å§Õ§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó.

§±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú, §ß§Ö §ã§å§Þ§Ö§Ó §á§à§Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§î §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §ã§Ú§Ý§à§Û, §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý§Ú §Þ§Ö§â§í §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â§Ñ. §¡§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §à§Ò§ì§ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§à §à §ß§Ñ§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §¬§à§â§à§Ý§Ö§Ó§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ú§é§Ú§ß ?§Ò§Ö§ã§á§à§â§ñ§Õ§Ü§à§Ó? §Ú §à§Ò§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §Ü §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó §ã §á§â§à§ã§î§Ò§à§Û §à §á§à§ã§â§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö; §Ó §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö §Ü§à§ß§è§à§Ó §Ó §à§Ü§ä§ñ§Ò§â§Ö 1936 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§ã§ä§à§Ó§Ü§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §á§â§Ö§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ñ. §±§à §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Þ §Ù§Ñ §ï§ä§à§ä §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ §Ò§í§Ý§à §å§Ò§Ú§ä§à 275 §Ú §â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§à 1 112 §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü, §ß§à, §á§à §à§è§Ö§ß§Ü§Ñ§Þ §¬§à§â§à§Ý§Ö§Ó§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú, §á§à§Ô§Ú§Ò§Ý§à 1 000 §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü92.

§±§â§Ö§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§ã§ä§à§Ó§Ü§Ú §ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §Ý§Ú§ê§î §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ §Ù§Ñ§ä§Ú§ê§î§Ö§Þ. §±§à§ã§Ý§Ö §à§á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Õ§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ñ §¬§à§â§à§Ý§Ö§Ó§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §á§à§é§ä§Ú §ã§â§Ñ§Ù§å §Ø§Ö §Ó§à§Ù§à§Ò§ß§à§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ñ§Ü§ä§í §ß§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ, §á§Ö§â§Ó§í§Þ §á§â§à§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ô§à §ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §å§Ò§Ú§Û§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ñ§â§Ñ. §·§à§ä§ñ §à§Ü§à§ß§é§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ú §ß§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§à §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§à, §é§ä§à §å§Ò§Ú§Û§è§í §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §£§Ö§â§ç§à§Ó§ß§í§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ñ§â §à§Ò§ì§ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý §à §Ù§Ñ§á§â§Ö§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Õ§Ö§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §£§í§ã§ê§Ö§Ô§à §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§Ñ, §Ñ§â§Ö§ã§ä§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý §Ö§Ô§à §Ó§Ú§Õ§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ö§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ú §Õ§Ö§á§à§â§ä§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý §Ú§ç §ß§Ñ §³§Ö§Û§ê§Ö§Ý§î§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §à§ã§ä§â§à§Ó§Ñ, §à§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §Þ§å§æ§ä§Ú§ð §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ §å§Õ§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §ã§Ü§â§í§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ó §­§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ö, §à§ä§Ü§å§Õ§Ñ §à§ß §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ñ§Ý §â§å§Ü§à§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§î §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ.

§¢§í§Ý§Ú §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§í §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §ä§â§Ú§Ò§å§ß§Ñ§Ý§í, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ü §Ü§à§ß§è§å 1938 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Ó§í§ß§Ö§ã§Ý§Ú 58 §ã§Þ§Ö§â§ä§ß§í§ç §á§â§Ú§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§à§Ó, §ß§Ö §ã§é§Ú§ä§Ñ§ñ §Þ§ß§à§Ô§à§é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §á§â§Ú§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§à§Ó §Ü §á§à§Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ö§ß§ß§à§Þ§å §Ù§Ñ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ð93. §¹§ä§à§Ò§í §Ó§à§ã§á§â§Ö§á§ñ§ä§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §á§à§Þ§à§ë§Ú §á§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Þ §Ú§Ù-§Ù§Ñ §Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§è§í, §ß§Ñ §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ü§Ñ§ç §Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§è§í §ã §³§Ú§â§Ú§Ö§Û, §´§â§Ñ§ß§ã§Ú§à§â§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Û §Ú §­§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§à§Þ §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Ó§à§Ù§Õ§Ó§Ú§Ô§ß§å§ä§í §á§â§à§Ó§à§Ý§à§é§ß§í§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§Ó§ê§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö ?§Ý§Ú§ß§Ú§Ú §´§Ö§Ô§Ô§Ö§â§ä§Ñ?.

?§¯§Ñ §á§â§à§ä§ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú 1937 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ó§à§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §ã§Ú§Ý§í §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§Ú §ß§Ö §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Õ§Ó§å§ç §á§Ö§ç§à§ä§ß§í§ç §Ò§â§Ú§Ô§Ñ§Õ. §£ §Ú§ð§Ý§Ö 1938 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Ö§ë§Ö §Õ§Ó§Ñ §á§Ö§ç§à§ä§ß§í§ç §Ò§Ñ§ä§Ñ§Ý§î§à§ß§Ñ, §Õ§Ó§Ö §ï§ã§Ü§Ñ§Õ§â§Ú§Ý§î§Ú §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§à-§Ó§à§Ù§Õ§å§ê§ß§í§ç §ã§Ú§Ý §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú, §Ò§â§à§ß§Ö§ä§Ñ§ß§Ü§à§Ó§à§Ö §á§à§Õ§â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú §Ý§Ú§ß§Ö§Û§ß§í§Û §Ü§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ö§â §á§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ý§Ú §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú§Ö §Ó §á§à§Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ä§Ö§â§â§à§â§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ß§Ñ§ñ §ã §Ñ§á§â§Ö§Ý§ñ §Ó§í§Ý§Ú§Ý§ã§ñ §Ó §à§ä§Ü§â§í§ä§à§Ö §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö. §¬ §Ü§à§ß§è§å §à§Ü§ä§ñ§Ò§â§ñ §Ó §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î 18 §á§Ö§ç§à§ä§ß§í§ç §Ò§Ñ§ä§Ñ§Ý§î§à§ß§à§Ó, §Õ§Ó§Ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ö§â§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §á§à§Ý§Ü§Ñ, §Ñ§â§ä§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ö§â§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Ô§Ñ§å§Ò§Ú§é§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ò§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ö§ñ §Ú §Ò§â§à§ß§Ö§ä§Ñ§ß§Ü§à§Ó§à§Ö §á§à§Õ§â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö ¡ª §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§à §à§ä 18 §ä§í§ã. §Õ§à 20 §ä§í§ã. §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü; §Ü§â§à§Þ§Ö §ä§à§Ô§à, §Ó §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú§è§Ú§Ú §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §å§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ß§Ñ §Ö§ë§Ö §ß§Ñ 2 930 §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü. §±§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ú§ê§Ý§à§ã§î §ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ §á§â§Ú§Ò§Ö§Ô§ß§å§ä§î §Ü §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §à§Ü§Ü§å§á§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §á§â§Ö§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§ä§î §Ó§Ù§â§í§Ó§í §Ò§à§Þ§Ò §Ú §Þ§Ú§ß, §å§Ò§Ú§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ú §Ó§í§ã§ä§â§Ö§Ý§í §Ú§Ù-§Ù§Ñ §å§Ô§Ý§Ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ú §á§à§é§ä§Ú §Ö§Ø§Ö§Õ§ß§Ö§Ó§ß§à. §´§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§Õ§Ñ§â§ñ §á§â§Ú§ã§å§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ð §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§à§Ô§à §Ü§à§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó§à§Û§ã§Ü §ã§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §á§à§Õ§à§Ò§Ú§Ö §á§à§â§ñ§Õ§Ü§Ñ §Ó §ã§Ö§Ó§Ö§â§ß§à§Û §Ú §è§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §é§Ñ§ã§ä§ñ§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í, §ß§à §ß§Ñ§Õ §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ§à§Þ §Ú §ð§Ø§ß§í§Þ§Ú §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú §ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§ñ §ß§Ö §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§à§ã§î… §¬§å§Ý§î§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§í§Þ §Þ§à§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§à§Þ §Ü§â§å§á§ß§à§Û §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Ü§Ñ§Þ§á§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §á§Ö§â§Ó§í§ç §ß§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§î §à§Ü§ä§ñ§Ò§â§ñ §ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §Þ§Ú§â§ß§à§Ö §Ù§Ñ§ß§ñ§ä§Ú§ñ §Ó§à§Û§ã§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ú §ã§ä§Ñ§â§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§Ñ ¡ª §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ü§Ó§Ñ§â§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ñ ¡ª §Ó §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ö. §¿§ä§Ñ §à§á§Ö§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ, §á§â§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §Ò§í§Ý§à §Ó§Ö§ã§î§Þ§Ñ §â§Ú§ã§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à §Ú§Ù-§Ù§Ñ §å§Ù§à§ã§ä§Ú §å§Ý§Ú§è, §à§Ò§à§ê§Ý§à§ã§î §Ò§Ö§Ù §ã§Ö§â§î§Ö§Ù§ß§í§ç §á§à§ä§Ö§â§î, §Ú §Ü §Ü§à§ß§è§å §ä§à§Ô§à §Ø§Ö §Þ§Ö§ã§ñ§è§Ñ §Ó§ã§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §á§à§Õ §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§Ö§Þ…

§° §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â§Ö §Ú §Þ§Ñ§ã§ê§ä§Ñ§Ò§Ö §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ 1938 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §ã§å§Õ§Ú§ä§î §ß§Ö §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §á§à §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ §Ó§í§ê§Ö §è§Ú§æ§â§Ñ§Þ §à §Ü§à§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ó§à§Û§ã§Ü §Ó §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö, §ß§à §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Ú §á§à §ä§à§Þ§å, §é§ä§à §é§Ú§ã§Ý§à §Ø§Ö§â§ä§Ó §Ó §ï§ä§à§Þ §Ô§à§Õ§å §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ô§Ý§à 3 717 §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü, §Ó §ä§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ó 1937 §Ô§à§Õ§å §Ú§ç §Ò§í§Ý§à 246…?94.

§¬§Ñ§Ü §Ú §Ó §á§Ö§â§Ó§í§Û §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ß§í§Ö §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §Ú §ß§Ñ§ß§à§ã§Ú§Ý§Ñ §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ß§í§Ö §å§Õ§Ñ§â§í. §±§à§Þ§Ú§Þ§à ?§·§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§ß§í?, §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§å§ð §Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§ã§ä§î §á§â§Ú §ï§ä§à§Þ §á§â§à§ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§Ñ §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ñ§ñ §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ, §¯§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ (?§ª§â§Ô§å§ß §è§Ö§Ó§Ñ§Ú §Ý§Ö§å§Þ§Ú?), §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö ?§ã§á§Ö§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §ß§à§é§ß§í§Ö §à§ä§â§ñ§Õ§í?, §à§Ò§å§é§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ü§Ñ§Õ§â§à§Ó§í§Þ §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§æ§Ú§è§Ö§â§à§Þ §Þ§Ñ§Û§à§â§à§Þ §°§â§Õ§à§Þ §µ§Ú§ß§Ô§Ö§Û§ä§à§Þ. §±§à §ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ§Þ §¬§â§Ú§ã§ä§à§æ§Ö§â§Ñ §³§Ñ§Û§Ü§ã§Ñ, ?§ã§á§Ö§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §ß§à§é§ß§í§Ö §à§ä§â§ñ§Õ§í? §á§à§ã§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§ß§à §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ú §ä§Ö§Þ, §Ü §é§Ö§Þ§å §Ó§ä§Ñ§Û§ß§Ö §Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§Ú§Ý §Ú§ç §µ§Ú§ß§Ô§Ö§Û§ä ¡ª §á§Ö§â§Ó§í§Þ§Ú §á§à§Õ§â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ñ§â§Þ§Ú§Ú?95.

§¬ 1939 §Ô§à§Õ§å §Ü§â§å§á§ß§í§Ö §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §à§á§Ö§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §á§â§à§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§í§Ö §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §á§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§Ù§Ñ§ß-§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó, §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ú §á§â§Ú§ß§à§ã§Ú§ä§î §å§ã§á§Ö§ç, §ä§Ö§Þ §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§Þ §Ø§Ñ§Ý§à§Ò§í §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó §Ò§í§Ý§Ú, §ß§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§Ö§è, §Ó§í§ã§Ý§å§ê§Ñ§ß§í §Ó §­§à§ß§Õ§à§ß§Ö §ß§Ñ §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú, §ß§Ñ §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §á§â§Ú§ã§å§ä§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Ö §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ. §±§â§Ú§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ø§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Ó§à§Û§ß§Ñ, §Ú §¡§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§ñ §Ó§ß§à§Ó§î §à§Ò§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Ü §Õ§â§å§Ø§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ §ã §á§â§à§ã§î§Ò§à§Û §Ó§Þ§Ö§ê§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö, §Ú §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö, §Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§ê§Ö§Ö§ã§ñ §ä§â§Ú §ã §á§à§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ß§à§Û §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ, §á§â§Ö§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î.

§£§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö 1936-1939 §Ô§à§Õ§à§Ó §ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §Ü§å§Ý§î§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§Ö§Û §á§ñ§ä§ß§Ñ§Õ§è§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ö§ä§ß§Ö§Ô§à §ã§à§á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§å §Ú §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ý§à §Õ§Ý§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ö§Ü§à §Ú§Õ§å§ë§Ú§Ö §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ. §°§ß§à §ß§Ö §à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§à §ã§à§Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ó §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§í §ß§Ö §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§ñ§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §á§à§ä§Ö§â§ð §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Û §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í §ß§Ñ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ §Ú §à§ä§â§Ú§è§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §à§ä§ß§à§ã§ñ§ä§ã§ñ §Ü §å§á§à§â§ß§à §á§â§à§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§Ó§ê§Ö§Û§ã§ñ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ö, §Ú§Ù§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Ó §Þ§Ö§Þ§à§â§Ñ§ß§Õ§å§Þ§Ö §¹§Ö§â§é§Ú§Ý§Ý§ñ, §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§ß§à §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §ñ§Ü§à§Ò§í §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ú§â§Ú§ä§î ?§Õ§Ó§à§Û§ß§í§Ö §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ? §Ú §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§ä§î §Þ§Ú§â §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö. §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ §ï§ä§à §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §à§Ò§Ö§ë§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Û §Õ§Ó§Ñ §Õ§Ö§ã§ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Õ §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§à§Ø§Ú§Ý§à §á§Ý§Ñ§ß §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í.

§¥§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §±§Ú§Ý§ñ

§¬§à§â§à§Ý§Ö§Ó§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ ?§Ò§Ö§ã§á§à§â§ñ§Õ§Ü§à§Ó? §Ó§à §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§Ö §ã §Ò§í§Ó§ê§Ú§Þ §Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§à§Þ §á§à §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Þ §ª§ß§Õ§Ú§Ú §Ý§à§â§Õ§à§Þ §²§à§Ò§Ö§â§ä§à§Þ §±§Ú§Ý§Ö§Þ §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ñ §Õ§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ §ß§Ñ 400 §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§è§Ñ§ç ¡ª §Õ§à§Ü§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ö§ä §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§à§Ö §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ú §Ý§ð§Ò§à§Þ §Ú§Ù§å§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í. §©§Ñ§ë§Ú§ë§Ñ§ñ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§å §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ú §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ, §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ñ, §ä§Ö§Þ §ß§Ö §Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§Ö, §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §å§Ò§Ö§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ú §ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§î §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§î §Ö§Þ§å §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î. §£ §Õ§à§Ü§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ö §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ, §é§ä§à §Ó§à§á§â§Ö§Ü§Ú §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ö§Þ§à§Û §á§à§Ù§Ú§è§Ú§Ú §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ö §ã§à§á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§å §á§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§à, §é§ä§à ?§Õ§Ó§à§Û§ß§í§Ö §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ? §ß§Ö§Ý§î§Ù§ñ §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ú§â§Ú§ä§î. §±§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Û §Õ§Ú§Ý§Ö§Þ§Þ§à§Û, §¬§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ñ §â§Ö§Ü§à§Þ§Ö§ß§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §ã§à§Ý§à§Þ§à§ß§à§Ó§à §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö ¡ª §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ú§ä§î §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å.

§£§Ó§Ú§Õ§å §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §Õ§à§Ü§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ, §ñ§Ó§Ú§Ó§ê§Ö§Ô§à§ã§ñ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ §ß§à§Ó§í§Þ §á§à§Ó§à§â§à§ä§ß§í§Þ §á§å§ß§Ü§ä§à§Þ §Ó §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ö §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö, §ß§Ú§Ø§Ö §á§â§Ú§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §Ó§Ö§ã§î§Þ§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ö§â§ß§å§ä§à§Û §æ§à§â§Þ§Ö §â§ñ§Õ §è§Ú§ä§Ñ§ä §Ú§Ù §Õ§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ñ §¬§à§â§à§Ý§Ö§Ó§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú.

§£ §Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ö§é§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ§ç §à§ä§ß§à§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §Ú§Þ§Ö§ð§ë§Ö§Û§ã§ñ §ñ§Ü§à§Ò§í §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ú§â§Ú§ä§î ?§Õ§Ó§à§Û§ß§í§Ö §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ? §Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î:

?§³ §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§à §ñ§ã§ß§à, §é§ä§à §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §ï§ä§à §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§à§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ö §à§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Õ§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ, §ä§à §Ó§à§Ù§ß§Ú§Ü§ß§Ö§ä §à§é§Ö§ß§î §ã§Ý§à§Ø§ß§Ñ§ñ §ã§Ú§ä§å§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ. §¿§ä§à §Ù§Ñ§ä§â§å§Õ§ß§Ú§ä §Ó§í§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §ß§Ñ §Ý§ð§Ò§à§Þ §ï§ä§Ñ§á§Ö §Ú §Ó§Ö§ã§î§Þ§Ñ §à§ã§Ý§à§Ø§ß§Ú§ä §á§â§Ö§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ö§Ô§à §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ. §°§Õ§ß§à §Õ§Ö§Ý§à ¡ª §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ó §ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö, §é§ä§à §ï§ä§à §Ó §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö §Ü§à§ß§è§à§Ó §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ä §Ü §ä§à§Þ§å, §é§ä§à §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ú §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ä§î §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ó §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö, §Ú §Ü §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §ã §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§ñ §Ú§Ý§Ú §á§à §Ü§â§Ñ§Û§ß§Ö§Û §Þ§Ö§â§Ö §ã §Þ§à§Ý§é§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§Ô§à §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§ñ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó, §Ú §ã§à§Ó§ã§Ö§Þ §Õ§â§å§Ô§à§Ö §Õ§Ö§Ý§à ¡ª §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î, §ç§à§ä§ñ §Ò§í §Ó §à§ä§Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Þ §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Þ, §ß§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §á§â§Ö§Ó§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ó §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§à §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §Ó§à§Ý§Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó. §³§à§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ö§ß§ß§à §à§é§Ö§Ó§Ú§Õ§ß§à, §é§ä§à §ï§ä§à §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§â§Ö§é§Ú§Ý§à §Ò§í §Õ§å§ç§å §Ú §è§Ö§Ý§ñ§Þ §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§à§Ó. §¿§ä§à §à§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§à §Ò§í, §é§ä§à §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§à §à§ä§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§à §Ó §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§í §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§Ú §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö, §Ú §à§ß§à §Ò§í§Ý§à §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§à §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §ä§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ú §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ú §Ó §ß§Ö§Û §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à. §¿§ä§à §à§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§à §Ò§í, §é§ä§à §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§í §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Ý§Ú§ê§Ö§ß§í §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §ã§Ñ§Þ§Ú§Þ §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§ñ§ä§î §ã§Ó§à§ð §ã§å§Õ§î§Ò§å, §é§ä§à §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §è§Ö§Ý§à§Ô§à §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ§Ñ §Ò§à§â§î§Ò§í §Ú§ç §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ú§Ù-§á§à§Õ §ã§å§Ó§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§Ñ §ä§å§â§à§Ü §á§à§Õ §ã§å§Ó§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§ä §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó96.

…§Ó §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ç §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó §Ó§ã§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§à §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §ñ§ã§ß§à. §ª§Þ §Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î, §é§ä§à §Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ §Ú §Ö§Ö §Ó§í§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §â§Ñ§Þ§Ü§Ñ§ç §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §Ú §ß§Ú§é§ä§à §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §ß§Ö §á§à§Ù§Ó§à§Ý§Ú§Ý§Ú §Ú§Þ §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§ä§î §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §Ó §ä§Ö§ç §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ç, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §Ö§ð §å§Ø§Ö §á§à§Ý§î§Ù§å§ð§ä§ã§ñ §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Ö §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í. §ª §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ñ§ñ §â§Ö§Ñ§Ü§è§Ú§ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §Ó§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö §Ý§à§Ô§Ú§é§ß§à§Û. §°§ß§Ú §à§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ô§Ý§Ú §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ. §°§ß§Ú §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ú§Ý§Ú §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §Ö§Ö §Ó§í§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §â§Ñ§Þ§Ü§Ñ§ç §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ. ?§¯§Ñ§â§à§Õ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, ¡ª §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ú §à§ß§Ú, ¡ª §ß§Ö §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö?. §ª §à§ß§Ú §à§ä§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ó §Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Þ-§Ý§Ú§Ò§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ö, §Ü§â§à§Þ§Ö §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§à§Þ97.

…§¯§Ú§Ô§Õ§Ö §Õ§å§ç §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ §ß§Ö §Ò§í§Ý §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §à§Ò§à§ã§ä§â§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §à§Ü§à§ß§é§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§à§Û§ß§í, §é§Ö§Þ §Ó §ï§ä§à§Þ §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§Ö §¢§Ý§Ú§Ø§ß§Ö§Ô§à §Ú §³§â§Ö§Õ§ß§Ö§Ô§à §£§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§Ñ. §£§à §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ§ç §¢§Ý§Ú§Ø§ß§Ö§Ô§à §Ú §³§â§Ö§Õ§ß§Ö§Ô§à §£§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§Ñ, §Ù§Ñ §Ú§ã§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §´§â§Ñ§ß§ã§Ú§à§â§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú, §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ú §ã§Ö§â§î§Ö§Ù§ß§í§Ö §Ó§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ú §Ó§à §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §ï§ä§Ú§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ§ç, §Ù§Ñ §Ú§ã§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §Ò§í§Ý §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ô§ß§å§ä §Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ä§ß§í§Û §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ö§ã§ã §ß§Ñ §á§å§ä§Ú §Ü §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð?98.

§£ §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ö§Ö:

?…§¦§ë§Ö §à§Õ§ß§Ñ §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â§ß§Ñ§ñ §é§Ö§â§ä§Ñ §á§â§à§ê§Ý§à§Ô§à§Õ§ß§Ú§ç ?§Ò§Ö§ã§á§à§â§ñ§Õ§Ü§à§Ó? §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §å§Ø§Ö §á§â§à§ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §â§Ñ§ß§Ö§Ö. §µ§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î, §é§ä§à §Ó§ã§á§í§ê§Ü§Ñ §ß§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ §Ó 1933 §Ô§à§Õ§å §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ñ §ß§Ö §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §Ú §ß§Ö §ã§ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó, §ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ. §£ 1936 §Ô§à§Õ§å §ï§ä§Ñ §é§Ö§â§ä§Ñ §á§â§à§ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Ö§ë§Ö §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §ñ§Ó§ß§à. §±§à§Ô§Ú§Ò§Ý§Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ú §Ú §á§â§Ú§é§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §å§ë§Ö§â§Ò §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú; §ß§à §ï§ä§Ñ §Ó§ã§á§í§ê§Ü§Ñ §ß§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ñ §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§ß§í§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ §Ú §Ó §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§à§Þ §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ. §³§Ý§à§Ó§à ?§Ò§Ö§ã§á§à§â§ñ§Õ§Ü§Ú? §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§Ö§ä §ß§Ö§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §à §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§à. §¿§ä§à §Ò§í§Ý§à §à§ä§Ü§â§í§ä§à§Ö §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Þ §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §á§à§Þ§à§ë§î §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§í §Ú§Ù §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß, §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §â§Ö§Ø§Ú§Þ§Ñ §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§ñ99.

§£ §Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ö§é§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ§ç §à§ä§ß§à§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §Ö§Ô§à §á§â§Ú§é§Ú§ß §Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î:

?…§²§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§Ó §ï§ä§Ú §Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Ú§Ù§å§é§Ú§Ó §ç§à§Õ §ã§à§Ò§í§ä§Ú§Û §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §Ó§à§Û§ß§í, §Þ§í §å§Ø§Ö §ß§Ö §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ö§Þ §ã§à§Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ä§à§Ô§à, §é§ä§à §Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §á§â§Ú§é§Ú§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §Ý§Ö§Ø§Ñ§ë§Ú§Þ§Ú §Ó §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ö? §á§â§à§ê§Ý§à§Ô§à§Õ§ß§Ú§ç ?§Ò§Ö§ã§á§à§â§ñ§Õ§Ü§à§Ó?. §°§ß§Ú §ã§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ä §Ó §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ö§Þ:

i) §³§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó §Ü §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú.

ii) §ª§ç §ß§Ö§ß§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§ä§î §Ü §Ú§Õ§Ö§Ö §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §Ú §Ò§à§ñ§Ù§ß§î §Ö§Ô§à §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ.

§°§ä§ß§à§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §ï§ä§Ú§ç §Õ§Ó§å§ç §á§â§Ú§é§Ú§ß §Þ§í §ç§à§ä§Ú§Þ §ã§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§î §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ö§Ö:

i) §¿§ä§Ú §Ø§Ö §á§â§Ú§é§Ú§ß§í §Ý§Ö§Ø§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ó §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ö ?§Ò§Ö§ã§á§à§â§ñ§Õ§Ü§à§Ó? §Ó 1920, 1921, 1929 §Ú 1933 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ§ç.

ii) §°§ß§Ú §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Ú §à§ã§ä§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §Õ§à §ã§Ú§ç §á§à§â §ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ù§â§í§Ó§ß§à §Ó§Ù§Ñ§Ú§Þ§à§ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú. §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ §Ú §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä, §Ó §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §ã §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Þ §à§ß§Ñ §Ó§í§á§à§Ý§ß§ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î, §ã §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §à§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ú §à§ä§Ü§Ñ§Ù §à§ä §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú. §±§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ö§Ö §Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Þ §á§à§ã§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §á§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ §ã§Ö§â§î§Ö§Ù§ß§í§Þ §á§â§Ö§á§ñ§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö§Þ §ß§Ñ §á§å§ä§Ú §Ü §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú. §³§é§Ú§ä§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î, §é§ä§à §Õ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ö§Û§ê§Ú§Û §â§à§ã§ä §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §à§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§ä§î §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ö, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§à§Õ§é§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ, §Ú§Ò§à §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §Ò§í §Ó §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö §Ü§à§ß§è§à§Ó §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä §Ò§í§Ý §á§â§Ö§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß §Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ò§í §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§Û, §ï§ä§à §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §Ò§í §ß§Ö §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §Ó §á§à§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó, §Ñ §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ.

iii) §¿§ä§à §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö ?§Ý§Ö§Ø§Ñ§ë§Ú§Ö §Ó §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ö? §á§â§Ú§é§Ú§ß§í. §£§ã§Ö §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Ö §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§í §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Õ§à§á§à§Ý§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ó§ä§à§â§à§ã§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú, §à§ß§Ú §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §à§ã§Ý§à§Ø§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ó§í§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §ï§ä§Ú§Þ§Ú §Õ§Ó§å§Þ§ñ §á§â§Ú§é§Ú§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §Ú§Ý§Ú §á§à§Þ§à§Ô§Ñ§Ý§Ú §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ú§ä§î §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §á§â§à§Ú§Ù§à§ê§Ý§Ú §Ò§Ö§ã§á§à§â§ñ§Õ§Ü§Ú?100.

§£ §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ß§à§Ó§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ö§Ò§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó §Ü §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ §Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î:

?…§¿§ä§à§ä §â§Ñ§Ù§â§í§Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §Þ§Ú§â§à§Þ §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §à§Õ§ß§Ú§Þ §Ú§Ù §ß§Ñ§Ú§Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §ß§Ö§á§â§Ú§ñ§ä§ß§í§ç §Ñ§ã§á§Ö§Ü§ä§à§Ó §ß§í§ß§Ö§ê§ß§Ö§Û §ã§Ú§ä§å§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú. §®§í §å§Ó§Ö§â§Ö§ß§í, §é§ä§à §ß§Ö §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö, §ß§à §Ú §á§à§Ó§ã§ð§Õ§å §ß§Ñ §¢§Ý§Ú§Ø§ß§Ö§Þ §£§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§Ö §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§í §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §Ó§í§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§ä§î §à§ä §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§â§Ú§Ú§Þ§é§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó §Ú §Ú§ç §Ü§Ñ§á§Ú§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §à§ß§Ú §Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§í §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§î; §Þ§í §å§Ó§Ö§â§Ö§ß§í, §é§ä§à §Ó §à§Ò§í§é§ß§í§ç §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ§ç §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§Ö §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Ò§í §ã§à §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Û §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í §Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§í §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ö§ê§Ú§ä§î §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§å§ð §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§å§ð §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §ß§Ñ §ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ§ç §Ú §á§à§Õ §ã§Ó§à§Ú§Þ §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§Ö§Þ. §¯§à §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §ß§Ö §à§Ô§à§Ó§Ñ§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §Ú §ß§Ö §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ§Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í. §°§ß §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ü §â§Ñ§Ù §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §Ú§ç §Ó§à§Ý§Ú. §ª §ï§ä§à§ä §ã§å§â§à§Ó§í§Û §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä, §Ö§ã§ä§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à, §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ §å§Þ§í §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó §Ó§à §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ§ç. §¦§Ó§â§Ö§Ú §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ý§Ú §á§à§Ý§ß§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §Ó§à§Û§ä§Ú §Ó §à§ä§Ü§â§í§ä§å§ð §Õ§Ý§ñ §ß§Ú§ç §Õ§Ó§Ö§â§î §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å. §°§ß§Ú §ã§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Ý§Ú §ï§ä§à §ã §ã§Ñ§ß§Ü§è§Ú§Ú §Ú §á§à§à§ë§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ú §³§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §º§ä§Ñ§ä§à§Ó §¡§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ú. §¯§à §ã§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Ó §ï§ä§à, §à§ß§Ú §Ù§Ñ§Ü§â§í§Ý§Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §ã§Ö§Ò§ñ §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ó§Ö§â§Ú §Ó §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Þ§Ú§â. §±§â§Ú §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §à§Ò§ã§ä§à§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§ç §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Û §Ñ§ß§ä§Ñ§Ô§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§î §Ü§â§Ñ§Û§ß§Ö §Ñ§Ô§â§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Û §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â?101.

§°§ä§ß§à§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §Ó§Ù§Ñ§Ú§Þ§à§à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ§Ú:

?§®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §Õ§Ó§å§Þ§ñ §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ§Ú §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ó §å§Ù§Ü§Ú§ç §Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§è§Ñ§ç §à§Õ§ß§à§Û §Þ§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ß§î§Ü§à§Û §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í §Ó§à§Ù§ß§Ú§Ü §ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ö§ê§Ú§Þ§í§Û §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ý§Ú§Ü§ä. §°§Ü§à§Ý§à §à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§à§ß§Ñ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó §Ó§Ö§Õ§å§ä §Ò§à§â§î§Ò§å, §à§ä§Ü§â§í§ä§å§ð §Ú§Ý§Ú §ã§Ü§â§í§ä§å§ð, §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§â§ß§à §ã 400 §ä§í§ã. §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó. §®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §ß§Ú§Þ§Ú §ß§Ö§ä §ß§Ú§é§Ö§Ô§à §à§Ò§ë§Ö§Ô§à. §¡§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß§Ñ ¡ª §á§â§Ö§Ú§Þ§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à §Ñ§Ù§Ú§Ñ§ä§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §á§à §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Þ§å §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â§å, §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß§Ñ ¡ª §á§â§Ö§Ú§Þ§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à §Ö§Ó§â§à§á§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ. §°§ß§Ú §à§ä§Ý§Ú§é§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §Ú §á§à §â§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ô§Ú§Ú, §Ú §á§à §ñ§Ù§í§Ü§å. §ª§ç §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§ß§Ñ§ñ, §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§î, §Ú§ç §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù §Þ§í§ê§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §á§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§ä§à§Ý§î §Ø§Ö §ß§Ö§ã§à§Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§Þ§í, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ú §Ú§ç §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §é§Ñ§ñ§ß§Ú§ñ. §¿§ä§Ú §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§Ö §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§Þ §Ü§â§å§á§ß§í§Þ §á§â§Ö§á§ñ§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö§Þ §ß§Ñ §á§å§ä§Ú §Ü §Þ§Ú§â§å?102.

§°§ä§ß§à§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó §à §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú:

?…§¬§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §à§ß§Ú §ß§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§Ö§è §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ú §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ §ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ó§à §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§Ö §ã §Þ§å§æ§ä§Ú§Ö§Þ §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ, §á§Ö§â§Ó§í§Þ§Ú §ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ó §á§à§Õ§Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Þ §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ö §à§ß §ã§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Ý §ß§Ñ§Þ, §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§Ö: ?§¸§Ö§Ý§î, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§å§ð §á§â§Ö§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ä §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§í §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö, ¡ª §ï§ä§à §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú. §£ §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Û §ã§å§ë§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §à§ß§Ñ §ß§Ö §à§ä§Ý§Ú§é§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §à§ä §á§à§Õ§à§Ò§ß§à§Û §Ø§Ö §è§Ö§Ý§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§å§ð §á§â§Ö§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ä §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§í §Ó§à §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ§ç?. §£ §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Ô§à §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à§ß §à§ä§Þ§Ö§ä§Ú§Ý, §é§ä§à §á§Ö§â§Ó§à§Û §á§â§Ú§é§Ú§ß§à§Û ?§Ò§Ö§ã§á§à§â§ñ§Õ§Ü§à§Ó? §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ ?§ä§à§ä §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä, §é§ä§à §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§í §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ý§Ú§ê§Ö§ß§í §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §Ö§ã§ä§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ú §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó?; §à§ß §ã§å§Þ§Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ: 1) ?§á§â§Ö§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ï§Ü§ã§á§Ö§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§à§Ó §ã §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §à§é§Ñ§Ô§à§Þ?, 2) ?§ß§Ö§Þ§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §Ú §á§à§Ý§ß§à§Ö §á§â§Ö§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú?, 3) ?§ß§Ö§Þ§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §Ú §á§à§Ý§ß§à§Ö §Ù§Ñ§á§â§Ö§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§à§Õ§Ñ§Ø§Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ? §Ú 4) ?§â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §ß§Ñ §ä§à§Û §Ø§Ö §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ö, §ß§Ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Û §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§í §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í §Ó §ª§â§Ñ§Ü§Ö, §³§Ú§â§Ú§Ú §Ú §­§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ö, §Ñ §Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à, §á§å§ä§Ö§Þ §á§â§Ö§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §Ú §á§å§ä§Ö§Þ §Ù§Ñ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Û §Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§à§Û, §Ó §ã§Ú§Ý§å §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ô§à §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §Ú §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ó §Ü§à§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ä§å§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§à§Û §æ§à§â§Þ§Ö.

§´§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ §ñ§ã§ß§à, §é§ä§à §ä§à§é§Ü§Ñ §Ù§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ý§Ú§Õ§Ö§â§à§Ó §ß§Ö §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §ß§Ú §ß§Ñ §Û§à§ä§å §á§à §ã§â§Ñ§Ó§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ã §ä§à§Û, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §à§ß§Ú §á§â§Ú§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §Ó§á§Ö§â§Ó§í§Ö §á§à§ß§ñ§Ý§Ú §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ. §³§à§Ò§í§ä§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§ê§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç 17 §Ý§Ö§ä §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú §Ý§Ú§ê§î §Ü §ä§à§Þ§å, §é§ä§à §Ú§ç §ã§à§á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §Ú §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§à §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §à§Ø§Ö§ã§ä§à§é§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ. §¿§ä§Ú §ã§à§Ò§í§ä§Ú§ñ, §á§à §Ú§ç §ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ§Þ, §å§Ü§â§Ö§á§Ú§Ý§Ú §Ú§ç §á§à§Ù§Ú§è§Ú§ð. §¡ §ã§å§ë§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ú§ç §á§à§Ù§Ú§è§Ú§Ú ¡ª §Ú §ï§ä§à §ß§å§Ø§ß§à §ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ §á§à§Õ§é§Ö§â§Ü§ß§å§ä§î ¡ª §ß§à§ã§Ú§ä §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â.

… §£ §ã§å§ë§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §ï§ä§à§ä §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ý§Ú§Ü§ä §ß§Ö §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §â§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§í§Þ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §à§Ò§ì§ñ§ã§ß§ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §Ò§í §Õ§Ñ§Ó§ß§Ú§Þ §é§å§Ó§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§Û §Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§á§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó §á§à §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ü §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ. §¬§Ñ§Ü §Þ§í §å§Ø§Ö §Ó§Ú§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ú, §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ§Ú §Ó §à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Þ §Þ§Ú§â§Ö §ß§Ö §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à §Ú§Ý§Ú §á§à§é§ä§Ú §ß§Ö §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à §ä§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Û, §á§à§Ü§Ñ §ï§ä§Ú §ä§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ö §à§Ò§à§ã§ä§â§Ú§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ó §ç§à§Õ§Ö §Ò§à§â§î§Ò§í §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö. §´§à§é§ß§à §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Ø§Ö §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Ò§à§â§î§Ò§Ñ ¡ª §Ó§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §Ü§â§à§Ó§à§á§â§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ö ¡ª §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ñ §Ó §ª§â§Ñ§Ü§Ö, §³§Ú§â§Ú§Ú §Ú §¦§Ô§Ú§á§ä§Ö, §Ô§Õ§Ö §ß§Ö §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à ?§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §à§é§Ñ§Ô§à§Ó?. §´§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ §ã§à§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ö§ß§ß§à §à§é§Ö§Ó§Ú§Õ§ß§à, §é§ä§à §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §ß§à§ã§Ú§ä §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â. §©§Õ§Ö§ã§î, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ú §Ó §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ñ§ç, §ï§ä§Ñ §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ñ §â§Ñ§ã§ä§å§ë§Ö§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ. §¦§Õ§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §à§ä§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§Ö §ã§à§ã§ä§à§Ú§ä §Ó §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Þ §ä§Ö§ã§ß§à §á§Ö§â§Ö§á§Ý§Ö§ä§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ã §Ñ§ß§ä§Ñ§Ô§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Þ§à§Þ §á§à §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ü §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ. §ª §á§â§Ú§é§Ú§ß§Ñ §ï§ä§à§Ô§à ¡ª §Ú §ï§ä§à §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§Ö§ä §Ö§ë§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù §á§à§Õ§é§Ö§â§Ü§ß§å§ä§î ¡ª §ã§ä§à§Ý§î §Ø§Ö §à§é§Ö§Ó§Ú§Õ§ß§Ñ. §£§à-§á§Ö§â§Ó§í§ç, §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §ã §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §à§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§à §á§à§Ý§ß§à§Ö §à§ä§â§Ú§è§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§à§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Ö§ä §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §£§à-§Ó§ä§à§â§í§ç, §à§ß§à §ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §ß§Ö §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §á§â§Ö§á§ñ§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö§Þ §ß§Ñ §á§å§ä§Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §ß§à, §à§é§Ö§Ó§Ú§Õ§ß§à, §Ú §Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ §ã§Ö§â§î§Ö§Ù§ß§í§Þ §á§â§Ö§á§ñ§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö§Þ. §£-§ä§â§Ö§ä§î§Ú§ç, §á§à §Þ§Ö§â§Ö §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §Ó§à§Ù§â§Ñ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§à §à§á§Ñ§ã§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, §é§ä§à, §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §Ú §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§à, §à§ß§à §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §ß§Ö §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §Ó §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Þ §á§à§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú, §Ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ. §£§à§ä §á§à§é§Ö§Þ§å §ä§Ñ§Ü §ä§â§å§Õ§ß§à §Ò§í§ä§î §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §á§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§à§ä§à§Þ §Ú §ß§Ö §á§Ú§ä§Ñ§ä§î §ß§Ö§ß§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§ä§Ú §Ü §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ.

… §ª§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§ç 17 §Ý§Ö§ä §Õ§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä, §é§ä§à §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Þ §ã§à §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Û §Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î§ð §ß§Ö §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ß§à§Ó§í§Þ §Ú§Ý§Ú §á§Ö§â§Ö§ç§à§Õ§ß§í§Þ §æ§Ö§ß§à§Þ§Ö§ß§à§Þ. §°§ß §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý §ã §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ñ; §Ö§Ô§à §ã§Ú§Ý§Ñ §Ú §Þ§Ñ§ã§ê§ä§Ñ§Ò§í §á§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§ß§à §â§à§ã§Ý§Ú; §Ú§Ù §ä§à§Ô§à, §é§ä§à §Þ§í §Ó§Ú§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ú §Ú §ã§Ý§í§ê§Ñ§Ý§Ú, §ß§Ñ§Þ §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §à§é§Ö§Ó§Ú§Õ§ß§í§Þ, §é§ä§à §à§ß §Ö§ë§Ö §ß§Ö §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ô §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Û §ß§Ñ§Ú§Ó§í§ã§ê§Ö§Û §ä§à§é§Ü§Ú?103.

§±§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö, §é§Ö§Þ §ã§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ä§î §ã§Ó§à§Ú §â§Ö§Ü§à§Þ§Ö§ß§Õ§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §¬§à§â§à§Ý§Ö§Ó§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ñ §ã§å§Þ§Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ó §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§Ö §á§à§Õ §ß§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ ?§³§Ú§Ý§Ñ §à§Ò§ã§ä§à§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó?, §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ó, §é§ä§à §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §ã §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Ó §ß§Ö§Ö §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ö§Û §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §Ò§í§ä§î §Ó§í§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§í §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §ã §á§à§Þ§à§ë§î§ð §ã§Ú§Ý§í, §á§â§Ú§é§Ö§Þ §å§ã§á§Ö§ç §Ú§ç §Ó§í§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ö §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ:

?…§®§à§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §Ó§à§Ù§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã §á§à§Þ§à§ë§î§ð §á§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §â§Ö§á§â§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§Û §à§é§Ö§Ó§Ú§Õ§ß§í. §¯§Ö§ä §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§à§Õ§é§Ö§â§Ü§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ß§Ö§Ø§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§å§ð §â§Ö§Ñ§Ü§è§Ú§ð, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§å§ð §Ó§í§Ù§à§Ó§Ö§ä §á§à§Õ§à§Ò§ß§Ñ§ñ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ §å §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ù§Ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Þ§Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í.

§ª §ç§å§Ø§Ö §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§à §ä§à, §é§ä§à §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ñ§ñ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ §ß§Ú§Ü§å§Õ§Ñ §ß§Ö §Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ä. §¬§Ñ§Ü §Ò§í §â§Ö§ê§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §Ú §å§á§à§â§ß§à §à§ß§Ñ §ß§Ö §á§â§à§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î, §à§ß§Ñ §ß§Ö §ã§Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ö§ê§Ú§ä§î §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§å§ð §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§å. §°§ß§Ñ §ß§Ö §å§Þ§Ö§ß§î§ê§Ú§ä, §Ñ §à§Ò§à§ã§ä§â§Ú§ä §â§Ñ§Ù§ß§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ§Ú. §±§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à§Õ§ß§à§Þ§å §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§å §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §ã§ä§à§Ý§î §Ø§Ö §ß§Ö§à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Þ§à §Ó §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Þ, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ú §ã§Ö§Û§é§Ñ§ã. §´§â§å§Õ§ß§à §Ú§Õ§ä§Ú §á§à §ä§Ö§Þ§ß§à§Þ§å §á§å§ä§Ú §â§Ö§á§â§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§Û, §ß§Ö §Ó§Ú§Õ§ñ §ã§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ §Ó §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö §á§å§ä§Ú?104.

§¬§à§â§à§Ý§Ö§Ó§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ñ §Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Þ §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ú §â§Ö§Ü§à§Þ§Ö§ß§Õ§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú:

?…§°§é§Ö§Ó§Ú§Õ§ß§à, §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ñ §ß§Ö §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §Ò§í§ä§î §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ñ §á§å§ä§Ö§Þ §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§à, §é§Ö§Ô§à §à§ß§Ú §ç§à§ä§ñ§ä. §°§ä§Ó§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã: ?§¬§ä§à §Ø§Ö §Ú§Ù §ß§Ú§ç §Ó §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö §Ü§à§ß§è§à§Ó §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ä§î §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§à§Û?? §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ö§ß §Ò§í§ä§î: ?§¯§Ú §ä§Ö, §ß§Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Ö.

§²§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý, §à§é§Ö§Ó§Ú§Õ§ß§à, §Õ§Ñ§ã§ä §á§à §Ü§â§Ñ§Û§ß§Ö§Û §Þ§Ö§â§Ö §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ü§à§ß§Ö§é§ß§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ. §®§í §ß§Ö §Ó§Ú§Õ§Ú§Þ §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Û §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §ß§Ú §Ó §Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Þ §Õ§â§å§Ô§à§Þ §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ö?105.

§¿§ä§à §á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§é§ß§à§Ö §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ä§à§Ô§à, §é§ä§à §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§â§Ö§é§Ú§Ó§í§Ö §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §ã§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ö§Ô§à §ß§Ö§Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§í§Þ, §á§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§à, §é§ä§à §Ö§Ô§à §á§â§Ö§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ö§Ú§Ù§Ò§Ö§Ø§ß§à. §²§Ñ§Õ§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §â§Ö§Ü§à§Þ§Ö§ß§Õ§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §à §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§Ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ó §¢§Ö§Ý§à§Û §Ü§ß§Ú§Ô§Ö §Ó §Ú§ð§Ý§Ö 1937 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ:

?§£ §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§ç 17 §Ý§Ö§ä, §ß§Ö§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§ñ §ß§Ñ §Þ§ß§à§Ô§à§é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§à§é§Ñ§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ, §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §¦§Ô§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§í§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à §ã§Ó§à§ð §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§å §ß§Ñ §ï§ä§Ú§ç §à§Ø§Ú§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ§ç §Ú §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à §Ý§ð§Ò§å§ð §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§à§à§ë§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§à§ä§â§å§Õ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ§Ú. §£ §ã§Ó§Ö§ä§Ö §Ú§Þ§Ö§ð§ë§Ö§Ô§à§ã§ñ §à§á§í§ä§Ñ §Ú §Õ§à§Ó§à§Õ§à§Ó, §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ö§Û, §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §á§â§Ú§ê§Ý§à §Ü §Ù§Ñ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ð, §é§ä§à §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å§Ö§ä §ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ö§ê§Ú§Þ§í§Û §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ý§Ú§Ü§ä §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §å§ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó §Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó, §é§ä§à §ï§ä§Ú §å§ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ö §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §Ò§í§ä§î §å§Õ§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ä§Ó§à§â§Ö§ß§í §Ó §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §ã §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ñ§ë§Ö§Ô§à §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §Ú §é§ä§à §á§Ý§Ñ§ß §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §ß§Ñ §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ç §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ§ç, §â§Ö§Ü§à§Þ§Ö§ß§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ö§Û, §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ§Ú§Ý§å§é§ê§Ú§Þ §Ú §à§Ò§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Þ §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ó§í§ç§à§Õ§Ñ §Ú§Ù §ä§å§á§Ú§Ü§Ñ…

§£§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ñ§ñ §Ó §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ü§å §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §á§å§ä§Ö§Þ §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ, §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §¦§Ô§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §á§à§Õ§é§Ö§â§Ü§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §á§â§Ö§Ú§Þ§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §à§ß§à §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ, §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ. §¡§â§Ñ§Ò§í §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §á§â§Ú§à§Ò§â§Ö§ä§å§ä §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§å§ð §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §Ú §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ §ã§Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §ß§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ó§ß§à§Û §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ö §ã §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ§Ú §ã§à§ã§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß §ã§à§ä§â§å§Õ§ß§Ú§é§Ñ§ä§î §Ó §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ú §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ö§ã§ã§Ñ. §°§ß§Ú §Ó §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö §Ü§à§ß§è§à§Ó §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §á§à§Ý§ß§à§ã§ä§î§ð §Ú§Ù§Ò§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§í §à§ä §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ç§Ñ §á§à§á§Ñ§ã§ä§î §á§à§Õ §Ô§à§ã§á§à§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó… §³ §Õ§â§å§Ô§à§Û §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í, §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§ä §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §Ú §Ú§Ù§Ò§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä §Ú§ç §à§ä §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ-§ß§Ú§Ò§å§Õ§î §Ó §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Þ §á§à§Õ §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§î§ð §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó. §²§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý §Õ§Ñ§ã§ä §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§î §á§â§Ö§Ó§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§ä§î §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §à§é§Ñ§Ô §Ó §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§à…?106.

§²§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý §Ò§í§Ý §ß§Ö§á§â§Ú§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§Þ §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó, §Ò§à§â§î§Ò§Ñ §Ù§Ñ §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §Ó§í§ß§å§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ñ §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ä§î §ß§Ö§à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ. §£§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§ã§á§í§ç§ß§å§Ý§à §Ó §ß§à§Ó§à§Û §ã§Ú§Ý§à§Û §Ú §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §Õ§à 1939 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ. §£§í§ã§ê§Ú§Û §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ä §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §á§à§Õ§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Õ§Ú§Ý §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó §ß§Ñ §á§à§Ý§ß§å§ð §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §Ó§à §Ó§ã§Ö§Û §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ú §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ú§Ý §Ù§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§å §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§à§Þ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Û §Ú §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§Û §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§à§Û.

§¥§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ §¬§à§â§à§Ý§Ö§Ó§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§ã§ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§Þ§Ö§ä§à§Þ §Ò§å§â§ß§í§ç §á§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §ß§Ñ 20-§Þ §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Þ §Ü§à§ß§Ô§â§Ö§ã§ã§Ö §Ó §¸§ð§â§Ú§ç§Ö §Ó §Ñ§Ó§Ô§å§ã§ä§Ö 1937 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ. §¥-§â §£§Ö§Û§è§Þ§Ñ§ß §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý §ß§Ñ §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§Ú§Ú §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ (§ã§à §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú), §á§à§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§å §Þ§Ú§â §ä§Ö§á§Ö§â§î §å§Ø§Ö §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§å §ã §ä§à§é§Ü§Ú §Ù§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ. §°§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §Ü§à§ß§Ô§â§Ö§ã§ã, §à§é§Ö§Ó§Ú§Õ§ß§à, §â§Ö§ê§Ú§Ý, §é§ä§à §Ö§ë§Ö §ß§Ö §á§â§Ú§ê§Ý§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §ã §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §Ó §é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í. §¢§í§Ý§à §Ö§ë§Ö §ã§Ý§Ú§ê§Ü§à§Þ §â§Ñ§ß§à ¡ª §Ü§à§ß§Ö§é§ß§Ñ§ñ §è§Ö§Ý§î §Ù§Ñ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Ó §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ó§à §Ó§ã§Ö§Û §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö, §Ñ §Ó §ï§ä§à§ä §Þ§à§Þ§Ö§ß§ä §Ü§à§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§ä§à§Ó §Ò§í§Ý§à §Ö§ë§Ö §ã§Ý§Ú§ê§Ü§à§Þ §ß§Ö§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ, §Ú, §á§à §Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó, §è§Ö§Ý§î §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §Ö§ë§Ö §ß§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §Ó§í§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ñ. §¬§à§ß§Ô§â§Ö§ã§ã §á§â§à§Ó§à§Ù§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý, §é§ä§à §à§ß;

?… §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ñ§Ö§ä §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §¬§à§â§à§Ý§Ö§Ó§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §à §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §ß§Ö§à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Þ§í§Þ, §Ú §ä§â§Ö§Ò§å§Ö§ä §Ö§Ô§à §Ó§í§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §¬§à§ß§Ô§â§Ö§ã§ã §Õ§Ñ§Ö§ä §å§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Þ§å §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ§å §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§å §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§î §ã§à§á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ý§ð§Ò§à§Þ§å §á§à§ã§ñ§Ô§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§å §ß§Ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§í §ß§Ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Û §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ö §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ö§Û §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ §Ú §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§à§Þ.

§¬§à§ß§Ô§â§Ö§ã§ã §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä, §é§ä§à §á§Ý§Ñ§ß §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ, §Ó§í§Õ§Ó§Ú§ß§å§ä§í§Û §¬§à§â§à§Ý§Ö§Ó§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ö§Û, §ß§Ö§á§â§Ú§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§Þ.

§¬§à§ß§Ô§â§Ö§ã§ã §å§á§à§Ý§ß§à§Þ§à§é§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §ã§Ó§à§Û §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§ä§î §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§í §ã §è§Ö§Ý§î§ð §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §é§Ö§ä§Ü§Ú§ç §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§Û, §Ó§í§Õ§Ó§Ú§Ô§Ñ§Ö§Þ§í§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §¦§Ô§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Ö§Þ§à§Ô§à §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ?107.

§³§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§ß§à §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§à§Þ§å §¬§à§â§à§Ý§Ö§Ó§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ö§Û §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§å §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ (§Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §á§à§Õ§é§Ö§â§Ü§ß§å§Ý§Ñ §¬§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ñ, §ß§Ö §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §à§Ü§à§ß§é§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ) §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Þ§å §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§å §à§ä§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §á§â§Ú§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §é§Ö§ä§Ó§Ö§â§ä§î §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §ß§Ñ §ã§Ö§Ó§Ö§â§Ö §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ú §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ñ§ñ §é§Ñ§ã§ä§î §á§â§Ú§Ò§â§Ö§Ø§ß§à§Û §â§Ñ§Ó§ß§Ú§ß§í §ß§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§á§Ñ§Õ§Ö §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í, §Ú§Ý§Ú §ä§â§Ö§ä§î§ñ §é§Ñ§ã§ä§î §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í. §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ, §£§Ú§æ§Ý§Ö§Ö§Þ §Ú §¯§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§â§Ö§ä §ã §Ü§à§â§Ú§Õ§à§â§à§Þ, §Ó§í§ç§à§Õ§ñ§ë§Ú§Þ §Ü §Þ§à§â§ð, §Ó §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß§Ö §Á§æ§æ§í §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ñ§Ý§Ú §à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §á§à§Õ §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§à§Þ (§Ü§Ñ§â§ä§í §Ó §á§â§Ú§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú VII).

§±§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§à §Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Þ §Õ§â§å§Ô§å§ð ?§ä§Ö§ç§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§å§ð? §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ð, §Ú§Ù§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§ß§å§ð §á§à§Õ §ß§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ ?§¬§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ñ §£§å§Õ§ç§Ö§Õ§Ñ?, §Õ§Ý§ñ §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §è§Ö§Ý§Ö§ã§à§à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ. §¬§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ú§ê§Ý§Ñ §Ü §Ù§Ñ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ð, §é§ä§à §á§Ý§Ñ§ß §¬§à§â§à§Ý§Ö§Ó§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §ß§Ö§Ó§í§á§à§Ý§ß§Ú§Þ §Ó§Ó§Ú§Õ§å §ä§à§Ô§à, §é§ä§à §á§à§é§ä§Ú §á§à§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ß§å §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§à§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Ö§Þ§à§Ô§à §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§ñ§ä §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§í, §Ú §Ö§Ô§à §Ó§í§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ô§â§à§Ù§Ú§ä §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§Ú §Ü §Þ§Ñ§ã§ã§à§Ó§í§Þ §á§Ö§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §¬§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§à§Ø§Ú§Ý§Ñ §Õ§Ó§Ñ §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ñ. §³§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§ß§à §à§Õ§ß§à§Þ§å §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§å, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §Ó§ß§à§ã§Ú§Ý §á§à§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ü§å §Ó §á§Ý§Ñ§ß §¬§à§â§à§Ý§Ö§Ó§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú, §¤§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ý§Ö§ñ §à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §á§à§Õ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§à§Þ, §Ñ §ß§Ö §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Þ§å §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§å (§á§â§Ú§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö VIII). §³§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§ß§à §Õ§â§å§Ô§à§Þ§å §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§å §á§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §Ó§ã§ñ §ð§Ø§ß§Ñ§ñ §é§Ñ§ã§ä§î §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §Ñ§ß§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Ó §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ §Ú §à§Ò§ê§Ú§â§ß§Ñ§ñ §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ §ã§Ö§Ó§Ö§â§Ö §à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §á§à§Õ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§à§Þ, §á§â§Ú §ï§ä§à§Þ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ý§à §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ð §á§â§Ú§Ò§â§Ö§Ø§ß§à§Û §â§Ñ§Ó§ß§Ú§ß§í §Ü §ã§Ö§Ó§Ö§â§å §à§ä §Á§æ§æ§í, §Ñ §Ó§ã§ñ §à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ §à§ä§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §á§à§Õ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§à (§á§â§Ú§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö I§·).

§³§Ñ§Þ§Ñ §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ñ §Ó§í§â§Ñ§Ù§Ú§Ý§Ñ §à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ü§Ú §á§à §á§à§Ó§à§Õ§å §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Ô§à-§Ý§Ú§Ò§à §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ, §Ú §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§ã§á§í§ç§ß§å§Ý§à §ã §ß§à§Ó§à§Û §ã§Ú§Ý§à§Û, §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §à§ä§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §à§ä §Ú§Õ§Ö§Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §ã§à§à§Ò§ë§Ú§Ó §Ó §ß§à§Ó§à§Þ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú, §é§ä§à:

?… §Õ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ö§Û§ê§Ö§Ö §Ú§Ù§å§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§à, §é§ä§à §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö, §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Ö §Ú §æ§Ú§ß§Ñ§ß§ã§à§Ó§í§Ö §ä§â§å§Õ§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú, §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §ã §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §à §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§í§ç §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó §ß§Ñ §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §ã§ä§à§Ý§î §Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ú, §é§ä§à §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ï§ä§à§Û §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í §ß§Ö§Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à?108.

§­§à§ß§Õ§à§ß§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ñ (1939 §Ô§à§Õ)

§³ §è§Ö§Ý§î§ð §à§Ò§ã§å§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ñ§Ý§î§ä§Ö§â§ß§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§ç §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ó §­§à§ß§Õ§à§ß§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §ã§à§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ñ §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ñ §Ü§â§å§Ô§Ý§à§Ô§à §ã§ä§à§Ý§Ñ, §ß§Ñ §Ü§à§ä§à§â§å§ð §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §á§â§Ú§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§à §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó (§Ú§ã§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ñ §ä§Ö§ç, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í §Ù§Ñ §Ó§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ), §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó (§Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Þ§à§Ô§Ý§Ú §Ó§í§Ò§â§Ñ§ä§î §ä§Ö§ç §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §á§à§Ø§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ð§ä) §Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó. §¡§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §à§Ò§ì§ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§à §à §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à, §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ñ §ß§Ö §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ä §Ü §Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Þ§å-§Ý§Ú§Ò§à §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ð, §à§ß§à §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ú§ä §Ú §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §á§â§à§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§î §Ó §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§î §ã§Ó§à§ð §ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§å§ð §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§å.

§¶§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §­§à§ß§Õ§à§ß§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ñ §Ó§í§Ý§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Ó §á§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ý§Ý§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö, §ß§à §à§ä§Õ§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§é§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§é§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ§Ú §Ó §æ§Ö§Ó§â§Ñ§Ý§Ö-§Þ§Ñ§â§ä§Ö 1939 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ, §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§í §à§ä§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ä§î §¦§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Ñ§Ô§Ö§ß§ä§ã§ä§Ó§à. §£ §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ñ§ç §á§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ý§Ú §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú§Ö §Ó§ã§Ö §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§í§Ö §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ: §¦§Ô§Ú§á§Ö§ä, §ª§â§Ñ§Ü, §³§Ñ§å§Õ§à§Ó§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §¡§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ñ, §´§â§Ñ§ß§ã§Ú§à§â§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §«§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß. §ª§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à §Õ§Ý§ñ §ï§ä§à§Û §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ö§Û, §ß§Ñ §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§í §Ü§à§â§ß§Ú §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§à §Ü§à§â§â§Ö§ã§á§à§ß§Õ§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ð §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §·§å§ã§Ö§Û§ß§à§Þ §Ú §®§Ñ§Ü-§®§Ñ§Ô§à§ß§à§Þ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §Ú§Ù§å§é§Ö§ß§Ñ §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§à-§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§à§Þ.

§¡§â§Ñ§Ò§í §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §á§à§Ý§ß§í §â§Ö§ê§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§ä§î §ß§Ö§à§ä§ì§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§Þ§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó §ß§Ñ §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §Ú§Þ §ä§à§â§Ø§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à §à§Ò§Ö§ë§Ñ§ß§Ñ 20 §Ý§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Õ §Ú §Ù§Ñ §Ü§à§ä§à§â§å§ð §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§í §á§à§Õ§ß§ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §ß§Ñ §Ò§à§â§î§Ò§å §ã §à§â§å§Ø§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ó §â§å§Ü§Ñ§ç. §¦§Ó§â§Ö§Ú, §à§á§Ú§â§Ñ§ñ§ã§î §ß§Ñ §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ §Ú §Ö§Ö §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä, §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §á§à§Ý§ß§í §â§Ö§ê§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú §Õ§à§Ò§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à §Ó §ï§ä§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §á§Ö§é§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §Ú§Ù§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ü§Ñ§Þ§á§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ö§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§ã§ä§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ó §¦§Ó§â§à§á§Ö §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ô§Ý§Ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Ô§à §Ñ§á§à§Ô§Ö§ñ, §Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§ã§ñ §Ó §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Þ §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ö §Õ-§â §£§Ö§Û§è§Þ§Ñ§ß §à§ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý §Ü§Ñ§Ü ?§ï§ä§à§ä §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§Û §é§Ö§â§ß§í§Û §é§Ñ§ã §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú?. §·§à§ä§ñ §Ó§ã§ä§â§Ö§é§Ú §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ§Ú §ä§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §ã§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ü §Ü§à§ß§è§å §­§à§ß§Õ§à§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú, §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Ó§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ö §à§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ô§ß§å§ä§í §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§à§Û, §Ñ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §á§Ö§â§Ö§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ñ §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã §è§Ö§Ý§î§ð §é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú§é§ß§à§Ô§à §å§Õ§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ä§Ó§à§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó ¡ª §à§Ò§Ö§Ú§Þ§Ú §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú.

?§¢§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ñ §Ü§ß§Ú§Ô§Ñ §®§Ñ§Ü§Õ§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§Õ§Ñ?

§±§â§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý §ï§ä§à§Û §á§à§á§í§ä§Ü§Ú §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§é§î §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§Ý §Ü §ä§à§Þ§å, §é§ä§à §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §Ý§Ú§è§à§Þ §Ü §Ý§Ú§è§å §ã §ã§Ú§ä§å§Ñ§è§Ú§Ö§Û, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§à§Þ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ó §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ó§å§ç §Õ§Ö§ã§ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§Û, §Ú §à§ß§à §á§â§à§Ó§à§Ù§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§à §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§å§ð §Ú§Þ §Ó §à§Õ§ß§à§ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§ß§Ö§Þ §á§à§â§ñ§Õ§Ü§Ö §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§å. §£ §Þ§Ñ§Ö 1939 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §à§á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ñ §ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ñ §¢§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ñ §Ü§ß§Ú§Ô§Ñ, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §à§ä§â§Ú§è§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §Ý§ð§Ò§à§Ö §ß§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ä§î §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§à, §à§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ô§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó §á§â§à§Ó§à§Ù§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§ä§î §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§í§Þ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §á§â§Ö§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Û §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §Ü 1949 §Ô§à§Õ§å, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §á§â§à§Ó§à§Ù§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ñ §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §Ó §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ü§Ñ§Ü §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§í, §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ú. §ª§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §á§â§Ö§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ñ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §ä§à§Ô§à, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ó §á§Ö§â§Ó§í§Ö §á§ñ§ä§î §Ý§Ö§ä §Ó §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§å §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §Õ§à§á§å§ë§Ö§ß§à 75 §ä§í§ã. §ß§à§Ó§í§ç §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§ä§à§Ó. §±§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §ã§ä§â§à§Ô§à §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§é§å §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ú.

§³§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§Ö§ä §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§Ú §ß§Ñ§Ú§Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§í§Ö §à§ä§â§í§Ó§Ü§Ú §Ú§Ù §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ß§Ö§Ô§à §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§à§Ô§à §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§à §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§å §à §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ö §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Õ§à §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ó§ä§à§â§à§Û §Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§à§Û §Ó§à§Û§ß§í:

?… §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §¦§Ô§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §ß§Ö §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §à §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ö, §ã§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ö §Ó 1922 §Ô§à§Õ§å, §Ú§Ý§Ú §á§Ú§ã§î§Þ§à 1931 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ü §å§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ §ä§à, §é§ä§à §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä §ä§â§Ö§Ò§å§Ö§ä §à§ä §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§Õ§Ñ §Ú §á§â§Ú §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §à§Ò§ã§ä§à§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§ç §ã§à§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å, §ã§é§Ú§ä§Ñ§ñ§ã§î §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §ã §à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú, §à§Ò§å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î§ð §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í. §´§à§é§ß§à §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ø§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §ß§Ö §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä §é§Ö§Ô§à-§Ý§Ú§Ò§à §Ó §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ó §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§ç §à §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ö, §é§ä§à §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à §Ò§í §ä§å §ä§à§é§Ü§å §Ù§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §é§ä§à §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §ß§Ö §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §Ò§í§ä§î §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§à §Ò§Ö§Ù §ß§Ö§á§â§Ö§â§í§Ó§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú. §¦§ã§Ý§Ú §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §ã§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ö§Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§á§â§Ú§ñ§ä§ß§à §ß§Ñ §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Þ §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í, §ä§à §à§é§Ö§Ó§Ú§Õ§ß§à, §é§ä§à §à§ß§Ñ §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§Ñ §Ò§í§ä§î §à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ß§Ñ; §ä§à§é§ß§à §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ø§Ö, §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §à§ß§Ñ §ß§Ñ§ß§à§ã§Ú§ä §ã§Ö§â§î§Ö§Ù§ß§í§Û §å§ë§Ö§â§Ò §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Þ§å §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ó §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö, §ä§à §ß§Ö§Ý§î§Ù§ñ §á§â§Ö§ß§Ö§Ò§â§Ö§Ô§Ñ§ä§î §Ú §ï§ä§Ú§Þ §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à§â§à§Þ… §ß§Ö§Ý§î§Ù§ñ §à§ä§â§Ú§è§Ñ§ä§î, §é§ä§à §ã§â§Ö§Õ§Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ê§Ú§â§à§Ü§à §â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§í §à§á§Ñ§ã§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§à §á§à§Ó§à§Õ§å §ß§Ö§à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §é§ä§à §ï§ä§Ú §à§á§Ñ§ã§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú §Ü §Ò§Ö§ã§á§à§â§ñ§Õ§Ü§Ñ§Þ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ú§ã§î §ã§Ö§â§î§Ö§Ù§ß§í§Þ §á§â§Ö§á§ñ§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö§Þ §ß§Ñ §á§å§ä§Ú §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ö§ã§ã§Ñ, §Ú§ã§ä§à§ë§Ú§Ý§Ú §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§å§ð §Ü§Ñ§Ù§ß§å, §Ó§í§Ù§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §å §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ç §Ù§Ñ §ã§Ó§à§ð §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§î §Ú §ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ú §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú §Ü §à§Ò§à§ã§ä§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ, §é§ä§à §Õ§à§ã§ä§à§Û§ß§à §ã§à§Ø§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §â§Ö§é§î §Ú§Õ§Ö§ä §à §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ñ§ç §à§Õ§ß§à§Û §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í. §¦§ã§Ý§Ú §Ó §ï§ä§Ú§ç §à§Ò§ã§ä§à§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§ç §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Õ§à §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §Þ§Ñ§Ü§ã§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í, §Ò§Ö§Ù §å§é§Ö§ä§Ñ §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç §ã§à§à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Û, §ã§Þ§Ö§â§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ó§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §Õ§Ó§å§Þ§ñ §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §å§Ó§Ö§Ü§à§Ó§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ñ, §Ñ §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î §á§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§ß§í§Þ §Ú§ã§ä§à§é§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Þ §ä§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ§Ú §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ§Þ§Ú §¢§Ý§Ú§Ø§ß§Ö§Ô§à §Ú §³§â§Ö§Õ§ß§Ö§Ô§à §£§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§Ñ…

… §±§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §¦§Ô§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §å§Ó§Ö§â§Ö§ß§à, §é§ä§à §Ó §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§Ñ§ç §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ §Ú §Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§ã§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§à §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ú§ä§î §é§Ö§ä§Ü§å§ð §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§å§ð §Ý§Ú§ß§Ú§ð §Ú §è§Ö§Ý§Ú. §±§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §à §Ó§Ù§Ñ§Ú§Þ§ß§à§Þ §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú§Ú, §â§Ö§Ü§à§Þ§Ö§ß§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ö §¬§à§â§à§Ý§Ö§Ó§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ö§Û, §Ó§ß§Ö§ã§Ý§à §Ò§í §ä§Ñ§Ü§å§ð §ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§î, §ß§à §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§í§ç §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó §ß§Ñ §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ò§í§Ý§à §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§à §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ß§Ö§à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Þ§à§Ö. §±§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§å §¦§Ô§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§à, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ, §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à §Ó§í§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ñ§ä§î §Ñ§Ý§î§ä§Ö§â§ß§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§å§ð §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§å, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §Ó §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §ã §Ö§Ô§à §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ§Ú §à§ä§Ó§Ö§é§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ò§í §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ §ã§Ú§ä§å§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö….

… §¯§Ö§à§Õ§ß§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§ß§à §å§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ø§Õ§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î, §é§ä§à §Ó§í§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö ?§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §à§é§Ñ§Ô §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ? §à§ä§Ü§â§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Õ§Ý§ñ §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §é§Ö§â§Ö§Ù §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ú§Ý§Ú §ã§à§à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ. §±§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §¦§Ô§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §ß§Ö §Ø§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Ö§ä §à§ã§á§Ñ§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ó§í§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§å§ð §¬§à§â§à§Ý§Ö§Ó§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ö§Û §ä§à§é§Ü§å §Ù§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ý§Ú§Õ§Ö§â§í §Ó §Þ§à§Þ§Ö§ß§ä §à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú, §é§ä§à §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §ß§Ö §á§â§Ö§á§ñ§ä§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ä §Ü§à§ß§Ö§é§ß§à§Þ§å §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ. §°§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ú §¬§à§â§à§Ý§Ö§Ó§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ñ, §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §¦§Ô§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §á§à§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Ö§ä, §é§ä§à §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§â§í §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§Ñ §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §¢§Ñ§Ý§î§æ§å§â§Ñ, §ß§Ö §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ý§Ú §Ó §Ó§Ú§Õ§å, §é§ä§à §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ §ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ö§ä §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §Ó§à§á§â§Ö§Ü§Ú §Ó§à§Ý§Ö §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í …

…§Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §¦§Ô§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §ß§Ö§Õ§Ó§å§ã§Þ§í§ã§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ, §é§ä§à §Ó §Ö§Ô§à §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§í §ß§Ö §Ó§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä §á§â§Ö§à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ó §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§à. §¢§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §ä§à§Ô§à, §à§ß§à §ã§é§Ú§ä§Ñ§Ö§ä, §é§ä§à §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §Ò§í §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§í, §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å, §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ú §á§à§Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Þ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §Ú§ç §Ó§à§Ý§Ú, §ä§à §ï§ä§à §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§â§Ö§é§Ú§Ý§à §Ò§í §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó §ß§Ñ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Õ§Ñ§ß§í §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Þ§å §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§å §Ó §á§â§à§ê§Ý§à§Þ…109.

…§¸§Ö§Ý§î§ð §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §¦§Ô§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö 10 §Ý§Ö§ä §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§Ô§à §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §Ú§Þ§Ö§ð§ë§Ö§Ô§à … §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§ß§í§Ö §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã §³§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ §¬§à§â§à§Ý§Ö§Ó§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ.

…§Ó §ï§ä§à§Þ §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§Þ §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §Ó §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§í §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§í, §Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ú, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§ä§î §à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§å §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§í§ç §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§à§Ó §Ü§Ñ§Ø§Õ§à§Û §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß§í…?109.

§±§à§ã§Ý§Ö §Õ§Ó§å§ç §Õ§Ö§ã§ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§Û §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§à §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§å §Ú §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ú§Ù-§Ù§Ñ §Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§è§í §ß§Ö§à§ä§ì§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§Þ§í§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó §Ò§í§Ý§Ú, §ß§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§Ö§è, §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§í. §¯§à §à§Ò§Ö§ë§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§î §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §ä§Ö§á§Ö§â§î §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §ã§ä§â§å§Ü§ä§å§â§Ñ §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§Ó§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ù§Ñ §ä§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ, §á§à§Ü§Ñ §ï§ä§Ñ §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §á§à§Õ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§à§Þ §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û, §é§ä§à §ß§Ñ §á§å§ä§Ú §Ü §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §Þ§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ö§Ô§â§Ñ§Õ §Ú §á§â§Ö§á§ñ§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Û. ?§¢§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ñ §Ü§ß§Ú§Ô§Ñ? §ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §ã§Ö§â§î§Ö§Ù§ß§í§Þ §å§Õ§Ñ§â§à§Þ §á§à §á§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Þ §ã§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Õ§Ó§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ú §Ö§Þ§å §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à §Ò§í§Ý§à §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ñ§ä§î §ß§à§Ó§å§ð §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ô§Ú§ð §Ó§ß§Ö §â§Ñ§Þ§à§Ü §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û, §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ô§à §Ó §Ý§ð§Ò§à§Þ §ã§Ý§å§é§Ñ§Ö §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§à §Ò§í§Ý§à §ã§Ü§à§â§à §á§â§Ö§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ.

 

§³§ß§à§ã§Ü§Ú:

1. Hurewitz, J.C., Diplomacy in the Near and Middle East (Princeton: Van Nostrand, 1956), vol. II, p. xvi.

2. British Government, Correspondence between Sir Henry McMahon and the Sherif Hussein of Mecca, Parliamentary Papers — Cmd. 5957 (1939).

3. Ibid., Report of a Committee on Correspondence between Sir Henry McMahon and the Sherif of Mecca, Parliamentary Papers — Cmd. 5974 (1939), p. 48.

4. Ibid., p. 49.

5.Ibid., pp.50 and 51.

6.Ibid., p. 11.

7.Ibid., p. 11. §ª§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§é§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ü §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§à-§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ, §à§á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Þ §Ó «Feisal Documents», §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§Ú §ã§à§Ò§à§Û §á§Ö§â§Ö§á§Ú§ã§Ü§å 1919 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §ã§í§ß§à§Þ §ê§Ö§â§Ú§æ§Ñ §·§å§ã§Ö§Û§ß§Ñ §Ú §£§Ö§Û§è§Þ§Ñ§ß§à§Þ. §µ§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ø§Õ§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î, §é§ä§à §ï§ä§Ñ §á§Ö§â§Ö§á§Ú§ã§Ü§Ñ (§ß§Ñ §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Þ §ñ§Ù§í§Ü§Ö, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ô§à §¶§Ö§Û§ã§Ñ§Ý §ß§Ö §Ù§ß§Ñ§Ý) §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§í§Õ§å§ë§Ú§Ö §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §ß§Ö§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ§Ú.

§°§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §à§é§Ö§Ó§Ú§Õ§ß§à, §é§ä§à §ï§ä§Ñ §á§Ö§â§Ö§á§Ú§ã§Ü§Ñ §ß§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û, §Ú §Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §³§á§Ö§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §á§à §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ñ§Þ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Þ:

?§³§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §¶§Ö§Û§ã§Ñ§Ý§à§Þ §Ú §£§Ö§Û§è§Þ§Ñ§ß§à§Þ §ß§Ö §Ó§à§ê§Ý§à §Ó §ã§Ú§Ý§å, §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ö §ã §ß§Ú§Þ §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§Ö (§ä§à §Ö§ã§ä§î §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à§Ó) §ß§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§à §Ó§í§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§à §Ó §ä§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ?. (§¥§à§Ü§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä §¡/364 §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û, §Õ§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ §³§á§Ö§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§Ñ §á§à §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ñ§Þ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §¡§ã§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§Ö§Ö, 3 §ã§Ö§ß§ä§ñ§Ò§â§ñ 1947 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ, §ã§ä§â. 37.).

§£§à§á§â§à§ã §à §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §ï§ä§Ú§ç §Õ§à§Ü§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§à§Ó §Ò§í§Ý §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§â§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§ß§í§Þ §Ý§Ú§è§à§Þ, §â§Ñ§ã§á§à§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Þ §á§à§Õ§Ý§Ú§ß§ß§í§Þ §ä§Ö§Ü§ã§ä§à§Þ §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §Õ§à§Ü§å§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ. §³§Þ. Jeffries, J.M.N.: Palestine: The Reality (London, Longmans Green, 1939), pp. 248-257.

8. Robert John and Sami Hadawi, The Palestine Diary, vol. I (1914-1945), (New World Press, New York, 1970), p. xiv.

9 Laqueur, Walter, The Israel Arab Reader (New York, Bantam Books, 1976), pp. 6-11.
10 Herzl, Theodor, The Complete Diaries of Theodor Herzl (New York, Herzl Press and Thomas Yosecoff, 1960), vol. I, p. 343.
11 Sykes, Christopher, Crossroads to Israel (London, Collins, 1965), p. 24.
12 Esco Foundation for Palestine, Palestine: A Study of Jewish, Arab and British Policies (New Haven, Yale University Press, 1947), vol. I, p. 41.
13 Stein, Leonard, The Balfour Declaration (New York, Simon and Schuster, 1961), p. 64.
14 Sokolow, Nahum, History of Zionism, 1600-1918 (London, Loggmans, Green, 1919), vol. I, p. xxi.
15 Kohn, Hans, «Ahad Ha’am: Nationalist with a Difference» in Smith, Gary (ed.): Zionism: The Dream and the Reality (New York, Harper and Row, 1974), pp. 31-32.
16 Weisgal, Meyer (ed.), Chaim Weizmann (New York, Dial Press, 1944), p. 131.
17 Weizmann, Chaim, Trial and Error (New York, Harper, 1949), p. 149.
18 Ibid., pp. 177-178.
19 Ibid., p. 181.
20 Ibid., p. 374.
21 Ibid., p. 375.
22 Ibid., p. 386.
23 Ibid., p. 416.
24 Ibid., p. 186.
25 Stein, Zionism (London, Ernest Benn, 1925), pp. 113-115.
26 Stein, op. cit., chapters 31, 34 and 35; Jeffries, J. M. N., Palestine: The Reality (London, Longman, 1939), pp. 163-171; and Robert John and Sami Hadawi, op. cit., pp. 75-91.
27 Jeffries, op. cit., p. 172.
28 Stein, op. cit., p. 552.
29 Weizmann, op. cit., pp. 207-208.
30 Stein, op. cit., p. 470.
31 Weizmann, op. cit., p. 207.
32 Jeffries, op. cit., p. 178.
33 Mallison, W. T., «The Balfour Declaration: An Appraisal in International Law» in Abu Lughod, Ibrahim: The Transformation of Palestine (Evanston, Northwestern University Press, 1971), p. 6.
34 Ibid., p. 67-69.
35 Temperley, Harold (ed.), A History of the Peace Conference at Paris, vol. VI (London, Hodder and Stoughton, 1924), p. 173.
36 British Government, British Public Record Office, Cabinet No. 24/24 (August 1917).
37 Weizmann, op. cit., p. 212.
38 Linowitz, Sol M., «The Legal Basis for the State of Israel» American Bar Association Journal, vol. 43, 1957, p. 522.
39 Cattan, Henry, Palestine and International Law (London, Longman, 1973), Mallison, op. cit.
40 Hurewitz, Op. cit., pp. xvi-xvii.
41 Weisga, Op. cit., p. 297.
42 British Government, Public Record Office Cabinet No. 27/23 (1918) (as reproduced in Ingrams, Doreen, The Palestinian Papers, London, John Murray, 1972).
43 Ibid., Foreign Office No. 371/3398 (1918), op. cit.
44 Ibid., Foreign Office No. 800/215 (1919).
45 Antonius, George, The Arab Awakening (New York, Putnam, 1946), p. 283.
46 Hurewitz, op. cit., p. 39.
47 Ibid., p. 45.
48 United States Government, Foreign Relations of the United States: the Paris Peace Conference (Washington, 1944), vol. I, pp. 1-14.
49 Nutting, Anthony, The Arabs (London, Hollis and Carter, 1964), p. 68.
50 United States Government, op. cit., vol. XII, pp. 780-781.
51 Ibid., vol. XII, pp. 793 ff.
52 British Government, op. cit., Foreign Office No. 800/217 (1919).
53 Ibid., Foreign Office No. 371/4183 (1919).
54 Royal Institute of International Affairs, Great Britain and Palestine (London, Chatham House, 1946), p. 13.
55 British Government, op. cit., Foreign Office No. 371/5114.
56 Weizmann, op. cit., pp. 279-280.
57 British Government, op. cit., Foreign Office No. 371/5199.
58 Ibid., Foreign Office No. 371/5245.
59 Ibid., Foreign Office No. 371/5248.
60 British Government, Hansard’s Reports, House of Lords, 21 June 1922, p. 1025.
61 Esco Foundation, op. cit., vol. I, p. 252.
62 British Government, Palestine Royal Commission: Report — Cmd. 5479 (1937), p. 108.
63 Cattan, op. cit., pp. 30-33.
64 British Government, Palestine: Statement of Policy — Cmd. 1700 (1922), pp. 19-20.
65 Report of United Nations Special Committee on Palestine (A/648), p. 21.
66 Moore, John Norton, The Arab-Israeli Conflict (Princeton, University Press, 1974), pp. 22 ff.
67 British Government, The Political History of Palestine under the British Administration (Memorandum to the United Nations Special Committee on Palestine), Jerusalem, 1947, p. 3.
68 Ibid., Palestine Royal Commission Report — Cmd. 5479 (1937), p. 279.
69 Ibid., Report and General Statement of the Census of 1922, Jerusalem, 1922, p. 3.
70 Ibid., Report of the Commission on the Palestine Disturbances — Cmd. 3530 (1930), pp. 104-105.
71 Palestine, Government of, A Survey of Palestine, Jerusalem, 1946, vol. I, p. 244.
72 British Government, Palestine: Report on Immigration, Land Settlement and Development — Cmd. 3686, p. 39.
73 Ibid., p. 23.
74 Ibid., pp. 52-53.
75 Ibid., p. 54.
76 Ibid., p. 55.
77 Ibid., pp. 141-142.
78 Ibid., Palestine: Statement of Policy, Parliamentary Papers — Cmd. 3692 (1930), pp. 4-5.
79 Ibid., pp. 10-11.
80 Ibid., pp. 18-21.
81 Ibid., pp. 22-23.
82 Moore, op. cit., pp. 143-149 (text of letter).
83 Weizmann, Trial and Error, p. 335.
84 RIIA, Great Britain and Palestine, p. 61.
85 British Government, Palestine Royal Commission: Report, Cmd. 5479 (1937), p. 50.
86 Ibid., Palestine: Disturbances in May 1921, Report of the Commission of Inquiry, Cmd. 1540 (1921), p. 59.
87 Ibid., Report of the Commission on the Palestine Disturbances of August 1929, Cmd. 3530 (1930), p. 150.
88 Ibid., pp. 124-131.
89 British Government, Palestine Royal Commission: Report, Cmd. 5479 (1937), p. 82.
90 Ibid., pp. 84-87.
91 Ibid., pp. 91-92.
92 Ibid., p. 105. An account of the revolt can be found in this report at pp. 96-106. See also RIIA Great Britain and Palestine, pp. 88-97.
93 RIIA, op. cit., p. 115.
94 Ibid., pp. 116-118.
95 The Sunday Times (London), 12 April 1959.
96 British Government, Palestine Royal Commission: Report — Cmd. 5479 (1937), pp. 41-42.
97 Ibid., pp. 55-56.
98 Ibid., p. 58.
99 Ibid., p. 104.
100 Ibid., pp. 110-111.
101 Ibid., p. 124.
102 Ibid, p. 370.
103 Ibid., pp. 130-132.
104 Ibid., p. 373.
105 Ibid., pp. 375-376.
106 British Government, Palestine Partition Commission: Report, Cmd. 5854 (1938).
107 Esco Foundation, op. cit., vol. II, pp. 855-856.
108 British Government, Statement of Policy, Cmd. 5893 (1938).
109 Ibid., Statement of Policy, Cmd. 6019 (1939).
110 Translated from Pic, Pierre, «Le R¨¦gime du Mandat d’apr¨¨s le Trait¨¦ de Versailles»: Revue g¨¦n¨¦rale de Droit International Public, vol. XXX, p. 334.
111 International Court of Justice, «Advisory Opinion regarding the Status of South-West Africa», ICJ Reports. (1950), p. 132.
112 Wright, Quincy, «Sovereignty of the Mandates» American Journal of International Law, vol. 17 (1923), p. 696.
113 League of Nations, Responsibilities of the League arising out of Article 22 (Mandates), Doc. No. 20/48/161, Geneva, 1920, p. 3.
114 Report to Council on the 5th Extraordinary Session of the PMC, Doc. No. C. 661. 1924 VI, Geneva, 1924, p. 4.
115 Report to the Council on the 17th Extraordinary Session of the PMC, Doc. No. C.355 (1) M.147 (1), 1930, VI, Geneva, 1930, pp. 139-140.
116 Ibid., p. 143.
117 Minutes of the 17th Extraordinary Session of the PMC, Doc. No. C.355 M.147, 1930 (VI), p. 49.
118 Report to the Council on the 32nd Extraordinary Session of the PMC, Doc. No. C.330 M.222, 1937 (VI), Geneva, 1937, pp. 226-228.
119 Ibid., pp. 229-230.
120 Report to the Council on the 34th Session of the PMC, Doc. No. C.216 M.219, 1938, VI, Geneva, 1938, p. 228.
121 Report to the Council on the 36th Session of the PMC, Doc. No. C.170 M.100, 1939, VI, Geneva, 1939, p. 275.
122 British Government, Report on Immigration, Land Settlement and Development, Cmd. 3686 (1930), pp. 120, 125-126.
123 RIIA. Great Britain and Palestine, p. 132, fn.
124 British Government, The Political History of Palestine (Memorandum to the United Nations Special Committee on Palestine) (Jerusalem, 1947), p. 30.
125 Ibid., pp. 31-32.
126 British Government, Palestine: Statement Relating to Acts of Violence, Cmd. 6873 (1946), p. 3.
127 British Government, Survey of Palestine, vol. I, p. 73.
128 Laqueur, op. cit., pp. 78-79.
129 RIIA, op. cit., pp. 139-140.
130 Ibid., p. 139.
131 Ibid., p. 142.
132 British Government, Report of the Anglo-American Committee of Enquiry, Cmd. 6808 (1946), pp. 26-28.
133 Ibid., p. 34.
134 Ibid., pp. 39-41.
135 Ibid., pp. 29-30.
136 Ibid., pp. 1-10.
137 British Government, The Political History of Palestine, p. 35.
138 Ibid., p. 38.
139 Ibid., p. 39.
140 Ibid., p. 40.
141 Government of Palestine, A Survey of Palestine — Supplement, Jerusalem (1947), p. 10.
142 Ibid., pp. 17, 23.
143 Abu Lughod, Janet, «The Demographic Transformation of Palestine» in Abu-Lughod, op. cit., p. 153.
144 Government of Palestine, A Survey of Palestine — Supplement, p. 30.
145 Ruedy, John, «Dynamics of Land Alienation» in Abu-Lughod, op. cit., p. 134.
146 British Government, Palestine Royal Commission — Report, Cmd. 5479 (1937), p. 395.
147 Robert John and Sami Hadawi, op. cit., pp. xiv-xv.

 

§±§â§Ú§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ

§±§â§Ú§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö I — §³§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §³§Ñ§Û§Ü§ã§Ñ-§±§Ú§Ü§à §à§ä 16 §Þ§Ñ§ñ 1916 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ

(§ª§Ù§Ó§Ý§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö)

?§±§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §¶§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ú§Ú §Ú §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§Ñ§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §à §ß§Ú§Ø§Ö§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ö§Þ:

§¶§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ú§ñ §Ú §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§í §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ä§î §Ú §á§à§Ü§â§à§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§Þ§å §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Þ§å §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§å §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó §Ó §Ù§à§ß§Ñ§ç «§¡» §Ú «§£», §à§ä§Þ§Ö§é§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §ß§Ñ §á§â§Ú§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Ö§Þ§à§Û §Ü§Ñ§â§ä§Ö, §á§à§Õ §ã§ð§Ù§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§à§Þ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §â§å§Ü§à§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ. §£ §Ù§à§ß§Ö «§¡» ¡ª §¶§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ú§ñ, §Ñ §Ó §Ù§à§ß§Ö «§£» ¡ª §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú§Þ§Ö§ð§ä §á§â§Ö§Ú§Þ§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§Ü§à§Û §Õ§Ö§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§î§ð §Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ä§î §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§í§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Û§Þ§í. §£ §Ù§à§ß§Ö «§¡» ¡ª §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §¶§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ú§ñ, §Ñ §Ó §Ù§à§ß§Ö «§£» ¡ª §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ä§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ú§ß§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§ß§í§ç §Ý§Ú§è §á§à §á§â§à§ã§î§Ò§Ö §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó.

§£ §ã§Ú§ß§Ö§Û §Ù§à§ß§Ö ¡ª §¶§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ú§ñ, §Ñ §Ó §Ü§â§Ñ§ã§ß§à§Û §Ù§à§ß§Ö ¡ª §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ñ§ð§ä §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§ñ§Þ§à§Ö §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ü§à§ã§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú§Ý§Ú §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Û §á§â§ñ§Þ§à§Û §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ü§à§ã§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§î, §Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §à§ß§Ú §á§à§Ø§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ð§ä §Ú §à §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Þ §à§ß§Ú §ã§à§é§ä§å§ä §è§Ö§Ý§Ö§ã§à§à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§ß§í§Þ §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §ã §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §Ú§Ý§Ú §æ§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ö§Û §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó.

§£ §Ü§à§â§Ú§é§ß§Ö§Ó§à§Û §Ù§à§ß§Ö §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ö §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, §æ§à§â§Þ§Ñ §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ô§à §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ñ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §Ü§à§ß§ã§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §ã §²§à§ã§ã§Ú§Ö§Û, §Ñ §Ó§á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú ¡ª §Ó §Ü§à§ß§ã§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §ã §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Þ§Ú §ã§à§ð§Ù§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ§Þ§Ú §ê§Ö§â§Ú§æ§Ñ §®§Ö§Ü§Ü§Ú?.

 

1

§±§â§Ú§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö II — §²§Ñ§Û§à§ß§í, ?§Ù§Ñ§â§Ö§Ù§Ö§â§Ó§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö? §Ó §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §ã §á§Ö§â§Ö§á§Ú§ã§Ü§à§Û §·§å§ã§Ö§Û§ß§Ñ — §®§Ñ§Ü-§®§Ñ§Ô§à§ß§Ñ

2

§²§Ñ§Û§à§ß§í, ?§Ù§Ñ§â§Ö§Ù§Ö§â§Ó§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö? §Ó §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §ã §á§Ö§â§Ö§á§Ú§ã§Ü§à§Û §·§å§ã§Ö§Û§ß§Ñ — §®§Ñ§Ü-§®§Ñ§Ô§à§ß§Ñ. (§ª§ã§ä§à§é§ß§Ú§Ü: Jeffries, «Palestine ¡ª The Reality»)

§±§â§Ú§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö III — §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ §Ú §³§Ú§â§Ú§ñ §Ó 1915 §Ô§à§Õ§å

3

§±§¡§­§¦§³§´§ª§¯§¡ §ª §³§ª§²§ª§Á §£ 1915 §¤§°§¥§µ
(§±§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§í §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Ö §Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ú§è§í §°§ä§ä§à§Þ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ú§Ú)
(Based on maps in Cmd. 5957, 1939)

§±§â§Ú§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö IV — §³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 22 §±§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ñ §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û, 28 §Ú§ð§ß§ñ 1919 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ

§³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 22. §³§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§í §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §Ü §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ §Ú §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ§Þ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ó §Ú§ä§à§Ô§Ö §Ó§à§Û§ß§í §á§Ö§â§Ö§ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ò§í§ä§î §á§à§Õ §ã§å§Ó§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§à§Þ §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó, §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ó§ê§Ú§ç §Ú§Þ§Ú §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ §ä§Ö§Þ, §Ú §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§í §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §Ö§ë§Ö §ß§Ö §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ß§í§Þ§Ú §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §â§å§Ü§à§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§î §ã§à§Ò§à§Û §Ó §à§ã§à§Ò§à §ä§â§å§Õ§ß§í§ç §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ§ç §ã§à§Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ. §¢§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§ã§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§Ö §ï§ä§Ú§ç §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§à§Ó §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä §ã§Ó§ñ§ë§Ö§ß§ß§å§ð §Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ð §è§Ú§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §Ú §á§à§Õ§à§Ò§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ú§ä§î §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§Ú §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ï§ä§à§Û §Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §Ó §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ñ§ë§Ú§Û §±§Ñ§Ü§ä.

§­§å§é§ê§Ú§Û §Þ§Ö§ä§à§Õ §á§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §á§â§à§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§Ú §ï§ä§à§ä §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á ¡ª §ï§ä§à §Õ§à§Ó§Ö§â§Ú§ä§î §à§á§Ö§Ü§å §ß§Ñ§Õ §ï§ä§Ú§Þ§Ú §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ§Þ§Ú §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§í§Þ §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ§Þ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ó §ã§Ú§Ý§å §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§à§Ó, §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Ô§à §à§á§í§ä§Ñ §Ú§Ý§Ú §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Ô§à §Ô§Ö§à§Ô§â§Ñ§æ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ý§å§é§ê§Ö §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§à §Ó §ã§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ó§Ù§ñ§ä§î §ß§Ñ §ã§Ö§Ò§ñ §ï§ä§å §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ú §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§ß§í §Ö§Ö §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§î: §à§ß§Ú §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§Ú §Ò§í §ï§ä§å §à§á§Ö§Ü§å §Ó §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Ö§Ó §Ú §à§ä §Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú §­§Ú§Ô§Ú.

§·§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ö§ß §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §ã§à§à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§ß§à §ã§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ, §Ô§Ö§à§Ô§â§Ñ§æ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú, §Ö§Ö §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§Û §Ú §Ó§ã§ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç §Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§é§ß§í§ç §à§Ò§ã§ä§à§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó.

§¯§Ö§Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú, §á§â§Ú§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ý§Ö§Ø§Ñ§ë§Ú§Ö §â§Ñ§ß§Ö§Ö §°§ä§ä§à§Þ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ú§Ú, §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ô§Ý§Ú §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Û §ã§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ, §é§ä§à §Ú§ç §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§í§ç §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §Ò§í§ä§î §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§à §á§à§Õ §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§Ö§Þ, §é§ä§à §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ä§í §Ú §á§à§Þ§à§ë§î §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§ñ §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ä§î §Ú§ç §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§á§â§Ö§Õ§î §Õ§à §ä§à§Ô§à §Þ§à§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ, §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §à§ß§Ú §à§Ü§Ñ§Ø§å§ä§ã§ñ §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ß§í§Þ§Ú §ã§Ñ§Þ§Ú §â§å§Ü§à§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§î §ã§à§Ò§à§Û. §±§à§Ø§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ï§ä§Ú§ç §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ö§Û §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§í §Ò§í§ä§î §á§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§à §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§í §Ó §ã§à§à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ú §Ó§í§Ò§à§â§Ö §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§ñ.

§³§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§î §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ, §ß§Ñ §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§ñ§ä§ã§ñ §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§í, §à§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§í §¸§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §¡§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ú, §ä§â§Ö§Ò§å§Ö§ä, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Û §Ó§Ù§ñ§Ý §ß§Ñ §ã§Ö§Ò§ñ §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ö§Û §ß§Ñ §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ§ç, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö, §Ù§Ñ§á§â§Ö§ë§Ñ§ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ù§Ý§à§å§á§à§ä§â§Ö§Ò§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ä§à§â§Ô§à§Ó§Ý§ñ §â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §ä§à§â§Ô§à§Ó§Ý§ñ §à§â§å§Ø§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ú §ä§à§â§Ô§à§Ó§Ý§ñ §Ñ§Ý§Ü§à§Ô§à§Ý§Ö§Þ, §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§å §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §â§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ô§Ú§Ú §Ò§Ö§Ù §Ú§ß§í§ç §à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ü§â§à§Þ§Ö §ä§Ö§ç, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ§Ý§à§Ø§Ú§ä§î §ã§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §á§à§â§ñ§Õ§Ü§Ñ §Ú §Õ§à§Ò§â§í§ç §ß§â§Ñ§Ó§à§Ó, §Ú §Ü§â§à§Þ§Ö §Ó§à§ã§á§â§Ö§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§à§Ù§Õ§Ó§Ú§Ô§Ñ§ä§î §å§Ü§â§Ö§á§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ú§Ý§Ú §Þ§à§â§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ò§Ñ§Ù§í §Ú §à§Ò§å§é§Ñ§ä§î §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§à§Þ§å §Õ§Ö§Ý§å §ä§å§Ù§Ö§Þ§è§Ö§Ó, §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §ï§ä§à §ß§Ö §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§à§Ý§Ú§è§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ò§í §Ú §Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§í §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú, §Ú §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Þ §é§Ý§Ö§ß§Ñ§Þ §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §â§Ñ§Ó§ß§í§Ö §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ §â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §à§Ò§Þ§Ö§ß§Ñ §Ú §ä§à§â§Ô§à§Ó§Ý§Ú.

§¯§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§Ö§è, §Ö§ã§ä§î §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §À§Ô§à-§©§Ñ§á§Ñ§Õ§ß§Ñ§ñ §¡§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ §Ú §ß§Ö§Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §à§ã§ä§â§à§Ó§Ñ §ð§Ø§ß§à§Û §é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §´§Ú§ç§à§Ô§à §à§Ü§Ö§Ñ§ß§Ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ó§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ñ§Ý§à§Û §á§Ý§à§ä§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Û §à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §á§à§Ó§Ö§â§ç§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú, §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Û §à§ä§Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §à§ä §è§Ö§ß§ä§â§à§Ó §è§Ú§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Û §Ô§Ö§à§Ô§â§Ñ§æ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §ã§Þ§Ö§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §ã §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ö§Û §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§ñ §Ú§Ý§Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç §à§Ò§ã§ä§à§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó §ß§Ö §Þ§à§Ô§Ý§Ú §Ò§í §Ý§å§é§ê§Ö §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ü §á§à §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§Ñ§Þ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§ñ §Ó §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§ß§à§Û §é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §Ö§Ô§à §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú, §ã §ã§à§Ò§Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ó §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§Ñ§ç §ä§å§Ù§Ö§Þ§ß§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ó§í§ê§Ö §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§Û.

 

§±§â§Ú§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö V — §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä §ß§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å, 24 §Ú§ð§Ý§ñ 1922 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ

?§³§à§Ó§Ö§ä §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û:

§±§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ñ §Ó§à §Ó§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö, §é§ä§à §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§ß§í§Ö §ã§à§ð§Ù§ß§í§Ö §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§í §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ã§î, §Ó §è§Ö§Ý§ñ§ç §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§Ú 22 §±§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ñ §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û, §Ó§Ó§Ö§â§Ú§ä§î §Ú§Ù§Ò§â§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Þ§å §Ó§í§ê§Ö§å§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§ð §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ö§Û §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §á§â§Ú§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ý§Ö§Ø§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ö§Û §â§Ñ§ß§Ö§Ö §°§ä§ä§à§Þ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ú§Ú, §Ó §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ç §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§Þ§í§ç §Ú§Þ§Ú §Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§è;

§±§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ñ §Ó§à §Ó§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö, §é§ä§à §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§ß§í§Ö §ã§à§ð§Ù§ß§í§Ö §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§í §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ã§î, §é§ä§à §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Û §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ö§ß §Ó§Ù§ñ§ä§î §ß§Ñ §ã§Ö§Ò§ñ §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ù§Ñ §á§â§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§î §Õ§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §á§â§à§Ó§à§Ù§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û 2 §ß§à§ñ§Ò§â§ñ 1917 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §¦§Ô§à §¢§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ú §à§Õ§à§Ò§â§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Ó§í§ê§Ö§å§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §Ó §á§à§Ý§î§Ù§å §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ, §á§â§Ú§é§Ö§Þ §ñ§ã§ß§à §á§à§Õ§â§Ñ§Ù§å§Þ§Ö§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ, §é§ä§à §ß§Ö §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§à §á§â§à§Ú§Ù§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Û, §Þ§à§Ô§å§ë§Ú§ç §ß§Ñ§â§å§ê§Ú§ä§î §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ú§Ý§Ú §â§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ô§Ú§à§Ù§ß§í§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §ß§Ö§Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ø§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §Ú §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§å§ã, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Þ§Ú §á§à§Ý§î§Ù§å§ð§ä§ã§ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ú §Ó §Ý§ð§Ò§à§Û §Ú§ß§à§Û §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö; §Ú

§±§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ñ §Ó§à §Ó§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö, §é§ä§à §Ó §ï§ä§à§Û §Õ§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§î §Ö§Ó§â§à§á§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ §ã §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§à§Û, §â§Ñ§Ó§ß§à §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ú §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ö§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §Ó §ï§ä§à§Û §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö;

§±§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ñ §Ó§à §Ó§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö, §é§ä§à §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§ß§í§Ö §ã§à§ð§Ù§ß§í§Ö §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§í §Ó§í§Ò§â§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ó §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §¦§Ô§à §¢§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ö §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à;

§±§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ñ §Ó§à §Ó§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö, §é§ä§à §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä §Õ§Ý§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß §Ó §ß§Ú§Ø§Ö§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ö§Û §æ§à§â§Þ§Ö §Ú §Ò§í§Ý §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß §Õ§Ý§ñ §à§Õ§à§Ò§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û;

§±§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ñ §Ó§à §Ó§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö, §é§ä§à §¦§Ô§à §¢§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ö §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý§à §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä §ß§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å §Ú §á§â§Ú§ã§ä§å§á§Ú§Ý§à §Ü §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ö§Ô§à §à§ä §Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û, §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§ß§à §ß§Ú§Ø§Ö§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§Þ §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ;

§±§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ñ §Ó§à §Ó§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö, §é§ä§à §Ó §Ó§í§ê§Ö§å§á§à§Þ§ñ§ß§å§ä§à§Û §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§Ö 22 (§á§å§ß§Ü§ä 8) §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ, §é§ä§à §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§í §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú, §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§ñ §Ú §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Þ§Ú §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ö§ß §á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Û §Ú §à§ä§ß§à§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §é§Ý§Ö§ß§í §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §ß§Ö §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ú§Ý§Ú§ã§î §â§Ñ§ß§î§ê§Ö, §ä§à§é§ß§à §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä§à§Þ §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û;

§±§à§Õ§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ñ §ß§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Û §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä, §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä §Ö§Ô§à §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ:

§³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 1

§®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Û §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §Ú§Þ§Ö§ä§î §Ó§ã§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §á§à §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§å §Ú §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð, §á§à§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§å §à§ß§Ú §ß§Ö §à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ß§í §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ.

§³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 2

§®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Û §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§Ö§ß §Ù§Ñ §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç, §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§ç §Ú §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§Û, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §å§ã§ä§â§à§Û§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §à§Ò §ï§ä§à§Þ §å§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §á§â§Ö§Ñ§Þ§Ò§å§Ý§Ö, §Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§Ö §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§å §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ú §â§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ô§Ú§à§Ù§ß§í§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à §à§ä §â§Ñ§ã§í §Ú §â§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ô§Ú§Ú.

§³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 3

§®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Û §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä, §á§à§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§å §á§à§Ù§Ó§à§Ý§ñ§ä §à§Ò§ã§ä§à§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §á§à§à§ë§â§ñ§ä§î §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§å§ð §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§ð.

§³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 4

§³§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ö§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ö §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§à §Ó §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Õ§Ñ§é§Ú §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ä§à§Ó §Ú §ã§à§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ó §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç, §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §Ú §Ú§ß§í§ç §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ñ§ç, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §Ù§Ñ§ä§â§Ñ§Ô§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §å§ã§ä§â§à§Û§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ §Ú §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§í §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §Ú §á§â§Ú §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§Ú §á§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§ñ §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§à§Þ§à§ë§Ú §Ú §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú§ñ §Ó §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í.

§³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ, §á§à§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§å §Ö§Ö §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §Ú §å§ã§ä§â§à§Û§ã§ä§Ó§à §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ, §á§à §Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§ñ, §á§à§Õ§ç§à§Õ§ñ§ë§Ú§Þ§Ú, §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ñ §Ó §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Ô§à §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ñ. §°§ß§Ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§ä §ê§Ñ§Ô§Ú §Ó §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ë§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ§ç §ã §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §¦§Ô§à §¢§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §£§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §â§Ñ§Õ§Ú §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§à§ä§â§å§Õ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó, §Ø§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç §á§à§Þ§à§Ô§Ñ§ä§î §å§ã§ä§â§à§Û§ã§ä§Ó§å §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§é§Ñ§Ô§Ñ.

§³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 5

§®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Û §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§Ö§ß §Ù§Ñ §ä§à, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ §ß§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §å§ã§ä§å§á§Ý§Ö§ß§Ñ, §ã§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ñ §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ-§Ý§Ú§Ò§à §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ §á§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ñ §á§à§Õ §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§î §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §ä§à§Û §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ú§ß§à§Û §Ú§ß§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Û §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§í.

§³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 6

§¡§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ñ §ä§à, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §Ú §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç §é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ö§Û §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ö §ä§Ö§â§á§Ö§Ý§Ú §å§ë§Ö§â§Ò§Ñ, §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Ô§é§Ñ§ä§î §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§å§ð §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §ß§Ñ §á§à§Õ§à§Ò§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ§ç §Ú §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §á§à§à§ë§â§ñ§ä§î §Ó §ã§à§ä§â§å§Õ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §ã §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§à§Þ, §å§á§à§Þ§ñ§ß§å§ä§í§Þ §Ó §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§Ö 4, §ã§á§Ý§à§ê§ß§à§Ö §á§à§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ö§Ó §ß§Ñ §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö, §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ñ §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ú §Ú §á§à§â§à§Ø§ß§Ú§Ö §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ú, §ß§Ö §ä§â§Ö§Ò§å§ð§ë§Ú§Ö§ã§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §è§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û.

§³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 7

§¡§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§Ñ §Ù§Ñ §Ó§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§Ñ §à §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ö. §£ §ï§ä§à§ä §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§í §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §ã §ä§Ö§Þ, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Ô§é§Ú§ä§î §á§â§Ú§à§Ò§â§Ö§ä§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§ñ§Þ§Ú, §å§ã§ä§â§Ñ§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Þ§Ú§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §á§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§ß§à§Ö §Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö.

§³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 8

§±§â§Ú§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ö§Ô§Ú§Ú §Ú §Ú§Þ§Þ§å§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§í §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ú§ß§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ö§Ó, §Ó§Ú§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ó§í§Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Ü§à§ß§ã§å§Ý§î§ã§Ü§à§Û §ð§â§Ú§ã§Õ§Ú§Ü§è§Ú§Ú, §Ú §Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§Ñ §Ó §ä§à§Þ §Ó§Ú§Õ§Ö, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ú§Þ§Ú §á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §á§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö §Ó §ã§Ú§Ý§å §Ü§Ñ§á§Ú§ä§å§Ý§ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ú§Ý§Ú §à§Ò§í§é§Ñ§Ö§Ó §Ó §°§ä§ä§à§Þ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ú§Ú, §ß§Ö §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö.

§¦§ã§Ý§Ú §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§í, §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ö §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §å§á§à§Þ§ñ§ß§å§ä§í§Þ§Ú §Ó§í§ê§Ö §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ö§Ô§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §Ú§Þ§Þ§å§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ü §ã §Ñ§Ó§Ô§å§ã§ä§Ñ 1914 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ, §ß§Ö §à§ä§Ü§Ñ§Ø§å§ä§ã§ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ó§Ñ§â§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §à§ä §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §ß§Ñ §Ú§ç §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú§Ý§Ú §ß§Ö §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§ñ§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §Ú§ç §ß§Ö§á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ§Ñ, §ä§à §ï§ä§Ú §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ö§Ô§Ú§Ú §Ú §Ú§Þ§Þ§å§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§í §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §á§à §Ú§ã§ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §ß§Ö§Þ§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§í §á§à§Ý§ß§à§ã§ä§î§ð §Ú§Ý§Ú §ã §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú, §à §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ù§Ñ§Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§í.

§³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 9

§®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Û §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§Ö§ß §Ù§Ñ §ä§à, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §ã§å§Õ§Ö§Ò§ß§Ñ§ñ §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§Ñ §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ú§ß§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ñ§Þ, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ú §ä§å§Ù§Ö§Þ§è§Ñ§Þ, §á§à§Ý§ß§å§ð §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§ð §Ú§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó.

§µ§Ó§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ü §Ý§Ú§é§ß§à§Þ§å §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§å§ã§å §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§ç §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§ã§ä§Ö§Û §Ú §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß §Ú §Ü §â§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ô§Ú§à§Ù§ß§í§Þ §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§Ñ§Þ §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §Ó§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§à. §£ §é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú, §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§î §ß§Ñ§Õ §Ó§Ñ§Ü§å§æ§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú§Þ§Ú §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ó §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ú §ã §â§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ô§Ú§à§Ù§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §Ó§à§Ý§Ö§Û §å§é§â§Ö§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û.

§³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 10

§±§à§Ü§Ñ §ß§Ö §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§í §à§ã§à§Ò§í§Ö §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à §Ó§í§Õ§Ñ§é§Ö §á§â§Ö§ã§ä§å§á§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§í §à §Ó§í§Õ§Ñ§é§Ö, §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Þ§Ú §Ú§ß§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö.

§³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 11

§¡§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §á§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§î §Ó§ã§Ö §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§í§Ö §Þ§Ö§â§í §Õ§Ý§ñ §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§à§Ó §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß§í §Ó §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ú §ã §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§Ö§Þ §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í §Ú, §ß§Ñ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ö §ä§Ö§ç §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ú§ß§í§ç §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó, §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§í§ç §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Ö§Þ, §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à§Þ§à§é§ß§Ñ §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§é§ß§å§ð §ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§î §ß§Ñ§Õ §ä§Ö§Þ§Ú §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ú§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ö§ã§ä§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ò§à§Ô§Ñ§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §á§à§Ý§î§Ù§í, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§í §Ú§Ý§Ú §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§í §Ò§í§ä§î §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§í §Ó §ß§Ö§Û. §°§ß§Ñ §Ó§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ä §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ö§Ý§î§ß§å§ð §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§å, §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§å§ð §ß§å§Ø§Õ§Ñ§Þ §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í §Ú §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §á§â§à§é§Ú§Þ §å§é§Ú§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§å§ð §Ø§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§î §ã§à§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §ã§á§Ý§à§ê§ß§à§Þ§å §Ù§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ú §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§ß§ã§Ú§Ó§ß§à§Û §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ü§Ö §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ú.

§¡§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §ã §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ, §å§á§à§Þ§ñ§ß§å§ä§í§Þ §Ó §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§Ö 4, §à §á§à§ã§ä§â§à§Û§Ü§Ö §Ú§Ý§Ú §á§â§à§Ú§Ù§Ó§à§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ö, §ß§Ñ §ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§í§ç §Ú §â§Ñ§Ó§ß§í§ç §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ§ç, §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä, §ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ò §Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§â§Ú§ñ§ä§Ú§Û §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §á§à§Ý§î§Ù§í §Ú §à §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§Ú §Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç-§Ý§Ú§Ò§à §Ö§ã§ä§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ò§à§Ô§Ñ§ä§ã§ä§Ó §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í, §á§à§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§å §Ó§ã§Ö §ï§ä§à §ß§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§à §ß§Ö§á§à§ã§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ö§Û. §£§ã§ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §á§â§Ú§Ò§í§Ý§Ú, §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§Þ§í§Ö §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ, §ß§Ö §á§â§Ö§Ó§í§ê§Ñ§Ý§Ú §á§â§ñ§Þ§à §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ü§à§ã§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à §â§Ñ§Ù§å§Þ§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§è§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ §ß§Ñ §Ü§Ñ§á§Ú§ä§Ñ§Ý, §Ñ §é§ä§à§Ò§í §Ó§ã§ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ö§Û§ê§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ú§Ò§í§Ý§Ú §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ú§Þ §Ü §Ó§í§Ô§à§Õ§Ö §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í §Ó §à§Õ§à§Ò§â§Ö§ß§ß§à§Þ §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ö§Û §á§à§â§ñ§Õ§Ü§Ö.

§³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 12

§®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§ð §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §Õ§à§Ó§Ö§â§Ö§ß§í §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§î §ß§Ñ§Õ §Ó§ß§Ö§ê§ß§Ú§Þ§Ú §ã§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §Ó§í§Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ï§Ü§Ù§Ö§Ü§Ó§Ñ§ä§å§â§í §ß§Ñ§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ö§Þ§í§Þ §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Þ§Ú §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ü§à§ß§ã§å§Ý§Ñ§Þ. §°§ß §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§à§Þ§à§é§Ö§ß §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§ñ§ä§î §Õ§Ú§á§Ý§à§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§å§ð §Ú §Ü§à§ß§ã§å§Ý§î§ã§Ü§å§ð §Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§å §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§ñ§ë§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §Ó§ß§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§à§Ó §Ú §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§è.

§³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 13

§£§ã§ñ §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ó §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ú §ã§à §³§Ó§ñ§ä§í§Þ§Ú §®§Ö§ã§ä§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §è§Ö§â§Ü§à§Ó§ß§í§Þ§Ú §á§à§ã§ä§â§à§Û§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú§Ý§Ú §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö, §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ñ §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ù§Ñ §ã§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó §Ú §Ù§Ñ §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Õ§à§ã§ä§å§á§Ñ §Ü §³§Ó§ñ§ä§í§Þ §®§Ö§ã§ä§Ñ§Þ, §è§Ö§â§Ü§à§Ó§ß§í§Þ §á§à§ã§ä§â§à§Û§Ü§Ñ§Þ §Ú §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ñ§Þ §Ú §ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§ß§à§Ö §ã§à§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ò§à§Ô§à§ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §á§â§Ú §ã§à§Ò§Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§é§ß§à§Ô§à §á§à§â§ñ§Õ§Ü§Ñ §Ú §Õ§à§Ò§â§í§ç §ß§â§Ñ§Ó§à§Ó, §Ó§à§Ù§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ §Ý§Ú§ê§î §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ §­§Ú§Ô§à§Û §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ù§Ñ §Ó§ã§Ö, §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ö §ã §ï§ä§Ú§Þ, §á§à§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§å §ß§Ú§é§ä§à §Ó §ï§ä§à§Û §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§Ö §ß§Ö §á§à§Þ§Ö§ê§Ñ§Ö§ä §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§ð §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§Ñ§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §ã §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ö§Û §à§ä§ß§à§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §Þ§Ö§â, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §à§ß §ã§à§é§ä§Ö§ä §ß§å§Ø§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§â§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§î §á§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §ï§ä§à§Û §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§Ú; §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §á§à§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§å §ß§Ú§é§ä§à §Ó §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§Þ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö §ß§Ö §ã§Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §Ò§í§ä§î §Ú§ã§ä§à§Ý§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§à §Ü§Ñ§Ü §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§ð §á§à§Ý§ß§à§Þ§à§é§Ú§Û §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ó§Þ§Ö§ê§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó §å§ã§ä§â§à§Û§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ú §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §é§Ú§ã§ä§à §Þ§å§ã§å§Ý§î§Þ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Þ§Ö§ã§ä §á§Ñ§Ý§à§Þ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §ß§Ö§á§â§Ú§Ü§à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ñ.

§³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 14

§°§ã§à§Ò§Ñ§ñ §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ñ §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Ö§Þ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ú§Ù§å§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ó §Ú §á§â§Ú§ä§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §Ó §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ú §ã§à §³§Ó§ñ§ä§í§Þ§Ú §®§Ö§ã§ä§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó §Ú §á§â§Ú§ä§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û, §à§ä§ß§à§ã§ñ§ë§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §Ü §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§Þ §â§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ô§Ú§à§Ù§ß§í§Þ §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß§Ñ§Þ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö. §³§á§à§ã§à§Ò §Ó§í§Õ§Ó§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ú§Õ§Ñ§ä§à§Ó §Ó §é§Ý§Ö§ß§í §¬§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú, §Ö§Ö §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó §Ú §æ§å§ß§Ü§è§Ú§Ú §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §å§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä§å §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û, §Ú §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§ñ §ß§Ö §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ñ §Ú §ß§Ö §á§â§Ú§ã§ä§å§á§Ú§ä §Ü §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §æ§å§ß§Ü§è§Ú§Û §Ò§Ö§Ù §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ó§Ñ§â§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§Õ§à§Ò§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û.

§³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 15

§®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Û §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ§Ò§Ý§ð§Õ§Ñ§ä§î §Ù§Ñ §ä§Ö§Þ, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §á§à§Ý§ß§Ñ§ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§Ñ §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§ß§à§Ö §à§ä§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§à§Ó §á§à§Õ §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ý§Ú§ê§î §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§é§ß§à§Ô§à §á§à§â§ñ§Õ§Ü§Ñ §Ú §Õ§à§Ò§â§í§ç §ß§â§Ñ§Ó§à§Ó §Ò§í§Ý§à §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§à §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ. §¯§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Ô§à §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§ñ §Ó §ß§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§ç §ß§Ö §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ§Þ§Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §ß§Ñ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §â§Ñ§ã§í, §â§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ô§Ú§Ú §Ú§Ý§Ú §ñ§Ù§í§Ü§Ñ. §¯§Ú§Ü§ä§à §ß§Ö §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §Ú§Ù§Ô§à§ß§ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ú§Ù §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §á§à §â§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ô§Ú§à§Ù§ß§í§Þ §ã§à§à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ.

§±§â§Ñ§Ó§à §Ü§Ñ§Ø§Õ§à§Û §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß§í §ß§Ñ §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §ê§Ü§à§Ý §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ó§à§ã§á§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §é§Ý§Ö§ß§à§Ó §ß§Ñ §Ú§ç §ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Þ §ñ§Ù§í§Ü§Ö, §á§à§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§å §à§ß§à §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§å§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ã §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §á§Ö§Õ§Ñ§Ô§à§Ô§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §à§Ò§ë§Ö§Ô§à §á§à§â§ñ§Õ§Ü§Ñ, §Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ú§ä§î §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ, §ß§Ö §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §Ò§í§ä§î §à§ä§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§à §Ú§Ý§Ú §ß§Ñ§â§å§ê§Ö§ß§à.

§³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 16

§®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Û §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§Ö§ß §Ù§Ñ §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§Õ§Ù§à§â§Ñ §ß§Ñ§Õ §è§Ö§â§Ü§à§Ó§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§ä§Ó§à§â§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ§Ú §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §Ó§Ö§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö, §Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Û §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§é§ß§à§Ô§à §á§à§â§ñ§Õ§Ü§Ñ §Ú §ç§à§â§à§ê§Ö§Ô§à §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §±§â§Ú §ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§Ú §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §ß§Ö §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §á§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ö§â§í, §Þ§à§Ô§å§ë§Ú§Ö §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ó§Þ§Ö§ê§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §Ó §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§å §ï§ä§Ú§ç §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ú§Ý§Ú §á§à§Þ§Ö§ç§à§Û, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ß§Ö §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §á§â§à§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Û §Õ§Ú§ã§Ü§â§Ú§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §Ú§ç §é§Ý§Ö§ß§à§Ó §Ú§Ý§Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §á§à §â§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ô§Ú§à§Ù§ß§í§Þ §Ú§Ý§Ú §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §ã§à§à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ.

§³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 17

§¡§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ß§Ñ §Õ§à§Ò§â§à§Ó§à§Ý§î§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ö §ã§Ú§Ý§í, §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§í§Ö §Õ§Ý§ñ §ã§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ §Ú §á§à§â§ñ§Õ§Ü§Ñ, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§í §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í, §á§à§Õ§é§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö, §à§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à, §ß§Ñ§Õ§Ù§à§â§å §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§ñ; §á§â§Ú§é§Ö§Þ §à§ß§Ñ §ß§Ö §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ú§Þ§Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ú§ß§í§ç §è§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û, §é§Ö§Þ §å§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ó§í§ê§Ö, §Ú§ß§Ñ§é§Ö §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ã §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§ñ. §¬§â§à§Þ§Ö §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Õ§Ý§ñ §ï§ä§Ú§ç §è§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û, §ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö, §Þ§à§â§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ó§à§Ù§Õ§å§ê§ß§í§Ö §ã§Ú§Ý§í §ß§Ö §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ú§Ý§Ú §ã§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ö§Û §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í.

§¯§Ú§é§ä§à §Ó §ï§ä§à§Û §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§Ö §ß§Ö §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §å§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ñ§ä§î §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §à§ä §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú§ñ §Ó §â§Ñ§ã§ç§à§Õ§Ñ§ç §ß§Ñ §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§Ú§Ý §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§ñ, §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§ñ§ë§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö.

§®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Û §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§à§Þ§à§é§Ö§ß §Ó§à §Ó§ã§ñ§Ü§à§Ö §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Õ§à§â§à§Ô§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §Ø§Ö§Ý§Ö§Ù§ß§à§Õ§à§â§à§Ø§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Õ§à§â§à§Ô§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §á§à§â§ä§Ñ§Þ§Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§Ó§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§à§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §ã§Ú§Ý §Ú §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ó§à§Ù§Ü§Ú §ä§à§á§Ý§Ú§Ó§Ñ §Ú §ã§ß§Ñ§Ò§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ.

§³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 18

§®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Û §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ§Ò§Ý§ð§Õ§Ñ§ä§î, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §ß§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§à §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§ñ §Ó §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§ç §Ü §ß§Ö§Ó§í§Ô§à§Õ§Ö §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß §Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Ô§à-§Ý§Ú§Ò§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §é§Ý§Ö§ß§Ñ §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û (§Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ñ §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §å§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §á§à §Ú§ç §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§Ñ§Þ) §á§à §ã§â§Ñ§Ó§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ã §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§ñ §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Ô§à-§Ý§Ú§Ò§à §Ú§ß§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ç, §Ü§Ñ§ã§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §à§Ò§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ä§à§â§Ô§à§Ó§Ý§Ú §Ú§Ý§Ú §ã§å§Õ§à§ç§à§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§à§Þ§í§ã§Ý§à§Ó §Ú§Ý§Ú §á§â§à§æ§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§Û, §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ó §â§Ö§Ø§Ú§Þ§Ö §ä§à§â§Ô§à§Ó§í§ç §ã§å§Õ§à§Ó §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§Ý§Ö§ä§à§Ó. §´§à§é§ß§à §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ø§Ö §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §ß§Ö §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§ñ §Ó §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§ç §Ü §ß§Ö§Ó§í§Ô§à§Õ§Ö §ä§à§Ó§Ñ§â§à§Ó, §Ú§Õ§å§ë§Ú§ç §Ú§Ù §ä§à§Ô§à §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ú§ß§à§Ô§à §Ú§Ù §ß§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ó §ß§Ú§ç, §Ú §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§Ñ §ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ù§Ú§ä§Ñ §é§Ö§â§Ö§Ù §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§ß§í§Û §â§Ñ§Û§à§ß §ß§Ñ §ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§í§ç §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ§ç.

§±§â§Ú §ã§à§Ò§Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ó§í§ê§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §á§à §å§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§ä§î §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §ã§Ò§à§â§í §Ú §ä§Ñ§Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §á§à§ê§Ý§Ú§ß§í, §Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §à§ß§Ñ §ã§é§Ú§ä§Ñ§Ö§ä §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§í§Þ§Ú, §Ú §á§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§î §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §ê§Ñ§Ô§Ú, §Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §à§ß§Ñ §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä §ß§Ñ§Ú§Ý§å§é§ê§Ú§Þ§Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ §Ö§ã§ä§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ò§à§Ô§Ñ§ä§ã§ä§Ó §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í §Ú §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§à§Ó §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §°§ß§Ñ §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö, §á§à §å§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§ñ, §Ù§Ñ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ú§ä§î §à§ã§à§Ò§í§Ö §ä§Ñ§Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§à §Ó§ã§ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §Ú§Ù §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó, §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §Ó 1914 §Ô§à§Õ§å §è§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Þ §Ó§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ú §Ó §¡§Ù§Ú§Ñ§ä§ã§Ü§å§ð §´§å§â§è§Ú§ð §Ú§Ý§Ú §¡§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ð.

§³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 19

§®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Û §á§â§Ú§ã§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §à§ä §Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ü§à §Ó§ã§ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§ë§Ú§Þ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§Þ §Ü§à§ß§Ó§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ñ§Þ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §å§Ø§Ö §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ä §Ú§Ý§Ú §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §Ò§í§ä§î §Ù§Ñ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§í §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §ã §à§Õ§à§Ò§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ú §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §à§ä§ß§à§ã§ñ§ä§ã§ñ §Ü §ä§à§â§Ô§à§Ó§Ý§Ö §â§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §ä§à§â§Ô§à§Ó§Ý§Ö §à§â§å§Ø§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ú §ã§ß§Ñ§â§ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ, §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ü §ä§à§â§Ô§à§Ó§Ý§Ö §ß§Ñ§â§Ü§à§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §ã§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ø§Ö §à§ä§ß§à§ã§ñ§ä§ã§ñ §Ü §ä§à§â§Ô§à§Ó§à§Þ§å §â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§ß§ã§ä§Ó§å, §ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§Ö §ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ù§Ú§ä§Ñ §Ú §ã§å§Õ§à§ç§à§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §Ó§à§Ù§Õ§å§ç§à§á§Ý§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §á§à§é§ä§à§Ó§à§Ô§à, §ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Ô§â§Ñ§æ§ß§à§Ô§à §Ú §â§Ñ§Õ§Ú§à§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Ô§â§Ñ§æ§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§à§à§Ò§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ý§Ú§ä§Ö§â§Ñ§ä§å§â§ß§à§Û, §ç§å§Õ§à§Ø§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Ú§Ý§Ú §á§â§à§Þ§í§ê§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú.

§³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 20

§®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Û §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §ã§à§ä§â§å§Õ§ß§Ú§é§Ñ§ä§î §à§ä §Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §á§à§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§å §ï§ä§à §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §á§à§Ù§Ó§à§Ý§Ú§ä§î §â§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ô§Ú§à§Ù§ß§í§Ö, §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ú§ß§í§Ö §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ, §á§â§Ú §Ó§í§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §à§Ò§ë§Ö§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú, §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§à§Û §­§Ú§Ô§à§Û §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§á§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §á§â§Ö§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ù§ß§Ö§Û, §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ñ §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ù§ß§Ú §â§Ñ§ã§ä§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ú §Ø§Ú§Ó§à§ä§ß§í§ç.

§³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 21

§®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Û §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ö§ß §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§ä§î §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §Õ§Ó§Ö§ß§Ñ§Õ§è§Ñ§ä§Ú§Þ§Ö§ã§ñ§é§ß§í§Û §ã§â§à§Ü §Ú §Õ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ö§Û§ê§Ö§Ö §Ó§í§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§Ñ §à§Ò §à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ö §Õ§â§Ö§Ó§ß§à§ã§ä§Ö§Û, §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §ß§Ú§Ø§Ö§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §á§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Û. §¿§ä§à§ä §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ö§ß §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§ä§î §â§Ñ§Ó§ß§à§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ö §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß, §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §é§Ý§Ö§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û, §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §â§Ñ§ã§Ü§à§á§à§Ü §Ú §Ñ§â§ç§Ö§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û…

§³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 22

§¡§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Û, §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Ú §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ñ§Ù§í§Ü§Ú §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ§Ú §ñ§Ù§í§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ú §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í. §£§ã§ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §å§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú§Ý§Ú §ß§Ñ§Õ§á§Ú§ã§Ú §á§à-§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú §ß§Ñ §Þ§Ñ§â§Ü§Ñ§ç §Ú§Ý§Ú §Õ§Ö§ß§î§Ô§Ñ§ç §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §á§à§Ó§ä§à§â§Ö§ß§í §á§à-§Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú §Ú §Ó§ã§ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §å§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §ß§Ñ§Õ§á§Ú§ã§Ú §á§à-§Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §á§à§Ó§ä§à§â§Ö§ß§í §á§à-§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú.

§³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 23

§¡§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §á§â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§ß§Ú§Ü§Ú §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ö§Û §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß§í §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ó §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§ß§í§ç §Õ§ß§Ö§Û §à§ä§Õ§í§ç§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß.

§³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 24

§®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Û §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ä§î §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä§å §Ý§Ú§Ô§Ú §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ö§Ø§Ö§Ô§à§Õ§ß§í§Û §Õ§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ, §å§Õ§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ä§Ó§à§â§ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Û §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä §ã §ä§à§é§Ü§Ú §Ù§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ö§â, §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§í§ç §Ó §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Ó§à §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ. §´§Ö§Ü§ã§ä§í §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §à§Ò§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ú§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Ù§Ñ §Ô§à§Õ §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Ó §Ú §á§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §ã§à§à§Ò§ë§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ö §ã §Õ§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ§à§Þ.

§³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 25

§¯§Ñ §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ§ç, §Ý§Ö§Ø§Ñ§ë§Ú§ç §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §ª§à§â§Õ§Ñ§ß§à§Þ §Ú §Ó§à§ã§ä§à§é§ß§à§Û §Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§è§Ö§Û §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §à§ß§Ñ §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ñ §Ó§á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú, §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Û §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§à§Þ§à§é§Ö§ß §ã §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§ñ §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §à§ä§Ý§à§Ø§Ú§ä§î §Ú§Ý§Ú §à§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ú§ä§î §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §á§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ, §Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §à§ß §ã§à§é§ä§Ö§ä §ß§Ö§á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú§Þ§í§Þ§Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§í§ç §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§Û, §Ú §Ó§ß§Ö§ã§ä§Ú §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §á§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à§ä§ß§à§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ï§ä§Ú§Þ§Ú §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú, §Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §à§ß §ã§à§é§ä§Ö§ä §á§à§Õ§ç§à§Õ§ñ§ë§Ú§Þ§Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§í§ç §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§Û, §á§â§Ú §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§Ú, §à§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à, §é§ä§à §ß§Ö §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Û, §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§â§Ö§é§Ñ§ë§Ú§ç §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§Ö§Û 15, 16 §Ú 18.

§³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 26

§£ §ã§Ý§å§é§Ñ§Ö §Ó§à§Ù§ß§Ú§Ü§ß§à§Ó§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§á§à§â§Ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ú §Ü§Ö§Þ-§Ý§Ú§Ò§à §Ú§Ù §é§Ý§Ö§ß§à§Ó §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §á§à §á§à§Ó§à§Õ§å §ä§à§Ý§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú§Ý§Ú §á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ, §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Û §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ, §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §ï§ä§à§ä §ã§á§à§â §ß§Ö §å§Õ§Ñ§ã§ä§ã§ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ö§ê§Ú§ä§î §á§â§Ú §á§à§Þ§à§ë§Ú §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§à§Ó, §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ä§î §Õ§Ö§Ý§à §Ó §±§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§ß§å§ð §á§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ä§å §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à§ã§å§Õ§Ú§ñ, §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§Þ§å§ð §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§Ö§Û 14 §±§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ñ §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û.

§³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 27

§³§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ö §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §ä§â§Ö§Ò§å§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ó§ã§ñ§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§Û §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ.

§³§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ 28

§£ §ã§Ý§å§é§Ñ§Ö §á§â§Ö§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ, §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ñ§ë§Ú§Þ §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§ð, §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ú§ä §ä§à, §é§ä§à §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §Ò§í§ä§î §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§à §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§í§Þ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§í §ß§Ñ §Ó§Ö§é§ß§í§Ö §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§Ñ, §á§à§Õ §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§Ö§Û §­§Ú§Ô§Ú, §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ñ§Þ§Ú 13 §Ú 14 §á§â§Ñ§Ó, §Ú §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§å§Ö§ä §ã§Ó§à§Ö §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ý§ñ §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§à§Õ §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§Ö§Û §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §ä§à§Ô§à, §é§ä§à §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §á§à§Ý§ß§à§ã§ä§î§ð §å§Ó§Ñ§Ø§Ñ§ä§î §æ§Ú§ß§Ñ§ß§ã§à§Ó§í§Ö §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§ß§à §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§í§Ö §ß§Ñ §ã§Ö§Ò§ñ §Ó §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä§ß§à§Ô§à §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ§Ñ §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ö§Û §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ñ§ë§Ú§ç §ß§Ñ §á§Ö§ß§ã§Ú§Ú §Ú §á§à§ã§à§Ò§Ú§ñ.

§±§à§Õ§Ý§Ú§ß§ß§í§Ö §ä§Ö§Ü§ã§ä§í §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ñ§ë§Ö§Ô§à §Ñ§Ü§ä§Ñ §Ò§å§Õ§å§ä §ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ó §Ñ§â§ç§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ç §­§Ú§Ô§Ú §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û, §Ñ §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ö§â§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ü§à§á§Ú§Ú §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §ã§Ö§Ü§â§Ö§ä§Ñ§â§î §â§Ñ§Ù§à§ê§Ý§Ö§ä §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ §é§Ý§Ö§ß§Ñ§Þ §­§Ú§Ô§Ú.

§³§à§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ö§ß§à §Ó §­§à§ß§Õ§à§ß§Ö §Õ§Ó§Ñ§Õ§è§Ñ§ä§î §é§Ö§ä§Ó§Ö§â§ä§à§Ô§à §Ú§ð§Ý§ñ §ä§í§ã§ñ§é§Ñ §Õ§Ö§Ó§ñ§ä§î§ã§à§ä §Õ§Ó§Ñ§Õ§è§Ñ§ä§î §Ó§ä§à§â§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ.?1

1. §®§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ñ§ä §ß§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§å §Ó§ã§ä§å§á§Ú§Ý §Ó §ã§Ú§Ý§å 29 §ã§Ö§ß§ä§ñ§Ò§â§ñ 1922 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ.

 

 

§±§â§Ú§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö VI ¡ª ?§±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ?, §ß§Ñ §Ü§à§ä§à§â§å§ð §á§â§Ö§ä§Ö§ß§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ, 1919 §Ô§à§Õ

6
?§±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ?, §ß§Ñ §Ü§à§ä§à§â§å§ð §á§â§Ö§ä§Ö§ß§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §³§Ú§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ, 1919 §Ô§à§Õ
(§ª§ã§ä§à§é§ß§Ú§Ü: Alan R. Taylor in Abu Lughod: The Transformation of Palestine)

§±§â§Ú§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö VII — §±§Ý§Ñ§ß «§¡» §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, 1938 §Ô§à§Õ

7

§±§­§¡§¯ «§¡» §²§¡§©§¥§¦§­§¡ §±§¡§­§¦§³§´§ª§¯§½, 1938 §Ô§à§Õ
(§±§Ý§Ñ§ß §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û §¬§à§â§à§Ý§Ö§Ó§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ö§Û, 1937 §Ô§à§Õ, §Ó §ä§à§Þ §Ó§Ú§Õ§Ö, §Ó §Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Þ §à§ß §Ò§í§Ý §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ñ§ß §¬§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ö§Û §á§à §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§å §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, 1938 §Ô§à§Õ)

(Based on map in Cmd. 5854, 1938)

§±§â§Ú§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö VIII — §±§Ý§Ñ§ß «B» §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, 1938 §Ô§à§Õ

8

§±§­§¡§¯ «§£» §²§¡§©§¥§¦§­§¡ §±§¡§­§¦§³§´§ª§¯§½, 1938 §Ô§à§Õ
(§±§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß §¬§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ö§Û §á§à §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§å §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, 1938 §Ô§à§Õ)
(Based on map in Cmd. 5854, 1938)

 

§±§â§Ú§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö IX — §±§Ý§Ñ§ß «C» §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, 1938 §Ô§à§Õ

 

§±§­§¡§¯ «§³» §²§¡§©§¥§¦§­§¡ §±§¡§­§¦§³§´§ª§¯§½, 1938 §Ô§à§Õ

(§±§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß §¬§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ö§Û §á§à §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§å §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, 1.9.38 §Ô§à§Õ)

10