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§ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §Ó§ß§à§Ó§î §á§à§Õ§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Õ§Ú§ä§î, §é§ä§à §Ó§ã§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §Ú §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Ö §Þ§Ö§â§í §Ú §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ, §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§í§Ö §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§Ö§Þ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ý§Ú §Ú§Ý§Ú §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§í §ß§Ñ §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â§Ñ §Ú §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§å§ã§Ñ §³§Ó§ñ§ë§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§Ñ §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ, §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ñ §ï§Ü§ã§á§â§à§á§â§Ú§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ö§Ý§î §Ú §Ú§Þ§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó §ß§Ö§Þ, §Ú §Ó §à§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §ä§Ñ§Ü §ß§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§Þ§í§Û ?§°§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§à§Û §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß? §à §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ö §Ú §á§â§à§Ó§à§Ù§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ §ã§ä§à§Ý§Ú§è§Ö§Û §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§ñ, §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ö§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ§Ú;

§á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó §â§Ö§Ô§Ú§à§ß§Ñ §ß§Ñ §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §Ò§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§í§ç §Ú §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§è§Ñ§ç §á§â§Ú §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §Ò§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û, §ß§Ö§á§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§Ö§Þ §é§Ö§Ô§à §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§ß§í§ç §Ú §ß§Ö§à§ä§ì§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§Þ§í§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ.

§·§à§ä§ñ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §á§à§Õ§á§Ú§ã§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ 24 §Ú§ð§Ý§ñ 1981 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à §á§â§Ö§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §à§Ô§ß§ñ §ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç §Ü§â§å§á§ß§í§ç §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Û §ß§Ö §Ó§Ö§Ý§à§ã§î, §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§Ö §ã§à§Ò§í§ä§Ú§Û, §ä§Ö§Þ §ß§Ö §Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§Ö, §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ñ§Ý§à §Ú§Õ§ä§Ú §á§à §ß§Ö§Ô§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§Þ§å §Ü§å§â§ã§å. §£ §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §Õ§Ö§Ó§ñ§ä§Ú §Þ§Ö§ã§ñ§è§Ö§Ó §ß§Ñ§Ò§Ý§ð§Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §à§ä§ß§à§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §ã§ä§Ñ§Ò§Ú§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§î. §£ §Ú§ð§ß§Ö 1982 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §â§ñ§Õ§Ñ §ã§á§à§â§Ñ§Õ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç, §ß§à §Ü§â§à§Ó§à§á§â§à§Ý§Ú§ä§ß§í§ç §Ú§ß§è§Ú§Õ§Ö§ß§ä§à§Ó §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§î §Ó§ä§à§â§Ô§ã§ñ §Ó §­§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß, §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ú§Ó §Ó§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ö §à §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Þ §ß§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ó§í§ä§Ö§ã§ß§Ú§ä§î §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó §Ú§Ù 25-§Þ§Ú§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §Ù§à§ß§í, §Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ñ§ë§Ö§Û §ã §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§Ö§Þ. §°§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Þ §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§î §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý, §é§ä§à ?§Ö§Ô§à §è§Ö§Ý§î§ð §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §å§ß§Ú§é§ä§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §°§°§±?, §Ú §á§â§à§Õ§Ó§Ú§ß§å§Ý §ã§Ó§à§Ú §Ó§à§Û§ã§Ü§Ñ §Ó §­§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ö §Õ§à §¢§Ö§Û§â§å§ä§Ñ, §Ô§Õ§Ö §ã§Ú§Ý§í §°§°§± §å§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §ã§Ó§à§Ú §á§à§Ù§Ú§è§Ú§Ú §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Õ§Ó§å§ç §Þ§Ö§ã§ñ§è§Ö§Ó. §³§Ú§Ý§í §°§°§± §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Ó§í§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§í §Ú§Ù §¢§Ö§Û§â§å§ä§Ñ §Ý§Ú§ê§î §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à §á§â§Ö§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §à§Ô§ß§ñ 14 §Ñ§Ó§Ô§å§ã§ä§Ñ, §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ô§à §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§à §Ò§í§Ý§à §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Þ§ß§à§Ô§à§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ§Ú §ã§Ú§Ý§Ñ§Þ§Ú. §³§Ú§Ý§í §°§°§± §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Ó§í§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§í §Ú§Ù §¢§Ö§Û§â§å§ä§Ñ §Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§Þ§Ö§ë§Ö§ß§í §Ó §ã§à§ã§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ§ç. §±§à§ã§Ý§Ö §ä§à§Ô§à §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Õ§Ñ§ß§í §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§Ú §Ò§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §ä§í§ã§ñ§é §Þ§Ú§â§ß§í§ç §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ö§Ó, §à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §Ó §­§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ö, §ê§ä§Ñ§Ò-§Ü§Ó§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§â§Ñ §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ñ §Ó §´§å§ß§Ú§ã.

15 §ã§Ö§ß§ä§ñ§Ò§â§ñ 1982 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Ó§ã§Ü§à§â§Ö §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §Ó§í§Ó§à§Õ§Ñ §Þ§ß§à§Ô§à§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §ã§Ú§Ý §Ò§í§Ý §å§Ò§Ú§ä §¢§Ñ§ê§Ú§â §¨§Þ§Ñ§Û§Ö§Ý§î, §Ú§Ù§Ò§â§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Û §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§ß§í§Þ §á§å§ä§Ö§Þ §ß§Ñ §á§à§ã§ä §á§â§Ö§Ù§Ú§Õ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ §­§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ñ.

§µ§ä§â§à§Þ §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §Ø§Ö §Õ§ß§ñ §Ú§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§î§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §ã§Ú§Ý§í §Ó§à§ê§Ý§Ú §Ó §©§Ñ§á§Ñ§Õ§ß§í§Û §¢§Ö§Û§â§å§ä. §¬ 16 §ã§Ö§ß§ä§ñ§Ò§â§ñ §Ú§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§î§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Ñ§â§Þ§Ú§ñ §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ñ §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§î §ß§Ñ§Õ §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö§Û §é§Ñ§ã§ä§î§ð §Þ§å§ã§å§Ý§î§Þ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ã§Ö§Ü§ä§à§â§Ñ §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§Ñ §Ú §Ù§Ñ§ß§ñ§Ý§Ñ §á§à§Ù§Ú§è§Ú§Ú §Ó§à§Ü§â§å§Ô §Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ö§â§Ö§Û §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ò§Ö§Ø§Ö§ß§è§Ö§Ó. §¯§Ñ §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§Û §Õ§Ö§ß§î §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä §¢§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§à§Õ§å§ê§ß§à §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý , §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §à§ß §à§ã§å§Õ§Ú§Ý §ß§Ö§Õ§Ñ§Ó§ß§Ö§Ö §Ó§ä§à§â§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§ñ §Ó §¢§Ö§Û§â§å§ä §Ó §ß§Ñ§â§å§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §à §á§â§Ö§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §à§Ô§ß§ñ §Ú §â§Ö§Ù§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§Û §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ §¢§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú.

17 §ã§Ö§ß§ä§ñ§Ò§â§ñ §á§à§ã§ä§å§á§Ú§Ý§Ú §ã§à§à§Ò§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à §Ó§Ö§é§Ö§â§à§Þ §á§â§Ö§Õ§í§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Ô§à §Õ§ß§ñ §Ó§à§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §ã§Ú§Ý§í §Ó§à§â§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ó §Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ö§â§ñ §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ò§Ö§Ø§Ö§ß§è§Ö§Ó §³§Ñ§Ò§â§Ñ §Ú §º§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ñ §Ó §©§Ñ§á§Ñ§Õ§ß§à§Þ §¢§Ö§Û§â§å§ä§Ö §Ú §å§é§Ú§ß§Ú§Ý§Ú §Þ§Ñ§ã§ã§à§Ó§å§ð §â§Ö§Ù§ß§ð §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ.

18 §ã§Ö§ß§ä§ñ§Ò§â§ñ §Ò§í§Ý§à §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ö§ß§à §á§à§Õ§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ä§à§Ô§à, §é§ä§à §Ó §Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ö§â§ñ§ç §Ò§Ö§Ø§Ö§ß§è§Ö§Ó §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §å§ã§ä§â§à§Ö§ß§Ñ §Þ§Ñ§ã§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ñ §â§Ö§Ù§ß§ñ. §¢§í§Ý§à §à§Ò§ß§Ñ§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§à §à§Ô§â§à§Þ§ß§à§Ö §Ü§à§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à §ä§Ö§Ý (§ß§Ö§Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ú§Ù §ß§Ú§ç §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Ú§Ù§å§â§à§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§í) §Þ§å§Ø§é§Ú§ß, §Ø§Ö§ß§ë§Ú§ß §Ú §Õ§Ö§ä§Ö§Û, §Þ§ß§à§Ô§Ú§Ö §Ú§Ù §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç, §à§é§Ö§Ó§Ú§Õ§ß§à, §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §å§Ò§Ú§ä§í §á§â§Ú §á§à§á§í§ä§Ü§Ö §ã§Ü§â§í§ä§î§ã§ñ; §Þ§ß§à§Ô§Ú§Ö §Õ§à§Þ§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Ó§Ù§à§â§Ó§Ñ§ß§í §Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ö §ã §Ú§ç §Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ§Þ§Ú; §à§Ü§à§Ý§à §à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Ú§Ù §Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ö§â§Ö§Û §Ò§í§Ý§à §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §à§Ò§ß§Ñ§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§à §Þ§Ñ§ã§ã§à§Ó§à§Ö §Ù§Ñ§ç§à§â§à§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö.

§­§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §ã§à§Ò§í§ä§Ú§ñ §Ý§Ö§ä§Ñ 1982 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Ó§ß§à§Ó§î §á§à§Õ§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ú §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §å§â§Ö§Ô§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ñ §à §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö. §£ §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§ç §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§ç, §ã§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Ó §ï§ä§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ, §Ó§ß§à§Ó§î §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §à§ä§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§à§à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó §ã§â§à§é§ß§à§Þ §Ú§Ù§í§ã§Ü§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Ô§à-§Ý§Ú§Ò§à §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ.

1 §ã§Ö§ß§ä§ñ§Ò§â§ñ 1982 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §á§â§Ö§Ù§Ú§Õ§Ö§ß§ä §²§Ö§Û§Ô§Ñ§ß §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ú§Ý §ã §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §á§à§Õ§â§à§Ò§ß§à §Ú§Ù§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §á§à§Ù§Ú§è§Ú§ñ §³§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §º§ä§Ñ§ä§à§Ó §¡§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ó§ã§Ö§à§Ò§ì§Ö§Þ§Ý§ð§ë§Ö§Ô§à §å§â§Ö§Ô§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ò§Ý§Ú§Ø§ß§Ö§Ó§à§ã§ä§à§é§ß§à§Û §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ö, §á§à §Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §³§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §º§ä§Ñ§ä§à§Ó, §å§é§ä§Ö§ä §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§í §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß §Ú §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §à§ä§Ó§Ö§é§Ñ§ä§î §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§ß§í§Þ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Þ §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ. §³§Ñ§Þ§à§å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§Þ§à§Ö §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ñ§Þ§Ú §ß§Ñ §©§Ñ§á§Ñ§Õ§ß§à§Þ §Ò§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§å §Ú §Ó §ã§Ö§Ü§ä§à§â§Ö §¤§Ñ§Ù§Ñ §ã§à§Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§à §ã §ª§à§â§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Û §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ§Ú§Ý§å§é§ê§Ö§Û §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§î§ð §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Õ§à§Ý§Ô§à§Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à, §ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§Ô§à §Ú §á§â§à§é§ß§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ. §¿§ä§à§ä §á§à§Õ§ç§à§Õ §Ò§í§Ý §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß §ß§Ñ §ä§à§Þ §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§Ö, §é§ä§à §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à-§Ú§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§î§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ý§Ú§Ü§ä §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ö§ß §Ò§í§ä§î §å§â§Ö§Ô§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß §á§å§ä§Ö§Þ §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§à§Ó, §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç §à§Ò§Þ§Ö§ß §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §ß§Ñ §Þ§Ú§â. §´§Ñ§Ü§à§Û §à§Ò§Þ§Ö§ß §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §â§Ö§Ù§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§Ö§Û 242 (1967) §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ §¢§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú. §±§â§Ö§Ù§Ú§Õ§Ö§ß§ä §á§à-§á§â§Ö§Ø§ß§Ö§Þ§å §Ò§í§Ý §å§Ò§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß, §é§ä§à §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ö§ß §à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§í§Þ, §ß§à §Ö§Ô§à §à§Ü§à§ß§é§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§å§ã §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ö§ß §Ò§í§ä§î §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß §ß§Ñ §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§Ñ§ç2. §°§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §ï§ä§Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§â§Ñ§Ù§å §Ø§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §à§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ô§ß§å§ä§í §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§Ö§Þ, §Ñ §Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Þ §á§à§Õ§Ó§Ö§â§Ô§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ü§â§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ö §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó, §á§à §Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç, §à§ß§Ú §ß§Ö §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä §Ó §á§à§Ý§ß§à§Û §Þ§Ö§â§Ö §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§è§Ñ§Þ§Ú §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö.

9 §ã§Ö§ß§ä§ñ§Ò§â§ñ 1982 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Õ§Ó§Ö§ß§Ñ§Õ§è§Ñ§ä§à§Ö §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Ö §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ë§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ §Ó§í§ã§ê§Ö§Þ §å§â§à§Ó§ß§Ö, §ã§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§Ó§ê§Ö§Ö§ã§ñ §Ó §¶§Ö§ã§Ö, §®§Ñ§â§à§Ü§Ü§à, §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý§à §Þ§Ú§â§ß§í§Û §á§Ý§Ñ§ß §á§à §¢§Ý§Ú§Ø§ß§Ö§Þ§å §£§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§å §Ú§Ù §Ó§à§ã§î§Þ§Ú §á§å§ß§Ü§ä§à§Ó3;

a) §å§ç§à§Õ §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§ñ §ã§à §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Û, §à§Ü§Ü§å§á§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Ó 1967 §Ô§à§Õ§å, §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ñ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§å§ð §é§Ñ§ã§ä§î §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ;

b) §Ý§Ú§Ü§Ó§Ú§Õ§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §á§à§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Û, §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§Ö§Þ §ß§Ñ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ§ç §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö 1967 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ;

c) §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§í §Ó§Ö§â§à§Ú§ã§á§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §à§ä§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §â§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ô§Ú§à§Ù§ß§í§ç §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§à§Ó §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §â§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ô§Ú§Û §Ó §³§Ó§ñ§ä§í§ç §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ñ§ç;

d) §á§à§Õ§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ §ß§Ñ §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ö§Ô§à §Ò§Ö§ã§ã§á§à§â§ß§í§ç §Ú §ß§Ö§à§ä§ì§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§Þ§í§ç §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó §á§à§Õ §â§å§Ü§à§Ó§à§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §à§ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §Ö§Ô§à §Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §Ú §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ, §Ú §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ü§à§Þ§á§Ö§ß§ã§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §ä§Ö§Þ, §Ü§ä§à §ß§Ö §Ø§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ó§à§Ù§Ó§â§Ñ§ë§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ;

e) §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§Ñ§é§Ñ §©§Ñ§á§Ñ§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §Ò§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§Ñ §Ú §ã§Ö§Ü§ä§à§â§Ñ §¤§Ñ§Ù§Ñ §á§à§Õ §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§î §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §ß§Ñ §á§Ö§â§Ö§ç§à§Õ§ß§í§Û §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ, §ß§Ö §á§â§Ö§Ó§í§ê§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Û §ß§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§Ú§ç §Þ§Ö§ã§ñ§è§Ö§Ó;

f) §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§Ô§à §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §ã§à §ã§ä§à§Ý§Ú§è§Ö§Û §Ó §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ö;

g) §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä§à§Þ §¢§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§Û §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §Ó§ã§Ö§Þ§Ú §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú §â§Ö§Ô§Ú§à§ß§Ñ, §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ñ §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§Ö §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§à;

h) §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä §¢§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ö§ß §Ô§Ñ§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ã§à§Ò§Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ï§ä§Ú§ç §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§à§Ó.

§·§à§ä§ñ §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§î §Ú §à§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ô §ï§ä§Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ó§à §Þ§ß§à§Ô§à§Þ §ã§à§Ó§á§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§ð§ä §ã §á§à§Ù§Ú§è§Ú§Ö§Û §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û, §á§Ö§â§Ó§à§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §â§Ö§Ü§à§Þ§Ö§ß§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Û §¬§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§à§Þ §á§à §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §ß§Ö§à§ä§ì§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§Þ§í§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ, §Þ§ß§à§Ô§Ú§Ö §â§Ñ§ã§è§Ö§ß§Ú§Ý§Ú §Ú§ç §Ü§Ñ§Ü §á§â§à§é§ß§å§ð §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§å §Õ§Ý§ñ §å§â§Ö§Ô§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ.

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§£ §ß§à§ñ§Ò§â§Ö 1983 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §á§â§à§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§à§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó §â§ñ§Õ§Ñ§ç §°§°§± §Ó §Ý§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Þ §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§Ö §´§â§Ú§á§à§Ý§Ú §Ú §Ö§Ô§à §à§Ü§â§Ö§ã§ä§ß§à§ã§ä§ñ§ç §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §ß§Ö§Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Þ §Ó§à§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §ï§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ§Þ§Ú §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ú §Ó§à§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §ã§ä§à§Ý§Ü§ß§à§Ó§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ.

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§£ §Õ§Ö§Ü§Ñ§Ò§â§Ö §±§â§Ö§Õ§ã§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î §ª§ã§á§à§Ý§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§Ñ §Á§ã§Ú§â §¡§â§Ñ§æ§Ñ§ä §Ó §ã§à§á§â§à§Ó§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú 3000 §Ó§à§à§â§å§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ý§Ú§è §Ú 1000 §é§Ý§Ö§ß§à§Ó §á§à§Ý§å§Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §æ§à§â§Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û §á§à§Ô§â§å§Ù§Ú§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ó §´§â§Ú§á§à§Ý§Ú §ß§Ñ §Ô§â§Ö§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §ã§å§Õ§Ñ. §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §ã§Ö§Ü§â§Ö§ä§Ñ§â§î §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §á§â§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§à§ß§ã§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §ã §é§Ý§Ö§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ §¢§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§ã§ñ §å§Õ§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ä§Ó§à§â§Ú§ä§î §á§â§à§ã§î§Ò§å §à §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §Ó §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §Ô§å§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ä§Ñ§â§ß§à§Ô§à §Ø§Ö§ã§ä§Ñ §ß§Ñ §ã§å§Õ§Ñ§ç, §ã§à§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç §ï§Ó§Ñ§Ü§å§Ñ§è§Ú§ð, §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §á§à§Õ§ß§ñ§ä§í §æ§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ú §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û.

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§±§à§ã§Ý§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§ä§à§â§à§Ô§à §Õ§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ñ §¬§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú () §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä §¢§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý 1 §Þ§Ñ§â§ä§Ñ 1980 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ , §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §à§ß §Ó§í§ã§à§Ü§à §à§è§Ö§ß§Ú§Ý §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§å, §á§â§à§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ß§ß§å§ð §¬§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ö§Û §á§à §á§à§Õ§Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§Ü§Ö §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Ô§à §Ó§ä§à§â§à§Ô§à §Õ§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ñ, §Ú §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§ã§ñ §ã §Ó§í§Ó§à§Õ§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §â§Ö§Ü§à§Þ§Ö§ß§Õ§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú, §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ë§Ú§Þ§Ú§ã§ñ §Ó §Ó§í§ê§Ö§å§á§à§Þ§ñ§ß§å§ä§à§Þ §Õ§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ö. §°§ß §á§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ú§Ý, §é§ä§à ?§Ó§ã§Ö §Þ§Ö§â§í, §á§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ö§Þ§í§Ö §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§Ö§Þ §á§à §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §æ§Ú§Ù§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â§Ñ, §Õ§Ö§Þ§à§Ô§â§Ñ§æ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ñ, §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§à§Û §ã§ä§â§å§Ü§ä§å§â§í §Ú§Ý§Ú §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§å§ã§Ñ §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Û, §à§Ü§Ü§å§á§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §ã 1967 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ, §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ñ §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ, §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ý§ð§Ò§à§Û §Ú§ç §é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú, §ß§Ö §Ú§Þ§Ö§ð§ä §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§ß§à§Û §ã§Ú§Ý§í §Ú §é§ä§à §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ §Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§ñ §á§à §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ô§â§å§á§á §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §ß§à§Ó§í§ç §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§ä§à§Ó §ß§Ñ §ï§ä§Ú§ç §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ§ç §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §Ô§â§å§Ò§í§Þ §ß§Ñ§â§å§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §¨§Ö§ß§Ö§Ó§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ü§à§ß§Ó§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú §à §Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§Ö §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §Ó§à§Û§ß§í, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä §ã§à§Ò§à§Û §ã§Ö§â§î§Ö§Ù§ß§à§Ö §á§â§Ö§á§ñ§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ §á§å§ä§Ú §Ü §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ó§ã§Ö§à§Ò§ì§Ö§Þ§Ý§ð§ë§Ö§Ô§à, §ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§Ô§à §Ú §á§â§à§é§ß§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ §ß§Ñ §¢§Ý§Ú§Ø§ß§Ö§Þ §£§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§Ö. §£ §â§Ö§Ù§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§Ú §á§â§Ú§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î ?§Ó§ã§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §ß§Ö §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§ð §ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Û §á§à§Þ§à§ë§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §Ò§í§ä§î §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ñ §ß§Ö§á§à§ã§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à §Ó §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ú §ã §á§à§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §Ó §à§Ü§Ü§å§á§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ§ç?; §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §¬§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú ?§á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ú§ä§î §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §ã §á§à§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §ß§Ñ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ§ç, §à§Ü§Ü§å§á§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §ã 1967 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ, §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ñ §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ, §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ã§à§à§Ò§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à §ã§Ö§â§î§Ö§Ù§ß§à§Þ §Ú§ã§ä§à§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §á§â§Ú§â§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§à§Ó, §Ó §é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ó§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§à§Ó, §ã §ä§Ö§Þ §é§ä§à§Ò§í §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§ä§î §à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§å §ï§ä§Ú§ç §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§í§ç §á§â§Ú§â§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§à§Ó §ß§Ñ §à§Ü§Ü§å§á§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ§ç §Ú §Ó§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§Ú§ä§î §Ù§Ñ §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§à§ñ§ë§Ö§Û §â§Ö§Ù§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§Ú?. §¬§à§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §Ò§í§Ý§à §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§à §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§î §Õ§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä§å §¢§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Õ§à 1 §ã§Ö§ß§ä§ñ§Ò§â§ñ 1980 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ.

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§£ §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Þ §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §à§ß §à§ã§å§Õ§Ú§Ý §à§ä§â§Ú§è§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§å§ð §â§à§Ý§î §³§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §º§ä§Ñ§ä§à§Ó §Ó §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä§Ö §¢§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §à§Ò§ì§ñ§ã§ß§Ú§Ý, §á§à§é§Ö§Þ§å §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §à§ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §ß§Ö §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§î §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ó§í§Õ§Ó§Ú§ß§å§ä§í§Ö §á§â§Ö§Ù§Ú§Õ§Ö§ß§ä§à§Þ §²§Ö§Û§Ô§Ñ§ß§à§Þ. §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ä §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §à§Õ§à§Ò§â§Ú§Ý §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Þ§Ú§â§ß§í§Û §á§Ý§Ñ§ß, §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§í§Û §ß§Ñ §Õ§Ó§Ö§ß§Ñ§Õ§è§Ñ§ä§à§Þ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Þ §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ë§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §ß§Ñ §Ó§í§ã§ê§Ö§Þ §å§â§à§Ó§ß§Ö, §ã§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§Ó§ê§Ö§Þ§ã§ñ §Ó §¶§Ö§ã§Ö 9 §ã§Ö§ß§ä§ñ§Ò§â§ñ 1982 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ, §Ú §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ý §Þ§Ú§â§ß§í§Ö §Ú§ß§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§í §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §³§à§ð§Ù§Ñ.

§¤-§ß §¡§â§Ñ§æ§Ñ§ä §á§à§Õ§é§Ö§â§Ü§ß§å§Ý, §é§ä§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §à§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ô§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ó§à§Û§ß§å §Ú §Ò§à§â§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ù§Ñ §ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§î. §°§ß §Ó§í§â§Ñ§Ù§Ú§Ý §ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §ß§Ñ §ä§à, §é§ä§à §¬§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ñ §ã§Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§î §ã§à§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §á§à§Ú§ã§Ü§Ñ§Þ §á§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§à§Ó §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ö§à§ä§ì§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§Þ§í§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ.

§£ §ï§ä§à§Û §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ú §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §à§ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §á§à§Ø§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §á§à§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§Þ§Ú §ã§à§à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú:

a) §Ò§Ý§Ú§Ø§ß§Ö§Ó§à§ã§ä§à§é§ß§í§Û §â§Ö§Ô§Ú§à§ß §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ö§ß §Ò§í§ä§î §Ù§Ñ§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ç§à§Ó§Ñ§ß §à§ä §Þ§à§ß§à§á§à§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §ã§à §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í §Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Û-§Ý§Ú§Ò§à §Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§à§Û §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§í;

b) §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §á§â§ñ§Þ§à§Û §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Û §à§Ò§ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î§ð;

c) §â§Ö§Ù§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§Ú §³§à§Ó§Ö§ë§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ §Ó§í§ã§ê§Ö§Þ §å§â§à§Ó§ß§Ö §Ó §¶§Ö§ã§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä §ã§à§Ò§à§Û §Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§å§ð §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§å §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§Ú;

d) §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§à§Þ §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó §ß§Ñ §Ó§à§Ù§Ó§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§å§ð §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§à§Û §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ §Ó §â§Ö§Ô§Ú§à§ß§Ö;

e) §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§î§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Ñ§Ô§â§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §á§â§Ú §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ü§Ö §³§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §º§ä§Ñ§ä§à§Ó §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Ö§ä §ß§Ö§Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§í§Þ §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ;

f) §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §à§ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §à§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ô§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§à-§Ú§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§î§ã§Ü§å§ð §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§å, §ä§â§Ö§Ò§å§ð§ë§å§ð §Ü§Ñ§á§Ú§ä§å§Ý§ñ§è§Ú§Ú;

g) §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §à§ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ô§à§ä§à§Ó§Ñ §ã§à§ä§â§å§Õ§ß§Ú§é§Ñ§ä§î §ã §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§à§Û §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ó §â§Ñ§Þ§Ü§Ñ§ç §Ö§Ö §â§Ö§Ù§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§Û, §Ü§Ñ§ã§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ñ. §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §à§ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §á§â§Ú§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ü §ã§à§Ù§í§Ó§å §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Û §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú §á§à§Õ §ï§Ô§Ú§Õ§à§Û §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý§Ú §Ò§í §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú§Ö §à§Ò§Ö §ã§Ó§Ö§â§ç§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§í §Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ö §ã §à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ù§Ñ§Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ó §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §ã §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ú§Þ§Ú §â§Ö§Ù§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û.

§¤-§ß §¡§â§Ñ§æ§Ñ§ä §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý §Õ§Ö§Þ§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §ã§Ú§Ý§í §Ó §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§Ö §Ú §Ù§Ñ §Ö§Ô§à §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §à§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ô§Ñ§ð§ä §Ú§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§î§ã§Ü§å§ð §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§å, §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§å§ð §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ.

§°§ß §á§à§Õ§é§Ö§â§Ü§ß§å§Ý, §é§ä§à §Ó§ã§Ö §á§à§á§í§ä§Ü§Ú §á§à§Õ§à§â§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §à§ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í §Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§â§å§ê§Ú§ä§î §Ö§Ö §Ú§ß§æ§â§Ñ§ã§ä§â§å§Ü§ä§å§â§å §á§â§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ý§Ú§ã§î. §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §á§à§Ý§ß§Ñ §â§Ö§ê§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ó§Ö§ã§ä§Ú §Ò§à§â§î§Ò§å §Õ§à §á§à§Ò§Ö§Õ§í.

§¯§Ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Þ §Ù§Ñ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ §Ù§Ñ§ã§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú 7 §ã§Ö§ß§ä§ñ§Ò§â§ñ 1983 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §¬§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý§Ñ §á§å§ä§Ö§Þ §Ñ§Ü§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Þ§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §¨§Ö§ß§Ö§Ó§ã§Ü§å§ð §Õ§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §à §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §Ú §±§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§å §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Û §á§à §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §á§â§Ñ§Ó §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ. §£ §¨§Ö§ß§Ö§Ó§ã§Ü§à§Û §Õ§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §à §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ä§ã§ñ §Ó§í§Õ§Ó§Ú§ß§å§ä§í§Ö §Ó §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ú §ã §ï§ä§Ú§Þ §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§à§Þ §â§å§Ü§à§Ó§à§Õ§ñ§ë§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§í, §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§Ñ§Þ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ, §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Þ§Ú§â§ß§í§Û §á§Ý§Ñ§ß, §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§í§Û §ß§Ñ §Õ§Ó§Ö§ß§Ñ§Õ§è§Ñ§ä§à§Þ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Þ §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ë§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §ß§Ñ §Ó§í§ã§ê§Ö§Þ §å§â§à§Ó§ß§Ö §Ó §¶§Ö§ã§Ö §Ó §ã§Ö§ß§ä§ñ§Ò§â§Ö 1982 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§Ö§ä §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ú§ä§î §Ó §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§å §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§í§ç §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§Û §á§à §å§â§Ö§Ô§å§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ñ. §¥§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ú§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ü §ã§à§Ù§í§Ó§å §á§à§Õ §ï§Ô§Ú§Õ§à§Û §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Û §Þ§Ú§â§ß§à§Û §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú §á§à §¢§Ý§Ú§Ø§ß§Ö§Þ§å §£§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§å §ã §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú§Ö§Þ §ß§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ó§ß§à§Û §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ö §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§à-§Ú§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§î§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ý§Ú§Ü§ä§Ñ, §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ñ §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §à§ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §³§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §º§ä§Ñ§ä§í §¡§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ú, §³§à§ð§Ù §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §³§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §²§Ö§ã§á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü §Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ. §±§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§Ñ §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Û §á§à §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §á§â§Ñ§Ó §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ §ã§à§ã§ä§à§Ú§ä §Ú§Ù §â§Ö§Ü§à§Þ§Ö§ß§Õ§Ñ§è§Ú§Û, §Ñ§Õ§â§Ö§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ ¡ª §é§Ý§Ö§ß§Ñ§Þ §³§à§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ §¢§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú, §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ§å §ã§Ö§Ü§â§Ö§ä§Ñ§â§ð, §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Þ §Ú §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ§Þ §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ê§Ú§â§à§Ü§Ú§Þ §ã§Ý§à§ñ§Þ §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú; §Ó §ß§Ú§ç §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §á§â§Ú§Ù§í§Ó §Ü §Ü§à§ß§Ü§â§Ö§ä§ß§í§Þ §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ§Þ, §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ §ß§Ñ §ã§à§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Þ§å §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§å §Ó §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §ß§Ö§à§ä§ì§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§Þ§í§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó, §Ó §é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú, §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö.

§¯§Ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Û §ä§â§Ú§Õ§è§Ñ§ä§î §Ó§à§ã§î§Þ§à§Û §ã§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §¡§ã§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§Ö§ñ §Ó §¡ §Ó§ß§à§Ó§î §à§Õ§à§Ò§â§Ú§Ý§Ñ §â§Ö§Ü§à§Þ§Ö§ß§Õ§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §¬§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§Ñ; §à§ß§Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§à§Ø§Ú§Ý§Ñ §¬§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§å §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§Ú§ä§î §Ù§Ñ §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Õ§Ö§Ý §Ó §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ö §à §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Ù§Ñ §Ó§í§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §±§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§í §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Û §á§à §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §á§â§Ñ§Ó §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ, §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§à§Û §®§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Û §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ö§Û.

§¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §¡§ã§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§Ö§ñ §Ó §â§Ö§Ù§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§Ú 38/58 §³ §à§Õ§à§Ò§â§Ú§Ý§Ñ §¨§Ö§ß§Ö§Ó§ã§Ü§å§ð §Õ§Ö§Ü§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §à §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §á§â§Ú§Ù§í§Ó §Ü §ã§à§Ù§í§Ó§å §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Û §Þ§Ú§â§ß§à§Û §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú §á§à §¢§Ý§Ú§Ø§ß§Ö§Þ§å §£§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§å §Ó §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §ã§à §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§Þ§Ú §â§å§Ü§à§Ó§à§Õ§ñ§ë§Ú§Þ§Ú §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§Ñ§Þ§Ú:

a) §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§à§Þ §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§ß§í§ç §ß§Ö§à§ä§ì§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§Þ§í§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó, §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §ß§Ñ §Ó§à§Ù§Ó§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §ß§Ñ §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §ß§Ñ §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Ô§à §ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§Ö;

b) §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §à§ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §±§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§í ¡ª §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ ¡ª §å§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ß§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ó§ß§à§Û §ã §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Þ§Ú §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ö §Ó§à §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§ñ§ç, §à§Ò§ã§å§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§ç §Ú §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ñ§ç §á§à §¢§Ý§Ú§Ø§ß§Ö§Þ§å §£§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§å;

c) §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ú§ä§î §Ü§à§ß§Ö§è §à§Ü§Ü§å§á§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§Ö§Þ §Ñ§â§Ñ§Ò§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Û §Ó §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §ã §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á§à§Þ §ß§Ö§Õ§à§á§å§ã§ä§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§â§Ú§à§Ò§â§Ö§ä§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §ã §á§à§Þ§à§ë§î§ð §ã§Ú§Ý§í §Ú, §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à, §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§ä§î §å§ç§à§Õ §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§ñ §ã §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Û, §à§Ü§Ü§å§á§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §ã 1967 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ, §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ñ §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ;

d) §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ú §à§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ô§Ñ§ä§î §ä§Ñ§Ü§å§ð §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§å §Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ü§å §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§ñ §ß§Ñ §à§Ü§Ü§å§á§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ§ç, §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ñ §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ, §Ú §Ý§ð§Ò§å§ð §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§å§ð §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§Ö§Þ §ã§Ú§ä§å§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §Õ§Ö-§æ§Ñ§Ü§ä§à, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§â§Ö§é§Ñ§ä §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Þ§å §á§â§Ñ§Ó§å §Ú §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ú§Þ §â§Ö§Ù§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§ñ§Þ §°§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §°§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §¯§Ñ§è§Ú§Û, §à§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §á§à§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Û, §Ó§Ó§Ú§Õ§å §ä§à§Ô§à, §é§ä§à §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ñ§ñ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ §Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä §ã§à§Ò§à§Û §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§ß§à§Ö §á§â§Ö§á§ñ§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ §á§å§ä§Ú §Ü §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ §ß§Ñ §¢§Ý§Ú§Ø§ß§Ö§Þ §£§à§ã§ä§à§Ü§Ö;

e) §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §Ó§ß§à§Ó§î §á§à§Õ§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Õ§Ú§ä§î, §é§ä§à §Ó§ã§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §Ú §Ñ§Õ§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Ö §Þ§Ö§â§í §Ú §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ, §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§í§Ö §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§Ö§Þ ¡ª §à§Ü§Ü§å§á§Ú§â§å§ð§ë§Ö§Û §Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ó§à§Û, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ý§Ú §Ú§Ý§Ú §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§í §ß§Ñ §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â§Ñ §Ú §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§å§ã§Ñ §³§Ó§ñ§ë§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§Ñ §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ, §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ñ §ï§Ü§ã§á§â§à§á§â§Ú§Ñ§è§Ú§ð §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ö§Ý§î §Ú §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§ñ§ë§Ö§Ô§à§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §ß§Ú§ç §Ú§Þ§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §à§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à §ä§Ñ§Ü §ß§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§Þ§í§Û ?§°§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§à§Û §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß? §à§Ò §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ö §Ú §á§â§à§Ó§à§Ù§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ª§Ö§â§å§ã§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Þ§Ñ §ã§ä§à§Ý§Ú§è§Ö§Û §ª§Ù§â§Ñ§Ú§Ý§ñ, §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ö§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ§Ú;

f) §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó §â§Ö§Ô§Ú§à§ß§Ñ §ß§Ñ §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §Ò§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§í§ç §Ú §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§ß§í§ç §Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§è§Ñ§ç §á§â§Ú §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ý§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §Ò§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û, §ß§Ö§á§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§Ö§Þ §é§Ö§Ô§à §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§ß§í§ç §Ú §ß§Ö§à§ä§ì§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§Þ§í§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó §á§Ñ§Ý§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §å§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§à §Ó §á§à§Õ§á§å§ß§Ü§ä§Ö (§Ñ), §Ó§í§ê§Ö.

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§ª §Ó 1982 §Ô§à§Õ§å:

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§³§ß§à§ã§Ü§Ú

1. .

2. New York Times, 2 September 1982, sect. A, p.11.

3. .

4. .

5. §²§Ö§Ù§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§Ú §Ú §¤§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §¡§ã§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§Ö§Ú.

6. The Commission of Inquiry into the events at the refugee camps in Beirut, 1983. §©§Ñ§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §Õ§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ, §à§á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Û §Ó ?§¥§Ø§Ö§â§å§Ù§Ñ§Ý§Ö§Þ §á§à§ã§ä? 9 §æ§Ö§Ó§â§Ñ§Ý§ñ 1983 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ.

7. United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 75, No. 973.

8. .

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